2021年江苏大学英语考试模拟卷（3）.docx

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1、2021年江苏大学英语考试模拟卷（3）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.B Passage Two Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard./B ATo forbid grazing on marginal lands.BTo plant more trees on marginal lands.CTo establish good ground cover.DTo graze animal

2、s rotationally. 2. BPassage Three Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard./B ABecause many of the boys in single parent families are raised by their mothers.BBecause many boys like the stories of women pioneers.CBecause boys are more negative than girls.DBecause many of the b

3、oys are from minority populations. 3.ATake the wallet to the reception desk.BLook for the owner of the wallet in the company.CAsk the receptionist for help.DPut the wallet back in the elevator. 4. BQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard./B AThe behavior of the interview

4、ee.BThe character of the interviewee.CThe tone of the interviewee.DThe appearance of the interviewee. 5. BPassage One Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard./B ADifferent groups needed different kinds of education.BSpecial programs should be set up to modernize students.CWom

5、en should stay at home.DMore women should be involved in education and industry. 6. BQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard./B AShe will give lectures to them.BShe will persuade more professors to join the group.CShe will talk out her own experiences of publishing.DShe

6、will list more people who might join the group. 7.B Passage Two Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard./B ASupporting the soil.BProviding shade for animals.CLoosening soil structure.DProtecting the soil from wind and rain damage. 8.HIV Vaccine Feat Leaves More Questions Than

7、 Answers Only hours after HIV vaccine researchers announced the achievement of a milestone that has eluded them for a quarter of a century, they began plotting their next stepsand coming back to reality. Their ultimate goal, halting the spread of AIDS, remains far in the future. A Thai and American

8、team had announced early Thursday in Bangkok that they had found a combination of vaccines that provided modest protection against infection with HIV, offering the first proof of principle that the deadly disease could be tamed by teaching the immune system to recognize the virus and defeat it. Scie

9、ntists around the world hailed the achievement. But by Thursday afternoon, the initial wave of joy had given way to the recognition that many questions will have to be answered before researchers can produce a vaccine that will reliably shield people from HIV. For starters, it could take years to fi

10、gure out the biological mechanisms that produced the apparent 31 reduction in infections among those given the vaccine treatment. Researchers have never before observed antibodies (抗体) or other molecules in the blood that could block an infection of HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Now they will try

11、 to figure out whether this combination of vaccines stimulated new molecules, or provoked an unusual blend of ones previously observed. Experts predicted that it would require 2 to 3 years of research to better understand how the vaccine worked, and an additional 5 to 10 years to produce a vaccine t

12、hat was ready to test in people. Some researchers even wondered whether the apparent reduction in infections was simply a statistical mistake resulting from the small number of HIV cases observed in the trial. The abundance of unanswered questions hasnt sapped the enthusiasm of many HIV researchers.

13、 After 26 years of seemingly futile research on vaccines, they have finally made some progress on demonstrating the feasibility of an HIV vaccine, said Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, which largely funded the $120-million study. This is the f

14、irst positive signalmodest though it may bethat we have ever got with any vaccine that we have ever tested in humans, Fauci said. But is it a vaccine that is ready for prime time No. The Thai trial, which began in 2003, had been laughed at by many critics as a waste of time and money because its two

15、 vaccines had produced no benefit in individual trials. But a few researchers speculated that using them togetherwith one vaccine priming (开始修复) the immune system and the second boosting that responsewould be more effective. The primer in this combination is Alvac, made by Sanofi Pasteur, which uses

16、 a harmless virus to carry three synthetic HIV genes into the body. :The boost comes from Aidsvax, originally made by VaxGen Inc. and now owned by the nonprofit group Global Solutions for Infectious Diseases. It contains a genetically engineered version of a protein from the HIV surface. The study,

17、led by Dr. Supachai Rerks-Ngarm of the Thai Ministry of Public Healths Department of Disease Control, involved more than 16,000 volunteers in Thailand, all from the general population rather than from a pool of high-risk homosexuals and drug users used in past studies. Half received four priming dos

18、es of Alvac and two boost doses of Aidsvax over a six-month period; the other half received placebo (无效对照药) shots. After three years of follow-up, new HIV infections were observed in 74 of the 8,198 people who received the placebo, but in only 51 of the 8,197 given the vaccine, a statistically signi

19、ficant 31% reduction. To the researchers disappointment, however, the vaccine did not reduce levels of HIV activity in those who became infected after being vaccinated. The trial was carried out in Thailand because the initial research was conducted there and the vaccine was based on the version of

20、HIV that circulates in that country. Full details of the study will be released next month at a conference in Paris, and researchers are eagerly awaiting them. Dr. Salim S. Abdool Karim, an epidemiologist at Columbia University in New York and director of the Centre for the AIDS Programme of Researc

21、h in South Africa in Durban, said he was particularly eager to know whether people who got vaccinated and stayed healthy had a bigger response from the white blood cells known as cellular T lymphocytes(淋巴球). A whole range of vaccines were developed on the hypothesis(遐想) that they generated sufficien

22、t cellular T lymphocyte responses to prevent infection, he said. Weve never been able to test that hypothesis because no vaccine has worked until now. And if it is not the lymphocytes, then what kind of compounds were the cells making when you inoculate them with the vaccine asked Dr. Spyros Kalams,

23、 an HIV immunology researcher at Vanderbilt University in Nashville an Awhether observed antibodies can block the infection of HIVBwhether the combination of vaccines stimulates new moleculesCwhether the combination of vaccines can work wellDwhether the combination of vaccines could be tested in nor

24、mal people 9.AProfessor Smith will help Mary to take the course simultaneously.BMary will probably postpone taking the course of statistics.CMary will require taking the accounting course first.DMary will take the course of Professor Smith. 10. BPassage Three Questions 33 to 35 are based on the pass

25、age you have just heard./B AThe quantity of single parent family in America.BThe push of Maria Brennan.CThe September 11 attack.DThe requirements of four schools. 11. BQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard./B ABecause it shows your politeness.BBecause it gives you anot

26、her chance to emphasize your advantages.CBecause it will remind the interviewers of you.DBecause it is one of the ways you ask for the result of the interview. 12. BPassage One Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard./B AMore goods were produced than needed.BLess goods were p

27、roduced than needed.CImmigrant women couldnt enjoy the right of educational.DImmigrant women raised a lot of children. 13.ATo try playing a new game.BNot to worry about his grades.CTo spend more time on his studies.DTo teach them how to play the games. 14.HIV Vaccine Feat Leaves More Questions Than

28、Answers Only hours after HIV vaccine researchers announced the achievement of a milestone that has eluded them for a quarter of a century, they began plotting their next stepsand coming back to reality. Their ultimate goal, halting the spread of AIDS, remains far in the future. A Thai and American t

29、eam had announced early Thursday in Bangkok that they had found a combination of vaccines that provided modest protection against infection with HIV, offering the first proof of principle that the deadly disease could be tamed by teaching the immune system to recognize the virus and defeat it. Scien

30、tists around the world hailed the achievement. But by Thursday afternoon, the initial wave of joy had given way to the recognition that many questions will have to be answered before researchers can produce a vaccine that will reliably shield people from HIV. For starters, it could take years to fig

31、ure out the biological mechanisms that produced the apparent 31 reduction in infections among those given the vaccine treatment. Researchers have never before observed antibodies (抗体) or other molecules in the blood that could block an infection of HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Now they will try

32、to figure out whether this combination of vaccines stimulated new molecules, or provoked an unusual blend of ones previously observed. Experts predicted that it would require 2 to 3 years of research to better understand how the vaccine worked, and an additional 5 to 10 years to produce a vaccine th

33、at was ready to test in people. Some researchers even wondered whether the apparent reduction in infections was simply a statistical mistake resulting from the small number of HIV cases observed in the trial. The abundance of unanswered questions hasnt sapped the enthusiasm of many HIV researchers.

34、After 26 years of seemingly futile research on vaccines, they have finally made some progress on demonstrating the feasibility of an HIV vaccine, said Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, which largely funded the $120-million study. This is the fi

35、rst positive signalmodest though it may bethat we have ever got with any vaccine that we have ever tested in humans, Fauci said. But is it a vaccine that is ready for prime time No. The Thai trial, which began in 2003, had been laughed at by many critics as a waste of time and money because its two

36、vaccines had produced no benefit in individual trials. But a few researchers speculated that using them togetherwith one vaccine priming (开始修复) the immune system and the second boosting that responsewould be more effective. The primer in this combination is Alvac, made by Sanofi Pasteur, which uses

37、a harmless virus to carry three synthetic HIV genes into the body. :The boost comes from Aidsvax, originally made by VaxGen Inc. and now owned by the nonprofit group Global Solutions for Infectious Diseases. It contains a genetically engineered version of a protein from the HIV surface. The study, l

38、ed by Dr. Supachai Rerks-Ngarm of the Thai Ministry of Public Healths Department of Disease Control, involved more than 16,000 volunteers in Thailand, all from the general population rather than from a pool of high-risk homosexuals and drug users used in past studies. Half received four priming dose

39、s of Alvac and two boost doses of Aidsvax over a six-month period; the other half received placebo (无效对照药) shots. After three years of follow-up, new HIV infections were observed in 74 of the 8,198 people who received the placebo, but in only 51 of the 8,197 given the vaccine, a statistically signif

40、icant 31% reduction. To the researchers disappointment, however, the vaccine did not reduce levels of HIV activity in those who became infected after being vaccinated. The trial was carried out in Thailand because the initial research was conducted there and the vaccine was based on the version of H

41、IV that circulates in that country. Full details of the study will be released next month at a conference in Paris, and researchers are eagerly awaiting them. Dr. Salim S. Abdool Karim, an epidemiologist at Columbia University in New York and director of the Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research

42、 in South Africa in Durban, said he was particularly eager to know whether people who got vaccinated and stayed healthy had a bigger response from the white blood cells known as cellular T lymphocytes(淋巴球). A whole range of vaccines were developed on the hypothesis(遐想) that they generated sufficient

43、 cellular T lymphocyte responses to prevent infection, he said. Weve never been able to test that hypothesis because no vaccine has worked until now. And if it is not the lymphocytes, then what kind of compounds were the cells making when you inoculate them with the vaccine asked Dr. Spyros Kalams,

44、an HIV immunology researcher at Vanderbilt University in Nashville an Ainjecting one vaccine for the immune systemBinjecting two vaccines to boost the responsesCinjecting one vaccine for the immune system and another to boost the responsesDputting three synthetic HIV genes into the body 15.Passage O

45、ne The Obesity is a national health crisis, one thatquite literallyweighs on us all. It costs lives. It costs dollars. And in the context of our current health-reform debate in Washington, its time we took action, as a nation and as individuals, to address this cost. While infectious disease was a d

46、isaster recently as our grandparents generation, chronic disease is killing us and harming our well-beingand obesity is the root cause. The growth in obesity is strongly linked to heart disease, hypertension, and the explosion of diabetes that our country is currently experiencing. These and other c

47、hronic diseases account for 7 out of every 10 deaths each year and are the leading cause of death and disability in the U.S. They are also responsible for more than 75 percent of the nations health-care spending. Year after year, more Americans have become obese or overweight, now representing one third of the population. One in five 4-year-olds are obese, contributing to the fact that for the first time ever, children may have a shorter lifespan than their parents.