英语公开课-定语从句复习教学课件.ppt

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1、 The Attributive Clause定语从句定语从句This is an English song.We are familiar with it.This is an English song that we are familiar with.先行词先行词关系词关系词1. Those are present at our class are all experienced teachers.2. Our class is a big family_ consists of 23 girls and 29 boys.3. Yao Hui is the boy English stu

2、dy is very good in our class.4. The school _ we are studying is very famous.5. we all know, our school is 50 years old.where/in whichwhowhoseAswhich/that基础知识回顾：基础知识回顾：在句子中作在句子中作定语定语，修饰，修饰名词名词或或代词代词的从句。这种从句由的从句。这种从句由关系代词关系代词或或关系副词关系副词引导，并作句子成分引导，并作句子成分因形容词定语，所以又称之为因形容词定语，所以又称之为形容词性从句形容词性从句。Attributiv

3、e clause:定语从句的位置：通常在先行词（在主句中）后。定语从句的位置：通常在先行词（在主句中）后。定语从句的引导词关系关系代词代词关系关系副词副词指人指人指物指物who(主语、宾语主语、宾语)，whom(宾语宾语)，that(主语、宾语主语、宾语), whose(定语定语)that(主语、宾语主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语主语、宾语)whose(定语定语)where (地点状语地点状语)when (时间状语时间状语)why (原因状语原因状语)基础知识回顾基础知识回顾: 关系词及其意义关系词及其意义指代人指代人 指代事物指代事物 所属关系所属关系 指地点指地点 指时间指时间 指原

4、因指原因 who, whom, that, aswhich, that, aswhosewherewhenwhy关关系系代代词词关关系系副副词词归纳总结归纳总结做题技巧做题技巧?先分析定语从句中缺少什么成分先分析定语从句中缺少什么成分三步法三步法: 还原还原. 补缺补缺. 看成分看成分 1.(1)This is the house _the teacher wanted to buy. (2)This is the house _a fire broke out last year.解解.:(1)先将先行词先将先行词the house还原到从句中还原到从句中The teacher wanted

5、 to buy the house .句子完整句子完整, the house 作作buy 的宾语的宾语,故填故填which或或that,或省略或省略.(2)The house 还原到从句中还原到从句中A fire broke out the house last year . 句子句子有误有误,broke out是个不及物动词短语是个不及物动词短语,故补缺加上故补缺加上in,句子才完整句子才完整.而而inthe house 在从句中作地点状语在从句中作地点状语,故填关系副词故填关系副词where 或或in which.which/that/where/in which 2.(1)We will

6、 never forget the days _we spent in the factory. (2)we will never forget the days _ we worked in the factory.which/that/when/during which 下次可千万别一看到地点名词就填下次可千万别一看到地点名词就填where;时间名词就填时间名词就填when哦哦!技巧是技巧是:看从句缺什么成分看从句缺什么成分.(缺主语或宾语填关系代词缺主语或宾语填关系代词,缺状语则缺状语则填关系副词填关系副词) 1.(1)This is the house _the teacher wan

7、ted to buy. (2)This is the house _a fire broke out last year.解解.:(1)先将先行词先将先行词the house还原到从句中还原到从句中The teacher wanted to buy the house .句子完整句子完整, the house 作作buy 的宾语的宾语,故填故填which或或that,或省略或省略.(2)The house 还原到从句中还原到从句中A fire broke out the house last year . 句子句子有误有误,broke out是个不及物动词短语是个不及物动词短语,故补缺加上故补

8、缺加上in,句子才完整句子才完整.而而inthe house 在从句中作地点状语在从句中作地点状语,故填关系副词故填关系副词where 或或in which.which/that/where/in which 2.(1)We will never forget the days _we spent in the factory. (2)we will never forget the days _ we worked in the factory.which/that/when/during which 下次可千万别一看到地点名词就填下次可千万别一看到地点名词就填where;时间名词就填时间名

9、词就填when哦哦!秘诀是秘诀是:看从句缺什么成分看从句缺什么成分.(缺主语或宾语填关系代词缺主语或宾语填关系代词,缺状语则缺状语则填关系副词填关系副词)三步法三步法:还原还原.补缺补缺.看成分看成分 专家说专家说 1、非限制性定语从句仍是命题的重中之重，其中关系代词as和which的用法区别是命题的核心； 2、定语从句与强调句、同位语从句融合在一起进行考查，既考查句式结构的辨析能力，又能考查关系词与其他连接词的区分运用能力； 3、介词+关系代词结构的准确选择和运用1.that与与which2.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句3.介词介词+关系代词关系代词4.as的使用的使用5.对对where

10、的考查的考查6.综合考查综合考查考点考点难难点点1) Do you have anything _ you dont understand?2) The only thing _ we can do is to give you some advice.3) Who is the man _ is standing there?4) Her bag, in _ she put all her money, has been stolen.5) She heard a terrible noise， _ brought her heart into her mouth.thatthatthatw

11、hichwhich考点考点1：that 与与 which围绕高考来释难围绕高考来释难一、1、Do you have anything _you want to say for yourself?2、This is the very book _Im looking for.3、This is the best _has been used against pollution.4、What is the first American film _you have seen?5、I know the things and persons_he referred to.6、Which is the

12、bike_you lost?7、They secretly built up a small factory which produced things_could cause pollution只用只用that的情况的情况1.当先行词是不定代词当先行词是不定代词all much.little.something.everything.anything.nothing.none.the one时时2.当先行词前面有当先行词前面有only.any.few. little.no.all. very等词修饰时等词修饰时 3.当先行词是当先行词是形容词最高级形容词最高级或它的或它的前面有形前面有形容词

13、最高级修饰容词最高级修饰时时 4.当先行词是当先行词是序数词序数词或它或它前面有序数词修饰前面有序数词修饰时时5.当先行词当先行词既有人又有物既有人又有物时时6.当主句的主语是疑问词当主句的主语是疑问词who或或which时时7.有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另外一个宜用，另外一个宜用thatPractice1:先行词是先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等等不定代词或不定代词或 由不定代词由不定代词any, some, no, much, few,

14、 little, every, all等等修饰时修饰时, 引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that不用不用 which。2：先行词被形容词：先行词被形容词最高级最高级或或序数词序数词修饰且指物时修饰且指物时, 引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that 。3: 先行词中先行词中既既有人又有事物有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用时，引导定语从句用 that 。4:先行词被先行词被the very, the only等修饰且指物时等修饰且指物时,引导定引导定 语从句用语从句用that。5：当先行词前面：当先行词前面有有who/which等疑问代词等疑问代词时，为避免时，为避免重复只用重复只用that。1. 指物

15、，介词后。指物，介词后。2. 用于非限制定语从句中用于非限制定语从句中只使用只使用that应遵循的规则应遵循的规则只使用只使用which应遵循的规则应遵循的规则1.05浙江浙江)Jim passed the driving test,_surprised everybody in the office.A.which B.that C. this D.it2.05辽宁辽宁)I walked in our garden, _Tom and Jim were trying a big sign onto one of the trees.A. which B. when C. where D. t

16、hat3.06上海上海)You can find whatever you need at the shopping center, _is always busy at the weekend.A.where B. which C. what D. that走出误区走出误区:并不是只有并不是只有which才能引导非限定从才能引导非限定从(如题如题2),where ,when,who whom,whose,as等等 都可引导都可引导.而而what是不能引导定语从句的是不能引导定语从句的,它它是用来引导名词性从句的是用来引导名词性从句的.考点考点2:非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句1. (06陕

17、西)She was educated at Beijing University , _she went on to have her advanced study abroad.A.After that B.from that C. from which D.after which2.(MET92)In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _she could turn for help.A.that B. who C. from whom D.to whom3.In the office I never seem to have tim

18、e until after 5:30pm,_many people have gone home.A.whose B.that C.on which D.by which time4.(05天津)Last month,part of Southeast Asia was struck byfloods, from_ effects the people are still suffering.A.that B. whose C. those D. what介词介词(by/during/-)+which time eg, He lived in london for 3 months,durin

19、g which time he Learned some English. 考点考点3：介词：介词+关系词关系词6. (06浙江浙江) I was given three books on cooking, the first _I really enjoyed. A. of that B. of which C. that D. which做题技巧做题技巧?定语从句句首为介词时定语从句句首为介词时,后可接的关系词为后可接的关系词为:介词介词+whom / which / whose7. This is the hero of_ I am proud.8. I recognized the b

20、oss in company my sister was working. whosewhom关系代词前介词的确定关系代词前介词的确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im not sure?3. 根据先行词与介词

21、的搭配习惯，请体会：根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.= when做题技巧做题技巧?关系副词关系副词when, where, why可以用适当的可以用适当的介词介词+which来替代。来替代。1. Do you know the boy _ _ your mother is talking?2. I still remember the day _ _ I first got to Paris.3. He gave me some novels _ _ I am not very f

22、amiliar.to whomwith whichon whichThis is the child who/ whom/ that I will look after.5. 译：这是我要照顾的小孩。译：这是我要照顾的小孩。4. He gave me some novels _ _ I am not very familiar with.which / that / 不填不填Practice1.06湖南湖南)we saw seveal natives advancing towards our party ,and one of them came up to us, _we gave som

23、e bells and glasses.A.to which B.to whom C.with whom D.withwhich2.There are 20 students in this class, _ are different.A.whose backgrounds B.the backgrounds of whomC.of whom the backgrounds D. all of the above3.I have many friends, _some are businessmen.A.Of them B.from which C. who of D.of whom4.非限

24、制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用用“数词数词/代词代词 + of + 关系代词关系代词”的结构，如：的结构，如：e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two-thirds of whom have been to Beijing.5. Whose从句可转换为从句可转换为“ of +关系代词关系代词”型，如：型，如：e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south. They lived in a house, of which t

25、he door opens to the south. They lived in a house, the door of which opens to the south.3.By serving others , a person focus on someone other than himself or herself, _can be very eye- opening and rewarding.A.who B. which C. what D. that做题技巧做题技巧?填上合适的关系词并分析原因填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.The way _he explained the

26、 sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple.that/ which/不填不填that/in which/不填不填缺状语缺状语缺宾语缺宾语考点考点2：the way用做先行词用做先行词the way 做先行词时做先行词时,先看后面定语从句中是否缺少先看后面定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾语主语或宾语:缺少主语或宾语缺少主语或宾语:引导词用引导词用that / which / 不填不填(缺宾语时缺宾语时)主语宾语都不缺主语宾语都不缺:引导词用引导词用that

27、 / in which / 不填不填考点考点2：the way用做先行词用做先行词3. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. （04湖北）湖北） A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which高考题链接：高考题链接：考点考点2：the way用做先行词用做先行词3. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. （04湖北）湖北） A. the way B. in the way

28、 that C. in the way D. the way which高考题链接：高考题链接：1.He is one of the boys who _ present at the meeting now.2.He is the only one of them who _present at the meeting now.3.He is the one of them who _present at the meeting.areisis考点主谓一致考点主谓一致3. _ is known to all, he is the best student.4. Jim passed the

29、driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office. Aswhich难点一：难点一：as的用法的用法asthatwhich1. It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift.2. It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift it.asthat归纳归纳：as引导引导限制性定语从句限制性定语从句先行词前常被先行词前常被such, the same, so, as 修饰，即构成修饰，即构成suchas , the same as, soas, 结构，做题时容易忽略。结构，做题时容

30、易忽略。as在定语从句中应充在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。题题2从句中不缺成分从句中不缺成分,便便用用that引导引导结果状语从句结果状语从句,(如此如此-以致于以致于-)as 与与which引导引导非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句都能指代整句内容都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于但定语从句位于句首句首时，只能用时，只能用 as, 意为意为“正如正如、恰恰如如”。1. Such boys _you mentioned are well.2. It is so difficult a problem _no one can work out.3. It i

31、s so difficult a problem_no one can work it out.4. She wore the same hat _you wore yesterday.5. She is wearing the same hat_she woreYesterday. 6.She went to the same place _she saw the key.Practicethatasasaswherethat当主句中出现当主句中出现the same时时, 后面从句缺主语后面从句缺主语或宾语时与或宾语时与as搭配表同一类事物搭配表同一类事物,与与that搭搭表同一个事物表同一

32、个事物模拟训练模拟训练 ：1. He is such a lazy man_ nobody wants to work with_. A. as; him B. that; / C. as; / D. whom; him2. Mrs. Black took the police back to_ place _ she witnessed(目击）目击） the robbery. A. the same; as B. the same; where C. the same ; that D. as the same; as1. Ive come to the point where I cant

33、 stand him.2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。 where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是 表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。难点二：一些特殊词之后的难点二：一些特殊词之后的where解析：解析：如果定语从句分别修饰如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, c

34、ase, stage, mark, condition等表示抽象意义的词，常用等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导，意思是引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况到了某种地步，在某种境况中中” 。1.We are trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. （06山东）山东） A. which B. that C. where D. when2. -Do you have anything to say for yourself? -Yes, theres one point _ we must

35、insist on（坚持）（坚持） . （06江西）江西） A. why B. where C. how D. /高考题链接：高考题链接：做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择恰当的关系词。恰当的关系词。 wherethat1.This is the library_I borrowed the book.2.It is from this library_I borrowed the book. where定语从句定语从句that强调句型强调句型综合考查一：定语从句与强调句综合考查一：定语从句与强调句3. -Where did you last see Mr. Sm

36、ith? -It was in the hotel_ I lived. A. that B. which C. where D. when难点三难点三.综合考查综合考查 近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句、名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。友情提示友情提示综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句1. We all have heard the news_ our team

37、won.2. We dont believe in the news _ he told us yesterday.that that/which/综合考查综合考查三三：定语从句与：定语从句与表表语从句语从句 The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be_ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. （06 江苏）江苏） A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which that/which1.

38、 We should go to the place_ we are most needed.2. We should go to the place_ needs us most. A. it B. where C. that D. what3.Word came_ their army was defeated.4.We expressed to them our wish _ was the same as theirs.BC对比训练对比训练thatthat 1. It was October_we met in Damiao for the first time. 2. It was

39、in October_we met in Damiao for the first time. A. that B. which C. when D. whileHe stood behind the door, _he could see what was happening.It may rain, _case the match will be put off.CA对比训练对比训练from wherein which 1. He is such a good teacher_ we all like him. 2. He is such a good teacher_ we all li

40、ke. A. whom B. that C. as D. whichBC对比训练对比训练1. There are 54 students in our class, _ 18 are girls. A. more than B. less than C. in those D. of whom 2. Well remember those days _ we spent together. A. when B. in which C. in that D. which Exercise 3. The doctor _ is leaving for Africa next month. A. t

41、he nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talking C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking4. Next month, _ youll spend in your hometown, is coming. A. which B. that C. when D. where 5. He had a bad cold, _he didnt attend the meeting. A. because B. because of which C. to which D.

42、because of that 6. There is no dictionary _ you can find everything. A. in it B. in which C. where D. in that 7. Do you want to buy the same radio _ was shown on TV? A. what B. which C. as D. that 8. She was wearing the same dress _ she had on the day before. A. that B. which C. where D. what 9. A n

43、ew building will be built, _ is reported in todays newspaper. A. it B. as C. which D. that 10. All _ is needed is a supply of oil. A. / B. that C. what D. which 、The text is one of the most interesting stories_learnt in the past three days.A、that haveB、that have beenC、which hasD、that has beenB、The c

44、ollege wont take anyone _ eyesight is weak.A、whoB、whoseC、of whomD、whichB、Let me think of a proper situation _ this sentence can be used.A、whereB、thatC、of whomD、whichA、She will never forget the day_ she spent in Beijing.A、whenB、whatC、whichD、whyC、Those _ to take part in the game write down your names.

45、A、whoB、who wantC、what wantsD、wantB1、This is the last factory _ he used to work at, many workers of _ still have a good relationship with him.A、that; itB、which; whomC、that; whichD、which; thatC1、They have decided to finish their work, _ I think is a wise choice.A、thatB、whatC、whichD、whetherC1、There are

46、 three libraries in our school, _ were built five years ago.A、all of themB、either of themC、all of whichD、both of thatC19、This is the reason _ he told me.A、thatB、whyC、on whichD、for thatA难点一：难点一：as的用法的用法做题技巧做题技巧?当主句中出现当主句中出现such 或或so 时时,看后面从句是否看后面从句是否缺主语或宾语缺主语或宾语:(1)缺缺主语或宾语主语或宾语,从句前用从句前用as(2)不缺不缺主语和宾语

47、主语和宾语,从句前用从句前用that, 此时引导结果状从此时引导结果状从当主句中出现当主句中出现the same时时, 后面从句缺主语后面从句缺主语或宾语时与或宾语时与as搭配表搭配表同一类同一类事物事物,与与that搭配搭配表表同一个同一个事物事物 7. Everything _you said is true. 8. Which is the book _you want? 9. Who is the girl _sits there.10. All _he said is true.11. All _is said by him is true.12. Are there any pro

48、blems _trouble you?13. I will make full use of the time _there is left for me. (that)(that)that(that)that that(that)1.that与与which2.对对the way的考查的考查3.介词介词+关系词关系词4.as的使用的使用5.对对where的考查的考查6.综合考查综合考查考点考点难难点点Practice1.This is the best film _Ive seen.2.That is the last lesson _I gave you.3.This is the very book _Im after.4.That is just the coat _color is red.5.That is the right place _he works.6. I still remember the schools and boys _I met there.7.Which is the dictionary _ you want?(that)(that)(that)whosewhere(that)(that)