2021年广东职称英语考试真题卷.docx

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1、2021年广东职称英语考试真题卷本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They _ that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the _ man. But they insisted that its

2、 _ results during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty and misery for the _of the English population. _ contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1650-1750, when England was still a _ agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity. This view, _ , is gen

3、erally thought to be wrong. Specialists _ history and economics, have _ two things: that the period from 1650 to 1750 was _ by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace (平民).AhoweverB meanwhileCth

4、ereforeD moreover 2.Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They _ that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the _ man. But they insisted that its _ results during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty a

5、nd misery for the _of the English population. _ contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1650-1750, when England was still a _ agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity. This view, _ , is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists _ history and economics, have _

6、two things: that the period from 1650 to 1750 was _ by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace (平民).AatB inC aboutD for 3.Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial R

7、evolution. They _ that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the _ man. But they insisted that its _ results during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty and misery for the _of the English population. _ contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred

8、years from 1650-1750, when England was still a _ agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity. This view, _ , is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists _ history and economics, have _ two things: that the period from 1650 to 1750 was _ by great poverty, and that industrializa

9、tion certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace (平民).AmanifestedBapprovedC shownDspeculated 4.Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They _ that in the long run industrialization greatly raised t

10、he standard of living for the _ man. But they insisted that its _ results during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty and misery for the _of the English population. _ contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1650-1750, when England was still a _ agricultural country, a

11、period of great abundance and prosperity. This view, _ , is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists _ history and economics, have _ two things: that the period from 1650 to 1750 was _ by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditio

12、ns for the majority of the populace (平民).AnotedB impressedClabeledD marked 5.The Drink Your Body Needs Most1 Our bodies are estimated to be about 60to 70waterBlood is mostly waterand our muscles，lungs，and brain all contain a lot of waterWater is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the

13、 means for nutrients (滋养物)to travel to all oar organsWater also transports oxygen to our cells，removes waste，and protects our joints and organs2 we lose water through urination(排尿)，respiration(呼吸)，and by sweatingIf you are very active，you lose more water than if you do not take much exerciseSymptoms

14、 of mild dehydration(脱水)include chronic pains in joints and muscles，lower back pain，headaches，and constipation(便秘)A strong smell to your urine，along with a yellow color indicates that you are not getting enough waterThirst is an obvious sign of dehydration and in fact，you need water long before you

15、feel thirsty3 A good rule of thumb(好的做法)is to take your body weight in pounds and divide that number in halfThat gives you the number of ounces(盎司)of water per day that you needFor exampleif you weigh 160 pounds，you should drink at least 80 ounces of water per dayIf you exercise you should drink ano

16、ther 8-ounce glass of water for every 20 minutes you are activeIf you drink coffee or alcohol，you should add at least an equal amount of waterWhen you are traveling on an airplane，it is good to have 8 ounces of water for every hour you are on board the plane4 It may be difficult to drink enough wate

17、r on a busy dayBe sure you have water handy at all times by keeping a bottle for water with you when you are working，traveling，or exercisingIf you get bored with plain water,add a bit of lemon for a touch of flavorThere are some brands of flavored water available，but some of them have sugar or artif

18、icial sweeteners that you 1dQn，need23 Paragraph 1_24 Paragraph 2_25 Paragraph 3_26 Paragraph 4_A Ounces of Water Needed Per DayB Importance of WaterC Composition of WaterD Signs of DehydrationE Supply of WaterF Necessity for Bringing a Bottle for Water with You 6.Stem Cell Therapy May Help Repair th

19、e HeartAccording to scientists in the USA，stem cell therapy may one day be able to repair the hearts of people with heart failureResearchers at Pittsburgh University School of Medicine examined 20 patients who had severe heart failure and were going to have surgeryThey injected stem cells into the p

20、arts of their hearts that were damaged，They then compared their hearts with those of people who had undergone surgery without having the stem cells injected into them(they had also suffered from severe heart failure)The patients who had had the stem cells injected had hearts that were able to pump(用

21、泵抽运)more blood than the othersAccording to Professor Robert Kormos，one of t11e researchers，these results could revolutionize heart treatmentAlthough previous studies had indicated that there might be a benefit，this is the first study that has actually proved that stem cell therapy can help the faili

22、ng heart work betterAll the patients in this study had hearts that could not pump blood properlyThe scientists measured their ejection fraction(射血分数)1t is a measure of heart performance；you measure how much blood is being pumped out by the left ventricle(心室).Healthy peoples ejection fraction is abou

23、t 55These patients had ejection fraction of under 35They a11 had by-pass surgery(搭桥手术)performed on themSome of the patients had stem cells taken from their hip bones and injected into 25-30 sites in the damaged heart muscle，Six months later their ejection fraction rate was 461while those who just ha

24、d surgery but no stem cell injections averaged 37 2No side effects were reposedHeart failure is a common problem all over the worldIn the UK alone about 650,000 people suffer from heart failure every yearAs the number of people suffering from heart failure increases in the world in general these fin

25、dings are particularly significantCurrent treatments relieve the symptomsThis new stem cell therapy actually repairs the damaged muscle in the heart and has the potential of curing the diseaseThe 20 patients had stem cell injections instead of surgeryARightBWrongCNot mentioned 7.27 One cannot 1ive_2

26、8 Dehydration may occur if there is a shortage of water_29 The amount of water your body needs per day is closely related_30 Dont forget to drink enough water even_ 8.第一篇 More Than a Ride to SchoolThe National Education Association claimsThe school bus is a mirror of the community They further add t

27、hat，unfortunately，what appears on the exterior does not always reflect the reality of a chosen community They are right-sometimes it reflects more!Just ask Liesl Denson Riding the school bus has been more than a ride to school for LieslBruce Hardy，school bus driver for Althouse Bus Company has been

28、LieslS bus driver since kindergartenLast year when LieslS family moved to Parkesburg，knowing her bus went by her new residence，she requested to ride the same bus.This year Liesl is a senior and will enjoy her last year riding the bus She says，It S been a great ride so far!My bus driver is SO coot an

29、d has always been a good friend and a good listenerSometimes when youre a child adults do not think that what you have to say is importantMrHardy always listens to what you have to say and makes you feel importantHer friends Ashley Batista and Amanda Wolfe agreeBruce Hardy has been making Octorara s

30、tudents feel special since 1975This year he will celebrate 30 years working for Althouse Bus CompanyLarry Althouse，president of the company acknowledges Bruce HardyS outstanding record：You do not come by employees like Bruce these daysHe has never missed a day of work and has a perfect driving recor

31、dHe was recognized in 2000 by the Pennsylvania School Bus Association for driving 350，000 accident free milesHardyS reputation is made further evident through the relationships he has made with the students that ride his busAlthouse further adds，Althouse Bus Company was established 70 years ago and

32、has been providing quality transportation ever sinceMy grandfather Started the business with one bus- Althouse Bus Company is dellghted to have the opportunity to bring distinctive and safe service to our local school and community and looks forward to continuing to provide quality service for many

33、more years to comeThree generations of business is not all the company has eoyedThanks to drivers like Bruce Hardy,they have been building relationships through generationsLieslS mother Carol also enjoys fond memories of riding Bruce HardyS bus to the Octorara School DistrictThe wordmirrorin the fir

34、st line could be best replaced byA vehicleBdeviceCneedDreflection 9.第三篇 Milk That Paid a Medieal BillOne day，a poor boy who was selling goods from door to door to pay his way through school found he had only one thin dime(10分钱)left，and he was hungryHe decided he would ask for a meal at the next hous

35、eHowever,he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the doorInstead of a meal he asked for a drink of waterShe thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milkHe drank it slowly，and then askedHow much do I owe you You dont owe me anythingshe repliedMother has taught us never

36、 to accept pay for a kindnessHe saidThen I thank you from my heartAs Howard Kelly left that house，he not only felt stronger physically，but his faith in God And man was strong also He had been ready to give up and quitYears later that young woman became critically i11The local doctors were baffled(感到

37、困惑)They finally sent her to the big city，where they called in specialists to study her rare diseaseDr Howard Kelly was called in for the consultation When he heard the name of the town she came froma strange light filled his eyesImmediately he rose and went down the hall of the hospital to her roomD

38、ressed in his doctors gown he went in to see herHe recognized her at once He went back to the consultation room determined to do his best to save her lifeFrom that day he gave special attention to the case After a long struggle，the battle was wonDrKelly requested the business office to pass the fina

39、l bill to him for approvalHe looked At it then wrote something on the edge and the bill was sent to her roomShe feared to open itfor she was sure it would take the rest of her lire to Pay for it all Finally she lookedand something Caught her attention on the side of the bill She read these words：Pai

40、d in full with one glass of milkTears of joy flooded her eyes as her happy heart prayed：Thank You，God，that Y0ur love has spread abroad through human hearts and handsThe boy sold goods from door to door becauseAhe wanted to help support his familyBhe needed money for school，Che had to pay back a stud

41、ent loanDhe did not have enough pocket money 10.第二篇 Diabetes(糖屎病)and Eye Damage0vet 2 million Canadians have diabetesIt is the leading cause of blindness in North Americans under 65 years of age Diabetes is a condition where the body either cannot produce enough insulin(胰岛素)or cannot respond properl

42、y to insulinInsulin is important because it moves glucose(葡萄糖)，a simple sugarinto the bodyS cells from the bloodThe food people eat provides the body with glucose，which is used by the cells as a source of energyIf insulin isnt available or doesnt work correctly to move glucose from the blood into th

43、e cells，glucose will stay in the blood，leading to high blood sugar levelsHigh blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels，including the tiny blood vessels in the eyeThis leads to an eye disease known as diabetic retinopathy(糖尿病型视网膜病)The retina (视网膜)is an area at the back of the eye that changes ligh

44、t into nerve signalsWith diabetic retinopathy，some blood vessels in the retina are lost，and some of the other blood vessels begin toleakblood This causes the retina to swelland gradually cuts off its supply of oxygen and nutrients(滋养物)Eventually，the retina starts to grow new blood vessels to replace

45、 the damaged onesUnfortunately，these new vessels are not as strong as the old ones They are more likely to break，causing bleeding in the eyeAt first，people with diabetic retinopathy will not notice any symptomsAs the disease gets worse，they may notice blurred(模糊的)vision，black spots or flashing light

46、sAs time goes on，it Can progress to blindness Everyone with diabetes is at risk for diabetic retinopathy，and the risk increases the longer youve had diabetesFortunately，you can reduce your risk If you do not have diabetes，but think you may be at risk for this conditionvisit your doctor to be screene

47、d for diabetesIf you d0 have diabetes：Have frequent eye check-upsMake sure that you monitor your blood sugar frequently and use your medications as recommended by your doctor There is evidence to show that keeping your blood sugar under tight control can slow down eye damageIf you have high blood pressure，follow your recommended diet and medications to keep it under controlIf you are not sure