2021湖南职称英语考试真题卷（3）.docx

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1、2021湖南职称英语考试真题卷（3）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Americans Get Touchy 2.The Ideal Husband 3.Immigration and Problems 4.Emotions 5.Will Hillary Be the Next American President 6.Americans Get Touchy 7.The Ideal Husband 8.Immigration and Problems 9.Emotions

2、10.Will Hillary Be the Next American President 11.Americans Get Touchy 12.The Ideal Husband 13.Will Hillary Be the Next American President 14.Emotions 15.Americans Get Touchy 16.Will Hillary Be the Next American President 17.Emotions 18.The Ideal Husband 19.The Ideal Husband 20.The Ideal Husband 21.

3、The Ideal Husband 22.The Ideal Husband 23.The Ideal Husband 24.The Ideal Husband 25.The Ideal Husband 26.The Ideal Husband 27.The Ideal Husband 28.The Ideal Husband 29.下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断，如果该句提的是正确信息， 请选择A；如果该句提的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 Why is the Native Language Learnt So Well

4、 How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well When we compare them with adults learning a foreign language, we often find this interesting fact. A little child without knowledge or experience often succeeds in a complete mastery(精通) of the language. A grown-up person with fully

5、 developed mental powers, in most case, may end up with a faulty and inexact command(掌握). What accounts for this difference Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. In the first place, the time of lea

6、rning the mother tongue is the most favorable of all, namely, the first years of life. A child hears it spoken from morning till night and, what is more important, always in its genuine form, with the right pronunciation, right intonation, right use of words and right structure. He drinks in(吸引) all

7、 the words and expressions, which come to him in a flash, ever-bubbling(冒泡的) spring. There is no resistance: there is perfect assimilation. Then the child has, as it were, private lessons all the year round, while an adult language-student has each week a limited number of hours, which he generally

8、shares with others. The child has another advantage : he hears the language in all possible situations, always accompanied by the right kind of gestures and facial expressions. Here there is nothing unnatural, such as it is often found in language lessons in schools, when one talks about ice and sno

9、w in June or scorching heat in January. And what a child hears is generally what immediately interests him. Again and again, when his attempts at speech are successful, his desires are understood and fulfilled. Finally, though a childs teachers may not have been trained in language teaching, their r

10、elations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy. Compared with adults learning a foreign language, children learn their native language with ease. AA. RightBB. WrongCC. Not mentioned 30.B第二篇/B Pushbike Peril Low speed bicycle crashes can badly injure

11、 or even kill children if they fall onto the ends of the handlebars (车把) so a team of engineers is redesigning the humble handlebar in a bid to make it safer. Kristy Arbogast, a bioengineer at the Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania, began the project with her colleagues after a study

12、 of serious abdominal(腹部的) injuries in children in the past 30 years showed that more than a third were caused by bicycle accidents. the task was to identify how the injuries occurred and come up with some countermeasures(对策). she says. By interviewing the children and their parents, Arbogast and he

13、r team were able to reconstruct(重建; 重构) many of the accidents and identified a common mechanism responsible for serious injures. They discovered that most occur when children hit an obstacle at a slow speed, causing them to topple over. To maintain their balance they turn the handlebars through 90 d

14、egrees but their momentum (冲力) forces them into the end of the handlebars The bike then falls over and the other end of the handlebars hits the ground, ramming it into their abdomen. The solution the group came up with is a handgrip(握柄) fitted with a spring and damping(制动的; 减速的，缓冲的) system. The spri

15、ng absorbs up to 50 per cent of the forces transmitted through the handlebars in an impact, The group hopes to commercialize(使商品化) the device, which should add only a few dollars to the cost of a bike. But our task has been one of education because up until now, bicycle manufacturer were unaware of

16、the problem, says Arbogast. The team has also approached the US Consumer Product Safety Commission to try to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design. A decision is expected later this year. According to the passage, some engineers are trying to improve the handlebars because Athey are not nob

17、le enough.Bthey may kill children.Cthey are likely to crash.Dthey make the bike move at a low speed. 31.下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。B第一篇/B Goal of American Education Education is all enormous and expensive part of American life. Its size is matched by its variety. Differences in American s

18、chools compared with those found in the majority of other countries lie in the fact that education here has long been intended for everyone not just for a privileged(享有特权的) elite(精英). Schools are expected to meet the needs of every child, regardless of ability, and also the needs of society itself.

19、This means that public schools offer more than academic subjects. It surprises many people when they come here to find high schools offering such courses as typing, sewing, radio repair, computer programming or driver training, along with traditional academic subjects such as mathematics, history, a

20、nd languages. Students choose their curricula depending on their interests, future goals, and level of ability. The underlying goal of American education is to develop every child to the utmost of his or her own possibilities, and to give each one a sense of civic(公民的)and community consciousness. Sc

21、hools have traditionally played an important role in creating national unity and Americanizing the millions of immigrants who have poured into this country from many different backgrounds and origins. Schools still play a large role in the community, especially in the small towns. The approach to te

22、aching may seem unfamiliar to many, not only because it is informal, but also because there is not much emphasis on learning facts. Instead, Americans try to teach their children to think for themselves and to develop their own intellectual and creative abilities. Students spend much time, learning

23、how to use resource materials, libraries, statistics and computers. Americans believe that if children are taught to reason well and to research wei1, they will be able to find whatever facts they need throughout the rest of their lives. Knowing how to solve problems is considered more important tha

24、n the accumulation (积聚) of facts. This is Americas answer to the searching question that thoughtful parents all over the world are asking themselves in the fast-moving time: How can one prepare todays child for a tomorrow that one can neither predict nor understand Which of the following best states

25、 the goal of American education ATo teach every learner some practical skills.BTo provide every learner with rich knowledge.CTo give every student the opportunity to fully develop his/her ability.DTo train every student to be a responsible citizen. 32.B第三篇/B Common Problems, Common Solutions The cha

26、nces are that you made up your mind about smoking a long time ago and decided its not for you. The chances are equally good that you know a lot of smokers there are, after all about 60 million of them, work with them, and get along with them very well. And finally its a pretty safe bet that youre op

27、en-minded and interested in all the various issues about smokers and non-smokers or you wouldnt be reading this. And those three things make you incredibly(难以置信的) important today. Because they mean that yours is the voice not the smokers and not the anti-smokers that will determine how much of socie

28、tys efforts should go into building walls that separate us and how much into the search for solutions that bring us together. For one tragic result of the emphasis on building walls is the diversion(转移) of millions of dollars from scientific research on the causes and cures of diseases which, when a

29、ll is said and done, still strike the nonsmoker as well as the smoker. One prominent(卓越的) health organization, to cite(引证) but a single instance, now spends 28 cents of every publicly contributed dollar on education (much of it in antismoking propaganda)and only 2 cents on research. There will alway

30、s be some who want to build wails, who want to separate people from people, and up to a point, even these may serve society. The anti-smoking wall-builders have, to give them their due, helped to make us all more keenly aware of choice. But our guess, and certainly our hope, is that you are among th

31、e far greatest number who know that walls are only temporary(暂时的) at best, and that over the long run, we can serve societys interest better by working together in mutual accommodation. Whatever virtue walls may have, they can never move our society toward fundamental solutions. People who work toge

32、ther on common problems, common solutions, can. What does the word wall used in the passage mean AAnti-smoking propaganda.BDiseases striking nonsmokers as well as smokers.CRules and regulations that prohibit smoking.DSeparation of smokers from nonsmokers. 33.B第二篇/B Pushbike Peril Low speed bicycle c

33、rashes can badly injure or even kill children if they fall onto the ends of the handlebars (车把) so a team of engineers is redesigning the humble handlebar in a bid to make it safer. Kristy Arbogast, a bioengineer at the Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania, began the project with her c

34、olleagues after a study of serious abdominal(腹部的) injuries in children in the past 30 years showed that more than a third were caused by bicycle accidents. the task was to identify how the injuries occurred and come up with some countermeasures(对策). she says. By interviewing the children and their p

35、arents, Arbogast and her team were able to reconstruct(重建; 重构) many of the accidents and identified a common mechanism responsible for serious injures. They discovered that most occur when children hit an obstacle at a slow speed, causing them to topple over. To maintain their balance they turn the

36、handlebars through 90 degrees but their momentum (冲力) forces them into the end of the handlebars The bike then falls over and the other end of the handlebars hits the ground, ramming it into their abdomen. The solution the group came up with is a handgrip(握柄) fitted with a spring and damping(制动的; 减速

37、的，缓冲的) system. The spring absorbs up to 50 per cent of the forces transmitted through the handlebars in an impact, The group hopes to commercialize(使商品化) the device, which should add only a few dollars to the cost of a bike. But our task has been one of education because up until now, bicycle manufa

38、cturer were unaware of the problem, says Arbogast. The team has also approached the US Consumer Product Safety Commission to try to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design. A decision is expected later this year. In paragraph 2, the author mentions a study of serious abdominal injuries Ato di

39、scuss how abdominal injuries in children occur.Bto show that more than a third injuries were caused by bicycle accidents.Cto point out what the countermeasures can he.Dto tell us why Kristy Arbogast began the project. 34.下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断，如果该句提的是正确信息， 请选择A；如果该句提的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息句的信息文

40、中没有提及，请选择C。 Why is the Native Language Learnt So Well How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well When we compare them with adults learning a foreign language, we often find this interesting fact. A little child without knowledge or experience often succeeds in a complete mast

41、ery(精通) of the language. A grown-up person with fully developed mental powers, in most case, may end up with a faulty and inexact command(掌握). What accounts for this difference Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the p

42、eople around him. In the first place, the time of learning the mother tongue is the most favorable of all, namely, the first years of life. A child hears it spoken from morning till night and, what is more important, always in its genuine form, with the right pronunciation, right intonation, right u

43、se of words and right structure. He drinks in(吸引) all the words and expressions, which come to him in a flash, ever-bubbling(冒泡的) spring. There is no resistance: there is perfect assimilation. Then the child has, as it were, private lessons all the year round, while an adult language-student has eac

44、h week a limited number of hours, which he generally shares with others. The child has another advantage : he hears the language in all possible situations, always accompanied by the right kind of gestures and facial expressions. Here there is nothing unnatural, such as it is often found in language

45、 lessons in schools, when one talks about ice and snow in June or scorching heat in January. And what a child hears is generally what immediately interests him. Again and again, when his attempts at speech are successful, his desires are understood and fulfilled. Finally, though a childs teachers ma

46、y not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy. Adults knowledge and mental powers hinder their complete mastery of a foreign language. AA. RightBB. WrongCC. Not mentioned 35.下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。B第一篇/B Goal of American Education Education is all enormous and expensive part of American life. Its size is matched by its variety. Differences in American schools compared with those found in the majority of oth