2021年山东职称英语考试考前冲刺卷（2）.docx

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1、2021年山东职称英语考试考前冲刺卷（2）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。The Development of Rubber Here is the story of rubber. From the earliest time it was common knowledge U (51) /U the Peruvians that when a cut was made in the outside skin

2、 of a rubber tree, a white liquid U (52) /U milk came out, and that U (53) /U this a sticky (粘的) mass of rubber might be made. This rubber is soft when warm, so that it is possible to give it any U (54) /U. The Peruvians made the U (55) /U that it was very good for keeping out the wet. Then in the e

3、arly 1800s, the Americans made use of it for the first time. First they made overshoes to U (56) /U their feet dry. Then came a certain Mr. Mackintosh, who made coats of cloth covered with natural rubber. From that day to this we have been coating cloth with rubber as Mr. Mackintosh U (57) /U, and o

4、ur raincoats are still named after him. But these first rubber overshoes and raincoats were all soft and sticky in summer, and U (58) /U and inelastic (无弹性的) in the winter when it was col D. But the rubber we have today is soft and elastic (有弹性的), U (59) /U very strong m even in the warmest summer a

5、nd the coldest winter. This was made U (60) /U by a man called Goodyear. After many U (61) /U, he found that nitric acid (硝酸) made the rubber much better, but it is not hard and strong enough. Then a strange thing took U (62) /U. A friend of his, Nicholas Hayward, had the idea in his sleep that rubb

6、er might be made hard and strong if mixed with sulfur (硫磺) and put in the sun. Goodyear put this idea U (63) /U the test, and saw that it did have more or less the desired effect though somewhat less than more. The only effect it had was on the outside of the rubber. It is common knowledge now that

7、the U (64) /U to make rubber hard and strong is by heating it with sulfur. It took Goodyear four more years to find this metho D. When at last he did it, he had U (65) /U at all. Everything of the smallest value had been used to get money, even his sons school-books. AformBplaceCshapeDsize 2.下面的短文有1

8、5处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。The Development of Rubber Here is the story of rubber. From the earliest time it was common knowledge U (51) /U the Peruvians that when a cut was made in the outside skin of a rubber tree, a white liquid U (52) /U milk came out, and that U (53) /U this a sticky (粘的) mass of

9、 rubber might be made. This rubber is soft when warm, so that it is possible to give it any U (54) /U. The Peruvians made the U (55) /U that it was very good for keeping out the wet. Then in the early 1800s, the Americans made use of it for the first time. First they made overshoes to U (56) /U thei

10、r feet dry. Then came a certain Mr. Mackintosh, who made coats of cloth covered with natural rubber. From that day to this we have been coating cloth with rubber as Mr. Mackintosh U (57) /U, and our raincoats are still named after him. But these first rubber overshoes and raincoats were all soft and

11、 sticky in summer, and U (58) /U and inelastic (无弹性的) in the winter when it was col D. But the rubber we have today is soft and elastic (有弹性的), U (59) /U very strong m even in the warmest summer and the coldest winter. This was made U (60) /U by a man called Goodyear. After many U (61) /U, he found

12、that nitric acid (硝酸) made the rubber much better, but it is not hard and strong enough. Then a strange thing took U (62) /U. A friend of his, Nicholas Hayward, had the idea in his sleep that rubber might be made hard and strong if mixed with sulfur (硫磺) and put in the sun. Goodyear put this idea U

13、(63) /U the test, and saw that it did have more or less the desired effect though somewhat less than more. The only effect it had was on the outside of the rubber. It is common knowledge now that the U (64) /U to make rubber hard and strong is by heating it with sulfur. It took Goodyear four more ye

14、ars to find this metho D. When at last he did it, he had U (65) /U at all. Everything of the smallest value had been used to get money, even his sons school-books. AonBtoCinDwith 3.下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。The Development of Rubber Here is the story of rubber. From the earliest time it was c

15、ommon knowledge U (51) /U the Peruvians that when a cut was made in the outside skin of a rubber tree, a white liquid U (52) /U milk came out, and that U (53) /U this a sticky (粘的) mass of rubber might be made. This rubber is soft when warm, so that it is possible to give it any U (54) /U. The Peruv

16、ians made the U (55) /U that it was very good for keeping out the wet. Then in the early 1800s, the Americans made use of it for the first time. First they made overshoes to U (56) /U their feet dry. Then came a certain Mr. Mackintosh, who made coats of cloth covered with natural rubber. From that d

17、ay to this we have been coating cloth with rubber as Mr. Mackintosh U (57) /U, and our raincoats are still named after him. But these first rubber overshoes and raincoats were all soft and sticky in summer, and U (58) /U and inelastic (无弹性的) in the winter when it was col D. But the rubber we have to

18、day is soft and elastic (有弹性的), U (59) /U very strong m even in the warmest summer and the coldest winter. This was made U (60) /U by a man called Goodyear. After many U (61) /U, he found that nitric acid (硝酸) made the rubber much better, but it is not hard and strong enough. Then a strange thing to

19、ok U (62) /U. A friend of his, Nicholas Hayward, had the idea in his sleep that rubber might be made hard and strong if mixed with sulfur (硫磺) and put in the sun. Goodyear put this idea U (63) /U the test, and saw that it did have more or less the desired effect though somewhat less than more. The o

20、nly effect it had was on the outside of the rubber. It is common knowledge now that the U (64) /U to make rubber hard and strong is by heating it with sulfur. It took Goodyear four more years to find this metho D. When at last he did it, he had U (65) /U at all. Everything of the smallest value had

21、been used to get money, even his sons school-books. AsystemBstyleCwayDdirection 4.下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。The Development of Rubber Here is the story of rubber. From the earliest time it was common knowledge U (51) /U the Peruvians that when a cut was made in the outside skin of a rubber tr

22、ee, a white liquid U (52) /U milk came out, and that U (53) /U this a sticky (粘的) mass of rubber might be made. This rubber is soft when warm, so that it is possible to give it any U (54) /U. The Peruvians made the U (55) /U that it was very good for keeping out the wet. Then in the early 1800s, the

23、 Americans made use of it for the first time. First they made overshoes to U (56) /U their feet dry. Then came a certain Mr. Mackintosh, who made coats of cloth covered with natural rubber. From that day to this we have been coating cloth with rubber as Mr. Mackintosh U (57) /U, and our raincoats ar

24、e still named after him. But these first rubber overshoes and raincoats were all soft and sticky in summer, and U (58) /U and inelastic (无弹性的) in the winter when it was col D. But the rubber we have today is soft and elastic (有弹性的), U (59) /U very strong m even in the warmest summer and the coldest

25、winter. This was made U (60) /U by a man called Goodyear. After many U (61) /U, he found that nitric acid (硝酸) made the rubber much better, but it is not hard and strong enough. Then a strange thing took U (62) /U. A friend of his, Nicholas Hayward, had the idea in his sleep that rubber might be mad

26、e hard and strong if mixed with sulfur (硫磺) and put in the sun. Goodyear put this idea U (63) /U the test, and saw that it did have more or less the desired effect though somewhat less than more. The only effect it had was on the outside of the rubber. It is common knowledge now that the U (64) /U t

27、o make rubber hard and strong is by heating it with sulfur. It took Goodyear four more years to find this metho D. When at last he did it, he had U (65) /U at all. Everything of the smallest value had been used to get money, even his sons school-books. AeverythingBanythingCnothingDsomething 5. 阅读下面这

28、篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。 BBasic Research Vs. Applied Research/B Why does the Foundation concentrate its support on basic rather than applied research Basic research is the very heart of science, and its cumulative product is the capital of scientific progress, a capital that must be constant

29、ly increased as the demands upon its rise. The goal of basic research is understanding for its own sake. Understanding of the structure of the atom or the nerve cell, the explosion of a spiral nebula (螺旋星) or the distribution of cosmic dust, the causes of earthquakes and droughts, or of man as a beh

30、aving creature and of the social forces that are created whenever two of more human beings come into contact with one anotherthe scope is staggering, but the commitment to truth is the same. If the commitment were to a particular result, conflicting evidence might be overlooked or, with the best wil

31、l in the world, simply not appreciated. Moreover, the practical applications of basic research frequently cannot be anticipated. When Roentgen, the physicist, discovered X-rays, he had no idea of their usefulness to medicine. Applied research, undertaken to solve specific practical problems, has an

32、immediate attractiveness because the results can be seen and enjoyed. For practical reasons, the sums spent on applied research in any country always far exceed those for basic research, and the proportions are more unequal in the less developed countries. Leaving aside the funds devoted to research

33、 by industrywhich is naturally far more concerned with applied aspects because these profits quicklythe funds the U.S. Government allots to basic research currently amount to about seven percent of its overall research and developments funds. Unless adequate safeguards are provided, applied research

34、 invariably tends to drive out basic. Then, so Dr. Waterman has pointed out, development will inevitably be undertaken prematurely(过早的), career incentives will gravitate strongly toward applied science, and the opportunities for making major scientific discoveries will be lost. Unfortunately, pressu

35、res to emphasize new developments, without corresponding emphasis upon pure science. Tend to degrade the quality of the nations technology in the long run, rather than to improve it. X-rays used in medical researches belong to the scope of basic research.AA. RightBB. WrongCC. Not mentioned 6. 下面有3篇短

36、文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文，并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。 B第一篇/BBThe treasure/B Locked away in a vault underneath the presidential palace in Kabul is a priceless treasure which is at the mercy of the American bombardment and the Talebans spite and greed. Art experts want the UN to rescue this 2, 1

37、00-year-old hoard of gold antiquities, called the Treasure of Bactria, before it is destroyed or the Tableban melt it down. What is remarkable is that the 20,000 or more gold statues, necklaces and ornaments set with precious stones have survived for so long in a city scarred by years of war. Rumors

38、 swirl around the bazaars of the capital about what the Taleban has done with the treasure, which was excavated from a royal burial site in northern Afghanistan by a Soviet team during the Soviet Unions occupation. The team described how the 20,000 gold pieces included statues, necklaces, dress orna

39、ments, hairpins and buckles deco rated with precious stones. There were also plaques decorated with jewels and a crown covered in pearls and turquoise. The treasure survived until its excavation in 1978. After that, the countrys former President Najibullah, sealed it in many trunks and hid them in a

40、 vault and protected by a steel door shut by seven locks with keys held by seven different people. At least three of the key holders are now dead, Mr. Najibullah included. Another popular fable circulating in Kabul is that the Russians have a duplicate set of the seven keys. Others claim that a trai

41、tor team of Soviet troops broke into the vault in the last hours before they abandoned Kabul and replaced some of the treasures with fakes. Now all anyone can say for sure is that the treasure was last seen and inspected by international archaeologists in 1993. when the safe was opened to clarify ru

42、mors that the Afghans had sold it. UNESCO says that it has given the Americans a map so that its bombers can avoid vital cultural sites, which include the vault in the presidential palace and other places, where other museum treasures are stored. There are many in Kabul who say the Taleban have alre

43、ady handed the treasure to Osama Bin Laden. Robert Kluyver, of the Society for the Preservation of Afghanistans Cultural Heritage, was told recently that Bin Laden had arranged for it to be smuggled across the mountains to Pakistan in March where dealers awaited his orders to sell it. What is specia

44、l about the treasuresAThere are many gold ornaments decorated with precious stones.BThese treasures have survived continual wars in such a place.CThese treasures have suffered from American bombing.DThese treasures were found by some military troops. 7.BShopping online/B Internet retailer AMAZON. CO

45、M on Wednesday released a rare and revealing peek at its customers shopping habits, taken from a September e-mail poll of 2,072 customers of its French, German and United kingdom sites. The company said the research was done in the name of improving customer service. We have to learn from the nuance

46、s and idiosyncrasies of each nations shopping habits to see how we can serve our customers better this Christmas, said Robin Terrell, managing director of Amazon. co. uk. The findings paint a unique picture of the shopping habits of the worlds largest online retailer, plus their motivation and preferences. For instance, the round-the-clock convenience of e-commerce ranked above price as the prime motivating factor for online shoppers, the company said. And more purchases are made from home than work. According to the p