2021广东在职攻读硕士联考考试考前冲刺卷（1）.docx

《2021广东在职攻读硕士联考考试考前冲刺卷（1）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2021广东在职攻读硕士联考考试考前冲刺卷（1）.docx（68页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2021广东在职攻读硕士联考考试考前冲刺卷（1）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.计算机的操作系统软件日益标准化。但当一大公司处于多重连接系统的每一台计算机都使用同一种操作系统软件时，一个进入一台计算机的计算机破坏者，就会自动地访问所有的计算机，使用一种叫做“病毒”的程序，破坏者可以破坏掉所有计算机中的许多数据，如果这样的公司在它的操作系统软件中做一些微小的变化，实际上就可消除在同一时间未经授权就可访问所有计算机的现象。并且，在操作系统软件上所做的改变并不会使公司的计算机的兼容

2、性受损。因此实施这样的改变对公司来说是可取的。 下面哪一点，如果正确的话，能支持文中的结论A计算机操作系统软件的标准化已使不同公司之间的计算机的兼容性增加。B改正由于计算机病毒程序入侵而造成的破坏的费用要比预防它昂贵得多。C对一个公司来说，维持不兼容的计算机操作系统的代价不高。D有其他类型的不依赖于计算机相互连接的破坏性计算机程序。E并不是所有的公司都需要在他们内部的计算机之间共享数据。2.一经济管理杂志刊登的文章提出：在对外经济交往中不能一味好让不争。在必要的时候，我们也要用“反倾销”器来保护自己。 除哪项以外，下面都是对上述观点的进一步论述A一些国家频频对我国的某些产品提出“反倾销”，而我

3、们却常常把市场拱手让人。B某外国公司卖的某商品的价格远远低于专家推算的成本价。C“反倾销”是一把双刃剑，可能影响我国的商品出口。D某外国公司计划用高额的代价取得在我国彩电市场上的绝对优势。E我国要加速制订“反倾销”的有关法律、法规，并形成保护自身的群体意识。3.英国商务部最近限制从两个国家进口机床设备，这两个国家过去一直有大量的机床设备出口英国。由于有了这些限制，贸易行业分析员预言，英国本土制造的机床设备在国内的销量必定很快就会开始大幅度增加。 下面哪一项如果为真，最有可能导致分析员的预言不准确A如果获得通过，就会挫伤对机床等主要设备投资的积极性，因此有关新税法正在被研究，英国国会也已经在辩论

4、该法案了。B和其他机床设备相比，在过去的一年里，占机床设备销量80%的用于切割金属的机床设备的英国公司的订单数量增长得更快。C在过去的一年里，英国本土制造的机床设备的全世界订单数量下降了至少20%。D外国制造的机床设备在过去的一年里在英国仍然有数量巨大的存货。E许多国家工业部门的公司在过去的一年里显示出了对机床设备的巨大需求。4.古巴一名医生着手对人大脑缺乏多巴胺的现象是否是导致帕金森疾病的病因问题进行研究。该医生把多巴胺注射进患有帕金森的病人的血液中，结果该病人的病情既没有恶化也没有改善。该医生由此总结说，导致帕金森疾病的病因必定不是由于多巴胺缺乏而是由于其他原因。 下面哪一项如果为真，能对

5、上文中医生的结论构成最有力的质疑A帕金森疾病导致患者的大脑比正常情况少分泌多巴胺这种物质。B最近的研究成果表明被注射进血液的多巴胺不能进入人的大脑部位。C研究表明多巴胺经常导致除了帕金森之外的其他疾病。D实验室人工合成用于注射的多巴胺在分子水平上和人大脑自身合成的多巴胺是一样的。E研究表明许多不同的化学物质之间的相互作用影响着大脑的生理活动。5.中非的远古猎人利用V型的高墙结构把有蹄四足动物驱赶到V型结构的顶部来俘获猎物。中非人的这种打猎技巧很可能是从入侵中非的西非人那里学来的。因为，很早已经普遍使用类似的V型结构来打猎的西非人侵入中非的事件和在中非开始出现建造这种结构的事件几乎是同时发生的。

6、 下面哪一项，如果为真，最能加强原文中的推理A对中非地区的挖掘考古没有发现入侵中非的西非人在中非永久居住的证据。B在中非的V型结构的长度大约是60米，而在西非这种结构的长度通常有400米。C建造V型结构的材料在中非用的是泥土，而在西非用的木料。D在中非最早出现的V型高墙结构是在设计上很先进的那种。E西非的一些用于打猎的V型高墙结构是在中非最早出现这种结构之后建造的。6.20世纪80年代无家可归的人数的剧增不能归因于将精神病患者从医院推向“社区护理”，尽管大部分对这种社区护理的供给是确实不存在的。 下面哪个，如果正确，最能支持以上结论A把精神病患者请出医院的政策依据于这样的假设，即一种新研制的药

7、物可以使他们的病情得到控制。B没有医院的监督，那些病情可以由药物得到控制的患者可能不会真正遵医嘱进药。C20世纪80年代确实存在针对精神病人的社区护理计划，但主要是由一些针对门诊病人的诊所组成。D在20世纪60年代就采取了把大量精神病人遣送出医院的做法。E在大城市总有一些人无家可归。7.随着地球表面遭受紫外线辐射强度的增加，全球的青蛙的数量最近几年在一直下降。青蛙产的卵如果暴露在紫外线辐射中，那么其中的一些基因物质会受到破坏。青蛙卵的外表主要由凝胶覆盖，没有受到壳和皮质等东西的保护。因此，青蛙数量下降的原因很可能，至少部分，是由于紫外线辐射的增加。 下面哪一项，如果内容属实，最有力的支持原文的

8、推理A即使在那些没有紫外线辐射增加的地区，也只有一小部分产下的青蛙卵被孵化出来。B在青蛙数量下降程度最小的地区，青蛙为食的那些昆虫们的数量也在下降。C数量持续下降的青蛙产下的卵中的杀虫剂含量比数量没有下降的青蛙产下的卵中要高。D在许多地方和青蛙生活在一起的乌龟的数量也在下降，而乌龟蛋覆盖着坚硬的皮质。E将产下的卵藏在岩石和沙土中的青蛙们的数量比起没有把卵用任何东西覆盖的青蛙们下降的幅度要小地多得多。8.核聚变是这样一个过程：原子核聚合或被“熔化”，并且在这个过程中释放出能量，聚变的副产品之一是氦气。最近用包含在一密封烧瓶里的“重”水进行了一聚变试验，烧瓶放在一个充满空气的单间里，以消除外来振动

9、。试验之后，在单问的空气里可以测量到氦-4气体。试验者以此证据支持他们的结论：核聚变已经完成。 下面哪一个如果正确，将对试验的结论提出强有力的质疑A氦-4不是试验的单间里发现的唯一气体。B当聚变完成时，通常产生几种包括氚和r射线的副产品。C发现在单间里的氦-4的量没有超过普通空气里的氦气量。D氦-4气体很快分解，在几个小时以后形成了普通的氦气。E核聚变反应的特征是释放大量的热。9.1980年以来，缅因州水域的龙虾捕获量下降了20%，这可合理地归咎于1972年通过的保护港湾海豹的法案。缅因州的港湾海豹数量现在是开始加以保护前的水平的2倍，而我们知道这些海豹是吃鱼和龙虾的。 下面哪个，如果正确，会

10、最严重地削弱以上的结论A港湾海豹通常更多地吃鱼而非龙虾，但海豹是鱼和龙虾的天然捕猎者。B虽然港湾海豹是有经验的龙虾捕猎者，它们很少把捕获物吃完。C港湾海豹吸引游客来缅因州的海湾地区，从而使当地经济重新充满活力。D1972年保护港湾海豹法案的作者相信，这种动物数量的增加不会给龙虾捕获量造成明显的负面作用。E20世纪70年代晚期龙虾创记录的捕获减少了大量可繁衍的成年龙虾数量。10.张珊一直是甲班学习成绩最差的学生，但此次期末考试各科成绩均及格。因此，甲班在此次期末考试中将不会有学生不及格。 以下哪项，如果为真，最能削弱上述论证A张珊此次期末考试各科的平均成绩不是甲班最差的。B张珊不是甲班学习成绩最

11、差的学生。C考试成绩不能成为评价学生的唯一标准。D甲班学生李思由于迷恋网络，学习成绩急剧下降。E甲班学生王武在此次期末考试中有一门课程不及格。11.现在，在房地产领域进行投资将是一项有利可图的商业活动。中国地产杂志的一项调查表明，该杂志读者中有89%的人正计划在最近几年购买第二套住宅。而对房地产业的研究显示，目前房地产业提供的住宅每年只能满足住宅需求的70%。下面哪一项如果为真，显示了上文中所引用证据的一个弱点A房地产是劳动密集型产业。B住宅建造者在全国范围内并不是均匀地分布在各地。C在过去的10年里，想购买第二套住宅的人的数量每年都一直在增加。D中国地产杂志的读者比大多数其他人更有可能想购买

12、第二套住宅。E住宅杂志在刊登有关如何建造第二套住宅的文章的同时，也刊登有关如何拥有第二套住宅的文章。12.一项对于黄金时间电视节目收视情况的调查结果表明，对于收视率相近的节目的质量，观众给予的评价却有很大的分歧。这一结果对广告公司可能很有价值，因为他们可能会因此而把广告费投在观众觉得质量高的节目上。 下面哪一项，如果为真，则最能支持上述关于“观众对收视率接近的电视节目质量的看法的信息对广告公司可能会很有价值”的主张A被观众普遍认为高质量的节目在全部被评节目中占有较大的比重。B被观众普遍认为高质量的节目通常是在经济台和教育台播出的。C电视观众比较经常地记得他们所喜欢的节目的赞助商的名字，而不怎么

13、记得那些他们认为没有什么特色的节目的赞助商的名字。D电视观众通常只有在新节目是伴随他们所熟悉的老节目出现时才会看新节目。E电视观众反映说电视广告的质量对于他们的购物习惯没有什么影响。13.风险资本家融资的初创公司比通过其他渠道融资的公司失败率要低。所以，与诸如企业家个人素质、战略规划质量或公司管理结构等因素相比，融资渠道对于初创公司的成功更为重要。 以下哪项，如果为真，最能削弱上述论证A风险资本家在决定是否为初创公司提供资金时，把该公司的企业家个人素质、战略规划质量和管理结构等作为主要的考虑因素。B作为取得成功的要素，初创公司的企业家个人素质比它的战略规划更为重要。C初创公司的倒闭率近年逐步下

14、降。D一般来讲，初创公司的管理结构不如发展中的公司完整。E风险资本家对初创公司的财务背景比其他融资渠道更为敏感。14.现在，在房地产领域进行投资将是一项有利可图的商业活动。中国地产杂志的一项调查表明，该杂志读者中有89%的人正计划在最近几年购买第二套住宅。而对房地产业的研究显示，目前房地产业提供的住宅每年只能满足住宅需求的70%。下面哪一项如果为真，将对上文的投资建议的正确性构成质疑A一些住宅的拥有者仅仅对第一套住宅感到满意。B购买住宅的人中大约有一半的人正在对他们购买的第一套住宅进行配套投资。C购买住宅的人中大约有一半的人为了购买第一套住宅而进行抵押贷款。D在刚开始的两个星期里，建造的住宅只

15、卖出了住宅总数的1/4。E那些宣称想拥有第二套住宅的人中仅仅只有1/4的人最后真的又买了一套住宅。15.已知数列的前n项和为Sn，则=_。A B C D不存在16.若与|b-1|互为相反数，则的值为_。A0B C D 17.已知是第三象限的角，且有，则sin2=_。A B C D 18.设an是正数数列，其前n项的和为Sn，且满足：对一切nZ+，an与2的等差中项等于Sn与2的等比中项，则an)的通项公式为_。Aan=n2+nBan=n2-nCan=3n-1Dan=4n-219.在由1、2、3、4、5构成的各位数字不同的三位数中，任取一个恰是偶数的概率为_。A B C D 20.半球内有一内接

16、正方体，则该半球的全面积与正方体的全面积之比为_。A B C D 21.设f(x)在0，2上连续，且f(x)+f(2-x)0，则=_。A B C D122.设f(x)的定义域是-1，0，则的定义域是_。A B-1,0 C D 23.圆锥的侧面展开图是一个半径为18cm，圆心角为240的扇形，则它的体积是_。A B240cm3 C D 24.向量组a1=(1，-1，2，4)T，a2=(0，3，1，2)T，a3=(3，0，7，14)T，a4=(1，-2，2，0)T，a5=(2，1，5，10)T的极大线性无关组不能是_。Aa1，a2，a4Ba2，a3，a4Ca1，a4，a5Da1，a3，a525.I

17、n the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence (AI) predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our housework. But as useful as computers are, they’re nowhere close to achieving anything remotely resembling thes

18、e early aspirations for humanlike behavior. Never mind something as complex as conversation: the most powerful computers struggle to reliably recognize the shape of an object, the most elementary of tasks for a ten-month-old kid.A growing group of AI researchers think they know where the field went

19、wrong. The problem, the scientists say, is that AI has been trying to separate the highest, most abstract levels of thought, like language and mathematics, and to duplicate them with logical, step-by-step programs. A new movement in AI, on the other hand, takes a closer look at the more roundabout w

20、ay in which nature came up with intelligence. Many of these researchers study evolution and natural adaptation instead of formal logic and conventional computer programs. Rather than digital computers and transistors, some want to work with brain cells and proteins. The results of these early effort

21、s are as promising as they are peculiar, and the new nature-based AI movement is slowly but surely moving to the forefront of the field.Imitating the brain’s neural (神经的) network is a huge step in the fight direction, says computer scientist and biophysicist Michael Conrad, but it still misses

22、 an important aspect of natural intelligence. People tend to treat the brain as if it were made up of color-coded transistors, he explains. But it’s not simply a clever network of switches. There are lots of important things going on inside the brain cells themselves. Specifically, Conrad beli

23、eves that many of the brain’s capabilities stem from the pattern-recognition proficiency of the individual molecules that make up each brain cell. The best way to build an artificially intelligent device, he claims, would be to build it around the same sort of molecular skills.Right now, the n

24、otion that conventional computers and software are fundamentally incapable of matching the processes that take place in the brain remains controversial. But if it proves true, then the efforts of Conrad and his fellow AI rebels could turn out to be the only game in town.The author says that the powe

25、rful computers of today （）A. are capable of reliably recognizing the shape of an objectB. are close to exhibiting humanlike behaviorC. are not very different in their performance from those of the 1950’sD. still cannot communicate with people in a human language26.Cars account for half the oil

26、 consumed in the U.S. , about half the urban pollution and one fourth the greenhouse (温室) gases. They take a similar toll of (损耗) resources in other industrial nations and in the cities of the developing world. As vehicle use continues to increase in the coming decade, the U.S. and other countries w

27、ill have to deal with these issues or else face unacceptable economic, health-related and political costs. It is unlikely that prices will remain at their current low level or that other nations will accept a large and growing U.S. contribution to global climatic change.Policymakers and industry hav

28、e four options: reduce vehicle use, increase the efficiency and reduce the emissions of conventional gasoline-powered vehicles, switch to less harmful fuels, or find less polluting driving systems. The last of thesein particular the introduction of vehicles powered by electricityis ultimately the on

29、ly sustainable option. The other alternatives are attractive in theory but in practice are either impractical or offer only marginal improvements. For example, reduced vehicle use could solve traffic problems and a host of social and environmental problems, but evidence from around the world suggest

30、s that it is very difficult to make people give up their cars to any significant extent. In the U.S. , mass-transit ridership and carpooling (合伙用车) have declined since World War . Even in western Europe, with fuel prices averaging more than 1 a liter (about 4 a gallon) and with easily accessible mas

31、s transit and dense populations, cars still account for 80 percent of all passenger travel.Improved energy efficiency is also appealing, but automotive fuel economy has barely made any progress in 10 years. Alternative fuels such as natural gas, burned in internal-combustion engines, could be introd

32、uced at relatively low cost, but they would lead to only marginal reductions in pollution and greenhouse emissions (especially because oil companies are already spending billions of dollars every year to develop less polluting types of gasoline).From the passage we know that the increased use of car

33、s will （）A. consume half of the oil produced in the worldB. have serious consequences for the well-being of all nationsC. widen the gap between the developed and developing countriesD. impose an intolerable economic burden on residents of large cities27.A nine-year-old schoolgirl single-handedly coo

34、ks up a science-fair experiment that ends up debunking (揭穿的真相) a widely practiced medical treatment. Emily Rosa’s target was a practice known as therapeutic (治疗的) touch (TT for short), whose advocates manipulate patients’ energy field to make them feel better and even, say some, to cure

35、them of various illness. Yet Emily’s test shows that these energy fields can’t be detected, even by trained TT practitioners (行医者). Obviously mindful of the publicity value of the situation, journal editor George Lundberg appeared on TV to declare, Age doesn’t matter. It’s go

36、od science that matters, and this is good science.Emily’s mother Linda Rosa, a registered nurse, has been campaigning against TT for nearly a decade. Linda first thought about TT in the late 1980s, when she learned it was on the approved list for continuing nursing education in Colorado. Its 1

37、00,000 trained practitioners (48,000 in the U.S. ) don’t even touch their patients. Instead, they waved their hands a few inches from the patient’s body, pushing energy fields around until they’re in balance. TT advocates say these manipulations can help heal wounds, relieve pain a

38、nd reduce fever. The claims are taken seriously enough that TT therapists are frequently hired by leading hospitals, at up to 70 an hour, to smooth patients’ energy, sometimes during surgery.Yet Rosa could not find any evidence that it works. To provide such proof, TT therapists would have to

39、sit down for independent testingsomething they haven’t been eager to do, even though James Randi has offered more than 1 million to anyone who can demonstrate the existence of a human energy field. (He’s had one taker so far. She failed.) A skeptic might conclude that TT practitioners ar

40、e afraid to lay their beliefs on the line. But who could turn down an innocent fourth-grader Says Emily, I think they didn’t take me very seriously because I’m a kid.The experiment was straightforward: 21 TT therapists stuck their hands, palms up, through a screen. Emily held her own han

41、d over one of theirsleft or rightand the practitioners had to say which hand it was. When the results were recorded, they’d done no better than they would have by simply guessing. If there was an energy field, they couldn’t feel it.Which of the following is evidence that TT is widely pra

42、cticed（）A. TT has been in existence for decadesB. Many patients were cured by therapeutic touchC. TT therapists are often employed by leading hospitalsD. More than 100,000 people are undergoing TT treatment28.The year 1400 opened with more peacefulness than usual in England. Only a few months before

43、, Richard , weak, wicked, and treacheroushad been deposed, and Henry declared king in his stead. But it was only a seeming peacefulness, lasting for but a little while; for though King Henry proved himself a just and a merciful manas justice and mercy went with the men of iron of those daysand thoug

44、h he did not care to shed blood needlessly, there were many noble families who had been benefited by King Richard during his reign, and who had lost somewhat of their power and prestige from the coming in of the new king.Among these were a number of great lords who had been degraded from their forme

45、r titles and estates, from which degradation King Richard had lifted them. They planned to fall upon King Henry and his followers and to massacre them during a great tournament which was being held at Oxford. And they might have succeeded had not one of their own members betrayed them.But Henry did

46、not appear at the lists, whereupon, knowing that he had been lodging at Windsor with only a few attendants, the conspirators marched there against him. In the meantime, the king had been warned of the plot, so that instead of finding him in the royal castle, they discovered through their scouts that

47、 he had hurried to London, and that he was marching against them at the head of a considerable army. So nothing was left but fight. One and another, they were all caught and some killed. Those few who found friends faithful and bold enough to afford them shelter dragged those friends down in their own ruin.What does the author seem to think of King Henry（）A. He was the best king England had ever hadB. He was unfair and cowardlyC. He was just as evil as King RichardD. He was a better ruler than King Richard29.What might driving on an automated hi