八年级英语牛津版8BUnit4AgoodreadReading.ppt

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1、Unit 4 A good readReadingReadingWords and phrases reviewagainstbe tired outtieoverstomachuntilfingertinyfall overprep. 紧靠，碰，撞紧靠，碰，撞筋疲力尽筋疲力尽vt. 捆，绑捆，绑prep. 从一边到另一边从一边到另一边n. 腹部；胃腹部；胃conj. 直到直到为止为止n. 手指手指adj. 极小的极小的摔倒摔倒Words reviewvt. & vi. 继续继续adv. 也也vt. & vi. 设法完成；管理设法完成；管理vt. 举起，抬高；提高举起，抬高；提高n. 大批，大

2、群大批，大群modal v. 应该，必须；一定应该，必须；一定adj. 不能的，不会的不能的，不会的n. 肩膀肩膀continueeithermanageliftarmymust unableshoulderMatchagainsttired outtietinycontinuemanagea keep doing somethingb very smallc finish what you have tried to dod very tirede hitting somethingf hold things together with ropes To understand the ext

3、ract from the book, Gullivers Travels To learn more information about the book, Gullivers Travels To learn the words and expressions in the extractObjectivesImportant words:against, tie, over, stomach, until, finger,tiny, continue, either, manage, lift,army, must, shoulderImportant phrases:be tired

4、out, fall overBackground informationGullivers Travels is a novel by Irish writer and clergyman Jonathan Swift. It is Swifts best known full-length work, and a classic of English literature. This novel tells us Gullivers amazing adventures in some countries.The novel contains four parts.Part I: A Voy

5、age to Lilliput (小人国小人国)During his first voyage, Gulliver is washed ashore (在岸上在岸上) after a shipwreck (船舶失事船舶失事) and finds himself a prisoner of a race of tiny people, less than 6 inches tall, who are inhabitants (居民居民) of the island country of Lilliput. Part II: A Voyage to Brobdingnag (大人大人国国)When

6、 the sailing ship Adventure is blown off course (航向航向) by storms and forced to sail for land in search of fresh water, Gulliver is abandoned (抛弃抛弃) by his companions (同伴同伴) and found by a farmer who is 72 feet (22 m) tall. The farmer treats him as a curiosity and exhibits (展展览览) him for money. Part

7、III: A Voyage to Laputa (飞岛国飞岛国), Balnibarbi, Luggnagg, Glubbdubdrib, and Japan After Gullivers ship was attacked by pirates (海盗海盗), he is marooned (陷于孤立陷于孤立无援困境的无援困境的) close to a desolate (荒凉的荒凉的) rocky island near India. Fortunately, he is rescued by the flying island of Laputa, a kingdom devoted

8、to the arts of music and mathematics but unable to use them for practical ends. Gulliver is then taken to Balnibarbi to await (等待等待) a trader who can take him on to Japan. While waiting for a passage, Gulliver takes a short side-trip to the island of Glubbdubdrib, where he visits a magicians (魔法师魔法师

9、) dwelling (住处住处) and discusses history with the ghosts of historical figures, the most obvious restatement of the ancients versus moderns theme in the book. In Luggnagg he encounters the struldbrugs 斯特勒尔布勒格斯特勒尔布勒格(虚构的永不死亡的人虚构的永不死亡的人), unfortunates who are immortal (长生的长生的). They do not have the gif

10、t of eternal (永恒永恒的的) youth, but suffer the infirmities (虚弱虚弱) of old age and are considered legally dead at the age of eighty. After reaching Japan, Gulliver asks the Emperor “to excuse my performing the ceremony imposed upon my countrymen of trampling upon the crucifix (请求天皇赦免执行践踏十字架的请求天皇赦免执行践踏十字架

11、的仪式：十字架踩踏仪式涉及仪式：十字架踩踏仪式涉及17世纪的日世纪的日本历史，从前日本人反对耶稣教，外国本历史，从前日本人反对耶稣教，外国人去通商的不准登岸，除非在十字架上人去通商的不准登岸，除非在十字架上踩踏而过，表明自己不是基督教徒踩踏而过，表明自己不是基督教徒),” which the Emperor does. Gulliver returns home, determined to stay there for the rest of his days.Part IV: A Voyage to the Country of the Houyhnhnms (慧骃国慧骃国/智马国智马国)

12、Despite his earlier intention of remaining at home, Gulliver returns to the sea as the captain (船长船长) of a merchantman (商船商船). He is abandoned in a landing boat and comes upon a race of hideous (可怕的可怕的), deformed (丑陋的丑陋的) and savage (野蛮的野蛮的) humanoid (像像人的人的) creatures. Shortly afterwards he meets a

13、 race of horses who call themselves Houyhnhnms (which in their language means the perfection of nature). Gullivers TravelsA Voyage to Lilliput1699年5月4日，格列佛应“羚羊号”船长的雇请，乘船到太平洋一带航海，因遇风暴，“羚羊号”触礁沉没了。他和五个水手跳入救生艇中逃生，可是半途救生艇也翻了。格列佛只身被风浪刮到利立浦特岛上。上岸后，他由于过度疲乏，躺在草地上酣睡了一觉。待他醒来时，他觉得全身都动弹不得，他的四肢、身体被紧紧捆缚住了，连他的头发也一根

14、根地被缚牢在地上。 他被献给了国王。后来格列佛温顺的表现逐渐赢得了国王和人民对他的好感，他也渐渐熟悉了小人国的风俗习惯。在格列佛的帮助下，该小人国打败了另一个小人国，但是格列佛不愿灭掉该国，国王对此很不高兴。一次，皇宫失火。由于运水困难，格列佛撒了一泡尿浇灭了大火。这使皇后十分反感。加上海军大臣嫉妒他的功劳，于是国王召开了一次密谋会，准备除掉格列佛。格列佛得知后，慌忙逃到那个被打败的小人国。再从那儿找到了一只小船，便乘船离去。他在公海上遇到一只英国商船。他便搭乘这只商船，于是1702年回到伦敦。从而结束了他的第一次游历。 Listen and chooseWhich adventure doe

15、s this extract belong to?A. Lilliput B. Brobdingnag C. Laputa D. HouyhnhnmsIn this extract, who am “I”?A. Jonathan Swift B. GulliverC. Sandy D. A small manRead the extract carefully and match the events with their causes. 1 Gulliver fell down on the beach and went to sleep.2 Gulliver found himself u

16、nable to move.3 The tiny men all fell over.4 Gulliver got one hand free.5 Gulliver wanted to run away.a He managed to break the ropes.b His arms, legs and hair were tied to the groundc He was tired out after swimming for a long time.d He saw a huge army of tiny people coming towards him.e Gulliver s

17、houted at them. 1 c 2 b 3 e 4 a 5 d1. Gullivers ship crashed against the rocks.2. When Gulliver woke up, it was almost evening.3. A tiny man climbed onto Gullivers body and stood on his shoulder.TFF4. Gulliver shouted at the tiny men, but they did not care.5. Gulliver talked with those small men.6.

18、Gulliver finally pulled his right hand free.TFFRead and answer.1. What did Gulliver do after their ship crashed against the rocks? He swam as far as he could. By the time he finally felt the land under his feet, he was tired out. He fell down on the beach and went to sleep.2. Did Gulliver know where

19、 he was when he woke up? No, he did not.3. What did Gulliver find after he woke up? He found he could not move. His arms, legs and hair were tied to ground.4. How big was the small man? He was the same size as Gullivers little finger.5. Could Gulliver communicate with the small men? No, he could not

20、.After our ship crashed against the rocks, I swam as far as I could.against 表示表示“紧靠；碰，撞紧靠；碰，撞”，后接名，后接名词、代词、词、代词、V-ing形式等作宾语。形式等作宾语。His bike crashed against the rock, so he hurt his leg.他的自行车撞到岩石上，伤了腿。他的自行车撞到岩石上，伤了腿。against 还可以表示还可以表示“反对反对”。Are you against it or for it? 你对此事是反对呢还是赞成你对此事是反对呢还是赞成?as fa

21、r as I could 表示表示“尽我所能地远尽我所能地远”，使用使用“as + adj./adv. + as”结构。结构。This film is as interesting as that one is.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。He speaks English as fluently as you.他英语说的和你一样流利。他英语说的和你一样流利。 By the time I finally felt the land under my feet, I was tired out.by the time 等到；到等到；到的时候的时候The injured

22、 man was fairly far gone (病重病重) by the time the ambulance (救护车救护车) arrived. 救护车到时那伤者已生命垂危。救护车到时那伤者已生命垂危。be tired out 筋疲力尽筋疲力尽He was tired out after his long trip to California.至加利福尼亚州长途旅行归来后，他觉得至加利福尼亚州长途旅行归来后，他觉得非常疲倦。非常疲倦。However, they soon got up again and continued moving across my body.get up (使使

23、)起立，站起来起立，站起来 Get up when the king enters the room.在国王进屋时大家应该起立。在国王进屋时大家应该起立。回顾复习：回顾复习：get up 起床起床 (七年级上册七年级上册 U3)get away 逃脱，离开逃脱，离开 (七年级下册七年级下册 U6)get off 下车下车 (八年级上册八年级上册 U3)get on 上车上车 (八年级上册八年级上册 U3)continue 用作及物动词，表示用作及物动词，表示“继续继续”，后，后接名词、代词、接名词、代词、V-ing形式、动词不定式等形式、动词不定式等作宾语。作宾语。He continued t

24、he work day after day.他一天一天地继续做这件工作。他一天一天地继续做这件工作。How can you continue to work/continue working with all that noise going on? 你在那不停的噪声中怎么能工作得下去呀你在那不停的噪声中怎么能工作得下去呀?continue 用作不及物动词，意为用作不及物动词，意为“持续；继持续；继续续”After a short break the play continued.经过短暂的休息以后，戏继续上演。经过短暂的休息以后，戏继续上演。I tried to pull one hand

25、free and finally managed to break the ropes.manage vt. & vi. 设法完成；管理设法完成；管理I managed to pull myself up onto a wet, sloping (倾斜的倾斜的) ledge (暗礁暗礁).我终于爬上了一块潮湿倾斜的暗礁。我终于爬上了一块潮湿倾斜的暗礁。Jones manages the finances here. 琼斯主管这里的财务。琼斯主管这里的财务。manage to do 强调通过努力获得了预期强调通过努力获得了预期的结果的结果(= succeed in doing sth.)；try

26、 to do 强调尝试的过程强调尝试的过程(= to make an effort to do sth.)。 He managed to escape to South America. 他设法逃到了南美。他设法逃到了南美。He tried to escape to South America. 他设法要逃到南美去。他设法要逃到南美去。 Tips for teacherLet the word fly 板块是帮助学生学习一板块是帮助学生学习一些一词多义、熟词生义的词汇。通过此些一词多义、熟词生义的词汇。通过此环节，学生可以对一些常见词的用法、环节，学生可以对一些常见词的用法、意思有一个全面的了

27、解。在翻译过程中意思有一个全面的了解。在翻译过程中体会词汇使用的丰富多彩。体会词汇使用的丰富多彩。Its never over till its over.未到最后关头，绝不轻言放弃。未到最后关头，绝不轻言放弃。 Dont cry over spilled milk. 别为过去不好的事儿而伤心了。别为过去不好的事儿而伤心了。 介词介词 prep. We live over a small bookstore. 我们住在一家小书店的楼上。我们住在一家小书店的楼上。 在在.之上之上, 在正上方在正上方We spread a carpet over the floor. 我们给地板铺上了地毯。我们给

28、地板铺上了地毯。 (覆盖覆盖)在在.上面上面He never tries to curry favor (讨好某人讨好某人) with those over him. 他从不去讨好上司。他从不去讨好上司。 (职位等职位等)高于高于; 支配支配; 监督监督 A plane flew over the house. 一架飞机飞过了房子。一架飞机飞过了房子。 越过越过. ；(从一边从一边)到到的另一边的另一边My grandchildren will stay over Christmas. She told me over the telephone about it. 她在电话里把这事告诉了我。

29、她在电话里把这事告诉了我。 通过通过.媒介媒介我的孙儿孙女们圣诞节期间将呆在这儿。我的孙儿孙女们圣诞节期间将呆在这儿。 在在.期间期间 形容词形容词 adj. Summer is over. It is autumn now. 夏天过去了。秋天到了。夏天过去了。秋天到了。 结束的，完了的结束的，完了的副词副词 adv. She stepped over to the other side to avoid meeting him. 她走到大街另一边，避免与他相遇。她走到大街另一边，避免与他相遇。 从一边至另一边；越过从一边至另一边；越过The soup spilled over. 汤泼出来了。

30、汤泼出来了。 越出边缘；溢出越出边缘；溢出He plans to do it over again. 他打算从头再做一遍。他打算从头再做一遍。 再一次，重复地再一次，重复地 活学活用活学活用从上面给出的例句中我们可以看到从上面给出的例句中我们可以看到over的含义很丰富，不仅仅表示的含义很丰富，不仅仅表示 “在在.之之上上”或者或者“结束的结束的”。大家还知道哪些。大家还知道哪些与与over相关的口语表达或短语呢？请选相关的口语表达或短语呢？请选择几个进行造句或对话练习。择几个进行造句或对话练习。1. as far as I could2. be tired out3. fall down 4

31、. go to sleep5. fall over6. continue doing7. manage to do 8. run away from 1. The bus driver always says to us, “Dont get off _ the bus stops.” (2012贵州铜仁贵州铜仁) A. when B. while C. until D. if2. When shall we leave for China? We wont _ we have visited all the places of interest here. (2012湖北荆州湖北荆州) A.

32、 until B. while C. as D. sinceI. 单项选择。单项选择。3. Where are you going for the coming winter camp? I wont decide on the place _ the end of this month. (2012湖北宜昌湖北宜昌) A. until B. unless C. though D. through 4. They didnt go to bed _ the work was finished. (2012山东滨州山东滨州) A. when B. while C. until D. after5

33、. Tigers wait _ it is dark, then go out to find their food. (2012山东潍坊山东潍坊) A. since B. until C. as D. because6. Helen didnt know anything about it _ her father told her. (2013江苏宿迁江苏宿迁) A. if B. because C. after D. until 7. Its too late. I have to go now. Oh, its raining outside. Dont leave _ it stop

34、s. (2013湖南长沙湖南长沙) A. since B. until C. while8. Jimmy, its time to go to bed. Oh, I wont do that _ I finish my homework. (2013黔东南黔东南) A. if B. until C. after D. when 9. Mr Wang is strongly _ keeping animals in the zoo, because he thinks animals should also enjoy freedom. (2013山东临沂山东临沂) A. up B. for C

35、. against D. down10. Im _ building a new zoo because I think zoos are terrible places for animals to live in. (2013山东青岛山东青岛) A. against B. on C. in D. for11. Mrs. King put a coat _ the sleeping girl to keep her warm. (2013安徽安徽) A. over B. with C. behind D. besideII. 根据提示填空。根据提示填空。1. Why dont we put

36、the bed _ (紧靠紧靠) the wall?2. I _ (绑绑) my hair back when its hot.3. She jumped _ (从一边到另一边从一边到另一边) the gate.4. I was hungry and my _ (胃胃) had started making noises. 5. I cut my _ (手指手指) last night. 6. A _ (very small) fishing boat was there. againsttieoverstomachfingertiny7. If she _ (继续继续) drinking l

37、ike that, Ill have to carry her home.8. I dont eat meat and my husband doesnt _ (too).9. I only just _ (设法完成设法完成) to finish on time.10. Could you help me _ (抬高抬高) this table, please?11. She brought an _ (a large group) of supporters with her.12. I _ (应该应该) get some sleep.13. I rested my head on her

38、_ (肩膀肩膀). continueseithermanagedliftarmymustshoulder1. 沙漠一直伸展到视线的尽头沙漠一直伸展到视线的尽头。 The desert continued _ the eye could see. 2. 我们到达时，会议已结束了。我们到达时，会议已结束了。 _ we arrived, the meeting was over. 3. 要是你讲着话时我睡着了，可别以为是要是你讲着话时我睡着了，可别以为是 不敬，我筋疲力尽了。不敬，我筋疲力尽了。 Dont take it as an insult (侮辱侮辱) if I _ _ during you

39、r speech; _. go to sleepIII. 翻译句子。翻译句子。as far asBy the timeIm tired out4. 你这么到达那里的？你这么到达那里的？ How did you _ there? 5. 在内战期间成千上万的人逃离了这个在内战期间成千上万的人逃离了这个 国家。国家。 During the civil war thousands of people _ the country. 6. 詹金斯夫人一脚踩空，跌倒在地。詹金斯夫人一脚踩空，跌倒在地。 Mrs Jenkins missed her footing and _.manage to getrun away fromfell overTo preview Grammar 1) Using question words + to-infinitives2) Using must and have toFinish exercise B5 on Page 53.