三大从句复习.ppt

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1、三大从句三大从句2011 2012 2013 定语从句定语从句 15 15 16状语从句状语从句 15 17 12主语从句主语从句 4 7 6宾语从句宾语从句 4 54同位语从句同位语从句 3 40表语从句表语从句 2 01464440三大从句的考查历年都是高考的重点，关联词的选择是三大从句的考查历年都是高考的重点，关联词的选择是高考的主要考点，高考的主要考点，定语从句中对定语从句中对whichwhich的考查，的考查，宾语从句中对宾语从句中对whatwhat和和thatthat的考查，的考查，以及对以及对让步让步、时间时间和和条件条件状语从句的考查是重中之重。状语从句的考查是重中之重。 高考

2、命题的高考命题的8大热点大热点定语从句中定语从句中which的考查的考查 1(2013江苏高考江苏高考)The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, _ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.Awhere Bwhich Cwhat Dwhen2(2013安徽高考安徽高考)Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, _ made one of the Chinese peoples

3、longheld dreams come true.Ait Bthat Cwhat Dwhichwhichwhich既可引导限制性定语从句也可引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语既可引导限制性定语从句也可引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，高考中的考查重点是或表语，高考中的考查重点是whichwhich在非限制性定语从句中的应用。在非限制性定语从句中的应用。whichwhich引导非限制引导非限制性定语从句时，常代指整个主句。性定语从句时，常代指整个主句。1(2013新课标全国卷新课标全国卷)When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the

4、house _ I would be staying.Awhat Bwhen Cwhere Dwhich2(2013江西高考江西高考)He wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.Awhat Bwhich Cwhere Dhow定语从句中定语从句中where的考查的考查 3(2012重庆高考重庆高考)Sales director is a position _ communication ability is just as important as sales.Awhich Bthat Cwhen DWh

5、erewhere引导定语从句时，在从句中作状语，主要有以下两引导定语从句时，在从句中作状语，主要有以下两种情况：种情况：(1)表示具体的地点表示具体的地点Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet where life has developed gradually.(2)表示模糊的地点和抽象意义的地点表示模糊的地点和抽象意义的地点(常见的先行词有常见的先行词有race, job, activity, case, situation, point, position, stage, degr

6、ee等等)，但这些词在从句中作主语或宾语时但这些词在从句中作主语或宾语时用用that/which。名词性从句中名词性从句中what的考查的考查 1(2013新课标全国卷新课标全国卷)Police have found _ appears to be the lost ancient statue.Awhich Bwhere Chow Dwhat2(2013北京高考北京高考)_ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.AThat BWhat CWho DWhichwhat引导名词性从句时表

7、示引导名词性从句时表示“所有所有的事物的事物/东东西，凡是西，凡是的事物的事物”，充当从句的，充当从句的主语、宾语、主语、宾语、表语或定语。表语或定语。The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of what others actually understand. (what在从句中作在从句中作宾语宾语) (2011上海高考上海高考)Making mistakes is a part of life. What matters is what you do afterwards.名词性从句中

8、名词性从句中that的考查的考查 1(2013山东高考山东高考)Its good to know _ the dogs will be well cared for while were away.Awhat Bwhose Cwhich Dthat2(2012北京高考北京高考)Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he could have expressed it differently.Awhy Bhow Cthat Dwhetherthat引导名词性从句时，没有词义，不作句子的任何成引导名词性从句时，没有词义，不作句子的任何

9、成分，只起连接词的作用。分，只起连接词的作用。名词性从句中名词性从句中what与与that的比较的比较 1(2013四川高考四川高考)_ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.AWhen BHow CWhat DThat2(2012江西高考江西高考)It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office.Awhether Bwhere Cwhich Dthatthat引导名词性从句时，在从句中引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当任何

10、成分不充当任何成分，也没有任何含义；也没有任何含义；what引导名词性从句时，在从引导名词性从句时，在从句中要句中要充当充当一定的句子一定的句子成分成分。 让步状语从句的考查让步状语从句的考查 1(2013江苏高考江苏高考)In the global economy, a new drug for cancer, _ it is discovered, will create many economic possibilities around the world.Awhatever Bwhoever Cwherever Dwhichever2(2013辽宁高考辽宁高考)One can alw

11、ays manage to do more things, no matter _ full ones schedule is in life.Ahow Bwhat Cwhen Dwhere3(2013四川高考四川高考)He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son _ he wants to.Aeven if Bas if Cbecause Dbefore4(2012全国卷全国卷)I dont believe weve met before，_ I must say you do look familiar.Atherefor

12、e Balthough Csince D. unless规律小结规律小结让步状语从句的常用连词有让步状语从句的常用连词有 although, though, even if, even though, as (从句需要倒装从句需要倒装), while (一般置于句首一般置于句首), no matter 疑问词，疑问词， 疑疑问词问词ever。While I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A(2012湖南湖南)However serious a problem you may have, you

13、 should gather your courage to face the challenge.(2010上海高考上海高考)时间状语从句的考查时间状语从句的考查 1(2013安徽高考安徽高考)Its much easier to make friends _ you have similar interests.Aunless Bwhen Ceven though Dso that2(2011四川高考四川高考)As is reported, it is 100 years_Qinghua University was founded.Awhen Bbefore Cafter Dsince3

14、.(2011浙江高考浙江高考)One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away my daughter heard cries for help.A.after B.while C.since D.whenwhen引导时间状语从句，意为引导时间状语从句，意为“正在这时正在这时”，表，表示示某件事正发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。某件事正发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。when构成的相关句型如下：构成的相关句型如下： be about to dowhen be doingwhen be on the point of doin

15、gwhen had just donewhen(刚做完某事这时刚做完某事这时)下列结构表示下列结构表示“一一就就”：as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner .than ., hardly/scarcely .when ._I heard the voice，I knew father was coming.He had _finished his speech _the students started cheering.(2011辽辽宁高考宁高考)

16、 No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering. The momentno soonerthanbefore(1)表示表示“还未还未就就；还没来得及；还没来得及就就”。The girl had hardly rung the bell before the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.(2010福建高考福建高考)(2)It was一段时间一段时间before .“过了多久才过了多久才” It wi

17、ll be一段时间一段时间before .“再过多久之后再过多久之后才才”。It will be half a year before I come back. 还得再过半年我才能回来。还得再过半年我才能回来。条件状语从句的考查条件状语从句的考查 1(2013江西高考江西高考)She says that shell have to close the shop _ business improves.Aif Bunless Cafter Dwhen2(2013重庆高考重庆高考)_ we have enough evidence, we cant win the case.AOnce BAs l

18、ong as CUnless DSince3(2012江苏高考江苏高考)Ones life has value _ one brings value to the life of others.Aso that Bno matter how Cas long as Dexcept that条件状语从句的常用连词有条件状语从句的常用连词有if, unless, as/so long as(只要只要), only if(位于句首主句要倒装位于句首主句要倒装), in case, on condition that等。等。定语从句与同位语从句的比较定语从句与同位语从句的比较 (2012江苏高考江苏高

19、考)The notice came around two in the afternoon_ the meeting would be postponed.Awhen Bthat Cwhether Dhow判断是定语从句还是同位语从句可以用判断是定语从句还是同位语从句可以用“加词加词”的方法，的方法，即即在名词和从句之间加入一个在名词和从句之间加入一个be动词，如果句子意思动词，如果句子意思成立，则是同位语从句，否则，则是定语从句成立，则是同位语从句，否则，则是定语从句。The notice that meeting had to be put off was true.The notice

20、was that the meeting had to be put off.The notice that he read just now was true.同位同位定从定从The notice was that he read just now was true.定语从句与状语从句的比较定语从句与状语从句的比较 1(2013北京高考北京高考)Many countries are now setting up national parks _ animals and plants can be protected. Awhen Bwhich Cwhose Dwhere2(2012天津高考天

21、津高考)Everything was placed exactly _ he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.Awhile Bwhen Cwhere Dthough当涉及当涉及“地点地点”时，判断是定语从句还是状语从时，判断是定语从句还是状语从句的依据：句的依据：看句中是否有先行词看句中是否有先行词。Please make a mark where you dont understand while reading. Please make a mark in the place where you dont understand while rea

22、ding.地点状语从句地点状语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句与强调句的比较定语从句与强调句的比较 1(2013重庆高考重庆高考)It was with the help of the local guide _ the mountain climber was rescued.Awho Bthat Cwhen Dhow2(2009福建高考福建高考)Its helpful to put children in a situation _they can see themselves differently.Athat Bwhen Cwhich Dwhere区分是定语从句还是强调句，看从句中是否缺少

23、区分是定语从句还是强调句，看从句中是否缺少句子成分，句子成分，如果去掉如果去掉it is/was和和that/who，结构，结构仍完整，则为强调句，反之，则为定语从句仍完整，则为强调句，反之，则为定语从句。It was in the hospital that he came across a friend of his.It was the hospital where he came across a friend of his.Where did you get to know her? It was on the farm where we worked.完整的答语应为：完整的答语应为

24、：It was on the farm where we worked that I got to know her.强调句型强调句型定语从句定语从句定语从句中定语从句中which与与as的比较的比较 1(2013山东高考山东高考)There is no simple answer, _ is often the case in science.Aas Bthat Cwhen Dwhere2(2013天津高考天津高考)We have launched another manmade satellite, _ is announced in todays newspaper.Athat Bwhi

25、ch Cwho Dwhat which与与as引导非限制性定语从句的区别：引导非限制性定语从句的区别：which as位置上位置上 搭配上搭配上 无动词的限制无动词的限制 谓语动词通常是表示感谓语动词通常是表示感觉或心理活动的动词，觉或心理活动的动词，如如see, hear, know, expect, remember, guess, hope等等 句意上句意上 只能放在先行只能放在先行词的后面词的后面位置灵活，可位于句位置灵活，可位于句前、句中，也可置于前、句中，也可置于句后句后 意为意为“这一点这一点”表示表示“正如正如，正像正像的那样的那样”Practice:The air quali

26、ty in the city, _is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.(2012福建高考福建高考) After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, _ turned out to be a wise decision.(2010四川高考四川高考)aswhich从句中句子的语序从句中句子的语序 1(2013新课标全国卷新课标全国卷)“You cant judge a book by its cover，” _.Aas

27、the saying goes old Bgoes as the old sayingCas the old saying goes Dgoes as old the saying2(2011辽宁高考辽宁高考)No matter how_， it is not necessarily lifeless.Aa desert may be dry Bdry a desert may be Cmay a desert be dry Ddry may a desert be 3(2012陕西高考陕西高考)Hot _ the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.Aalthough Bas Cwhile Dhowever4(2011天津高考天津高考)_ regular exercise is very important, its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.AIf BAs CAlthough DUnless