机械原理期末总复习.pdf

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1、书中十五选十答案书中十五选十答案一：Many people who are traditionally afraid of DIY are becoming(1G plague 2J renovations 3E recession 4A decorating 5O fabulous 6N obstacle 7Kpotential 8I blunder 9M disastrous 10H neglected)二：Recently,the right of privacy seems to be frequently under(1G assault 2C probe 3N resented 4

2、A disregard 5K skeletons 6J wealthy 7D abolish8O elaborate 9M incredibly 10Bprevalent）三：One way to make a marriage work is by being(1C unselfish 2F willing 3H rinse 4A bet 5L pasture 6N treat 7G wore 8J accuse 9Kvexes 10E intimate)四：Many Americans think creative is an inherent gift(1F cultivated 2K

3、turbulent 3B quotas 4G preventing 5C abortive 6H modification 7Dspringboards 8N conceive 9J rolled 10O prejudices)五：Although young people today can remember 150(1N management 2I amounts 3A inadequate 4G surprise 5F educated 6B budgeting7L infrequently 8O surveyed 9J semester 10E attributing)六: when

4、I was young , I lived in Fort Greene which was notorious1C bother 2K vaguely 3G trailed 4A sneered 5E entered 6L exactly 7J gentrifying8N indisputable 9I transformed 10M exceedingly七：While some of us say they dont want to1M emotional 2B achievement 3E outstanding 4N conscientiousness 5O propel6L tox

5、ic 7D expediency 8C detached 9A strategy 10K apt书中课后题答案书中课后题答案Unit 1Unit 1A. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. internal ditchfabulous renovate plaster amateur blunder instinct1. The police _blundered_ badly by arresting the wrong man.警察抓错了人，犯了很严重的错误。2. T

6、he house was severely destroyed, so the couple spent thousands of dollars _renovating_ it.那个房子严重被毁坏，所以这对夫妇花费了上千元修复它。3. The pilot was forced to _ditch_ the jet plane in the Gulf because of the hijacking.由于劫机，飞行被迫将飞机开进沟里。4. Unlike the Satellite, it has no _internal_ battery, though it will accept exte

7、rnal batteries made for the iPad.不像卫星楼，它没有屏障，虽然它们将接受外部屏障被用于苹果。5.The basis for training relies on the dogs natural _instinct_ to hunt.训练的基础依赖于狗的狩猎自然的本能。6. The _plaster_ was beginning to fall from the walls.那个灰泥开始从墙上掉下来。7. During each war the monopoly capitalists amassed _fabulous_ wealth.在每个战争中垄断的资本家

8、们积累难以置信的财富。8. At college he studied English and did _amateur_ boxing .在大学他学习英语和打业余拳击。B. Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the form where necessary.1.Dont _beat_ yourself up_ over something that you have no control over.不要自责，一些事你不能控制。2.They decided to _call in_ a doctor beca

9、use the child was not any better.他们决定打电话给医生，因为孩子没有好转。3.Ultimately, he said, the issue came _down to _a dispute between the two countries.当初，他说，那个问题是两国之间的争端引起的。4. I always said he would _ wind up _ in jail.我总是说他将以进监狱而结局。5.Growth is a process of _ trial and error _. You can learn as much from failure

10、as you can from success. Maybe more.成长是一个不断摸索的过程，你可以从失败中学到很多正如你从成功中一样。可能更多。6.The bridge must be repaired within three days _ at all costs _.三天之内，一定要不惜任何代价修理好这个桥。这座房子在地震中损毁严重，汤姆花了不少钱来修它。The house was badly damaged in the earthquake, and Tom spent a lot of money renovating it.正如史蒂夫乔布斯所指出的，不断摸索一直都是苹果模式

11、的一部分。As Steve Jobs noted, trial and error has always been part of the Apple model.如果你总是无所事事，最后结果会怎样呢？当然是失败If you are idling around all the time, what will you wind up with? Of course, failure.别犯错现在可是关键时刻，谨慎是永远不会错的。Dont make a blunderit is a critical time now, and caution will never be wrong.你不要为难自己，

12、毕竟你是个新手。You shouldnt beat yourself up; after all, you are a green hand.中国人通常在屋子里挂灯笼过元宵(the Lantern Festival)。自制纸灯笼只需要彩色硬纸、剪刀和胶水(construction paper, scissors and glue)。首先，将一张长方形的(rectangular) 纸对折，从对折线往开口处，每隔4 厘米就剪开一直线。每次不要剪到底，留边约 2 厘米。然后打开硬纸，将纸卷成圆筒状(cylinder)，接着在两条短边上涂好胶水后把它们黏在一起。最后，剪下长 12 厘米、宽 1 厘米的

13、一硬纸条做灯笼柄，并把剪好的纸条黏在灯笼上端的内沿上。Chinese people always celebrate the Lantern Festival by hanging up Chinese lanterns in the house.Construction paper, scissors and glue are all things you need for DIY of a paper lantern. First, folda rectangular piece of paper in half, and cut along the folded edge every 4

14、 cm. Don t cut all theway to the edge of the paper, leaving about 2 cm at the top of each cut. Next, unfold the paper,and roll it into a cylinder. Then apply glue along the short edges and press the paper together.Last, make the handle of the lantern by cutting a strip of construction paper 12 cm lo

15、ng and 1 cmwide, and glue the strip cut-out to the inside edges of the lanterns top margin.Unit 2A. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.function apparently elaborate bother presence sacred disregard radically1.Im sorry to _ bother _ you, but can you direct

16、me to the railway station?我很抱歉打扰你，但是你能指导我去火车站吗？2.His father grew increasingly nervous at his sons _ disregard _ for danger.他的父亲在他的儿子忽视危险的时候增加担心3. I regard it as a _ sacred _ trust to carry out my father s last wishes.我把完成父亲最后的遗愿最为一件神圣的事情4.The health service must be _ radically _ reformed.健康服务必须彻底地改革

17、5. Beneath that _ apparently _ calm surface is a man of fierce temper.冷静的外表下显然是一个男人的暴脾气6. This telephone can also _ function _ as a fax machine.这个电话也可以有传真的功能7. She made _ elaborate _ preparations for the party, but no one showed up.她为了聚会精心准备，但是没有人出席8. She was so quiet that her _ presence _ was hardl

18、y noticed .她是如此的安静以至于她的在场很少有人注意B. Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the form where necessary. swarm with do away with think nothing of to the exclusion of well off die away1. The place is _ swarming with _ pickpockets.这个地方充满了扒手2. The sheer (欢呼声) had _ died away _ and there

19、was a moment of absolute silence.欢呼声逐渐消失，而且一阵短暂的沉默3. Never concentrate all your attention on one or two problems, _ to the exclusion of _ others.不要把你所有的精力放在一个或者两个问题上，把其他问题排除在外4. We are _batter off_ this year than we were last year.我们比去年更富有5. In order truly to _ do away with _ nuclear threat, it is n

20、ecessary to completely prohibit and thoroughly destroy nuclear weapons.为了真正消除核危害，必须禁止和破坏核武器6.They don t know that people in some places _ think nothing of _ staring at otherson the street.他们不知道一些地方的人们把盯着街上的其他人认为很平常。政府正努力改善公众的住房条件The government is striving for improvements in public housing这五个圆环被认为象征

21、了五大洲:欧洲亚洲非洲大洋洲以及美洲The five rings are thought to symbolize the five continents: Europe, Asia, Africa, Oceania andAmerica.他父亲淡淡地一笑,试图要他放心,一切都安然无恙。His father smiled weakly in an attempt to reassure him that everything was all right.他的沉默实际就是拒绝。 His silence is in effect a refusal.我开始调查,试图发现他们解雇她的原因。I beg

22、in to probe and try to find out why they have dismissed her.传统上,中文里没有隐私这一概念。 这是因为在中国， 集体主义这一价值观受到高度赞扬。另一方面，中国人喜欢和家人住在一起， 他们认为这样显示了和谐的人际关系。 我们甚至看到在中国，不同的家庭住在一个大院子里。在这样的居住环境下是没有隐私可言的。因此，中国人觉得凡事不必隐藏。Traditionally, there is no equivalent term for “privacy” in Chinese. This is because the value ofcollect

23、ivism is praised highly in China. On the other hand, Chinese people enjoy living togetherwith their family members because it is a way to show harmonious human relationship. It is notstrange for us to find that even people from different families share a big courtyard in China. Withsuch arrangements

24、, privacy would be hardly possible. So, Chinese people feel that nothing shouldbe concealed.Unit 3A.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. gloomy wrinkle underneath willing gently astonish vex treat1.You must _ gently _ hold the newly born baby.你必须温柔的拥抱新出生的婴儿

25、。2. _ Underneath _his rather strict manner, he is really very kindhearted.在他严格的举止下，他是真的善良。3.His magic act will amaze and _ astonish _ you.他的魔术将会令你惊奇和震惊。4.When I saw their _ gloomy _ faces, I knew something was wrong当我看到他们阴沉的脸,我知道一些事错了。5.She is beginning to get _ wrinkles_ round her eyes.她开始在眼角出现皱纹。6

26、.It _ vexed_ her to be ignored like this.她被这样的人所忽视，使她很恼火。7.Mr. Brown took his son to a cricket match as a birthday _ treat _.布朗先生带着他的儿子去一个板球比赛作为生日请客。8.His lack of experience was balanced by his _ willingness_ to learn.他缺乏经验，但他乐于学习。B. Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the fo

27、rm where necessary. blow upwear out rustle up start out storm out put up with1.After finishing the housework, she _wore_ herself _up_ .做完家务后，她就穿上了自己的衣服。2.He was so angry that he _ stormed out _ of his office and slammed the door.他很生气,他飞快的走出办公室,关上了门。3.Most beginners _ start out _ with too little mone

28、y.大多数初学者一开始钱很少。4.Im afraid youll have to _put up with_his bad temper.恐怕你将不得不忍受他的坏脾气。 5.He was jailed for 45 years for _trying to _blow up a plane.他被判 45 年由于试图炸毁一架飞机。6.Ill try and _ rustle up _a meal for all of us.我将试着为我们所有人搞到一顿饭。1.他指责老板不守信，欺骗了他。He accused the boss of having broken his word and cheat

29、ed him.2.使我吃惊的是，那汉子毫不费劲地把石头举了起来。To my astonishment, the man lifted the rock effortlessly.3.我肯定他在赌博中输掉了所有的钱。I bet that hes lost all his money in the gamble.4.为了挽救妻子的性命，任何辛苦的工作他都愿意干。In order to save his wifes life, he is willing to do any hard work.5.听到这悲痛的消息,我们不禁潸然泪下。We could not but weep at the sad

30、news.在中国，婚礼习俗各地不同，但也有共同点。在过去，举行婚礼前，新娘会由一位当地德高望重的老年妇女为她用彩色的棉绳扎头发。新娘要穿红裙子，因为中国人认为红色喜庆。新郎也要穿红褂子（be in red gown ）。他们要拜（kowtow）天地，父母和夫妻对拜。在有的地方，婚礼的当晚亲戚朋友们会闹洞房（play games in the bridal chamber）。婚后的第三天，新婚夫妇要回新娘的娘家，和亲戚们聚餐。In China, marriage customs differ by regions, but there are something in common. In th

31、e past,before the wedding ceremony, the bride would be helped by a respectable old woman to tie upher hair with colorful cotton threads. She should wear a red skirt as Chinese believed red is thesymbol of delight. The bridegroom was also in a red gown. They should kowtow to worship theheaven, parent

32、s and each other. On the night of the wedding day, there was a custom in someplaces relatives or friends playing games in the bridal chamber. On the third day of themarriage, the new couple would go back to the bride s parents home. They would be receivedwith a dinner party including relatives.Unit4

33、A. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.1.A woman has a (an) _ inherent _ love of beauty.女人对美有一种内在的爱。2.They were told to take whatever action they _ deemed_ necessary.他们被告知采取任何他们认为必要的行动。3.He purposely tried to _ cultivate _ good relations with the press.他有意与

34、媒体建立良好的关系。4.The present international situation remains tense and _ turbulent _.当前国际形势依然紧张动荡。5.We cant _ conceive _ of living without telephones and computers.我们不能设想没有电话和电脑的生活。6._ Corrupt _ judges have taken millions of dollars in bribes.腐败的法官收受了数百万美元的贿赂。7.What _ prompted_ you to buy that ugly but e

35、xpensive suit?是什么促使你买那件难看又昂贵的衣服？8.She _ twisted_ her handkerchief into a knot.她把手帕扭成一个结。B. Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the form where necessary.1.If you _ buy into_ the idea that the look should be perfect then you will never feel goodabout yourself because you will n

36、ever attain it.如果你认为自己的外表应该是完美的， 那么你就永远不会自我感觉良好， 因为你永远也无法做到这一点。2.The fact that some glaciers in the Himalayas are retreating is nothing _ out of the ordinary_.喜马拉雅山脉的一些冰川正在消退，这一事实并不寻常。3.Archaeological (考古学的) data are _ in theirs own right _ historical documents , notmere illustrations to written tex

37、ts.考古（考古学的）数据是在他们自己的权利的历史文献，而不仅仅是文字资料的例证。4.The two arguments are _ in essence _ the same.这两个论点本质上是相同的。5.Shes _ been after_ me for a month to buy her a gold ring.她追了我一个月，为了给她买一枚金戒指。6.The scientists may have recorded the first _ eureka moment _.科学家可能已经记录了第一个尤里卡时刻。1.当地报纸披露了这起谋杀案的细节。Details of the murde

38、r were revealed by the local newspaper.2.你可能不喜欢他，但你不得不佩服他那种坚韧不拔的精神。You may not like him, but you have to admire his persistence.3.我不知道他们究竟为什么结婚，他们完全合不来。I dont know why they ever got married, for theyre totally incompatible.4.这条新修的高速铁路与原有的高速公路并行。The newly-constructed high speed railway is parallel wi

39、th the existing highway.5.我的计算基于房价稳定的假设。My calculations were based on the assumption that house prices would remain steady.中国中小学生的想象力和创造力相当贫乏。经过对21 个国家的调查，中国儿童计算能力排名第一，而想象力排在最后，创造力排名倒数第五。对此，专家们建议通过立法加强中国中小学生的“想象力教育”。 儿童缺乏想象力是一个关乎中国科学界命运的问题。中国的考试制度严重制约了学生的想象力和创造力， 中国的教育体制的改革应该从解放儿童的好奇心开始。Chinas prima

40、ry and middle school students imagination and creative ability are quite poor. Ina survey of 21 countries, the counting ability of Chinese children ranked No.1, while imaginationranked at the bottom and creative ability ranked fifth from the bottom. Regarding this, expertssuggest strengthening“imagi

41、nation-oriented education”for China s primary and middle schoolstudents through legislation. The lack of imagination among Chinese children is a matter ofconcern for the scientific world. The examination system in China has severely restrictedstudents imagination and creativity, and the reform of Ch

42、inas education system should startwith the liberation of childrens curiosity.Unit 5A. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where pound inadequate amount payment1.Mildness is a _ virtue _ he appreciates in his wife.温和是他所欣赏的他妻子的美德。2.Some economists argue that this could creat

43、e a much wider form of _ hazard _.一些经济学家认为，这可能造成更广泛的风险。3.I say its a _ compound _ or multiple love story, pure and complicated.我说这是一个复合的或多重的爱情故事，纯粹而复杂。4.We all voted for him as our _ representative _.我们都投票支持他为我们的代表。5.If you hate your co-workers and have many job demands but _ inadequate _ resources

44、toaccomplish anything worthwhile, then it is time to look for new employment.如果你讨厌你的同事， 并且有很多工作要求， 但是没有足够的资源去完成任何有价值的事情，那么现在是时候寻找新的工作了。6.As usual, there is a transaction fee for each _ payment _ from this card.和往常一样，这张卡的每次支付都有交易费。7.She stretched money to keep within a _ budget _.她把钱花在预算上。8.I suppose

45、 the determining factor would be how your body responds to the _ amount _ ofsleep you get.我认为决定因素是你的身体对你的睡眠量的反应。B. Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the form where necessary.1. His grandchildren, he says, are bright and handsome, but in school their eyes _ glazeover_ .他说，他的

46、孙子们都很聪明，很英俊，但在学校里，他们的目光呆滞。2. They _ are obliged to _ sell their house in order to pay their debts.为了偿还债务，他们不得不卖掉房子。3. We need to work together to _ figure out _ what the data means.我们需要共同研究数据的含义。4. Youll need to make a longer-term goal, such as a trip once you graduate, or a _ downpayment _ on a car

47、, or even something a little smaller.你需要制定一个长期目标，比如你毕业后的旅行，或者汽车上的首付，甚至是更小的东西。5. Her debts started to _ mount up_ because of her wild spending.由于她的疯狂消费，她的债务开始增加。6. My friend Pete has been out of work for six months and hes really _ behind the eight ball_ .我的朋友皮特已经失业6 个月了他真的是 8 个球的幕后黑手1.Hes used up hi

48、s savings and cant pay his rent or the payments he owes on his car.一份新的报告指出，嚼口香糖可能给健康带来危害。2.A new report suggests that chewing gum may be a health hazard.我们要求您立即付款。3.We request your immediate payment委员会最终采纳了他的建议。4.The committee ultimately adopted his suggestions.大约 50 个亿万富翁占整个国家国内生产总值的20%左右。5.About

49、50 billionaires account for 20 percent of the countrys gross domestic product.你有没有决定这个学期要修哪些课程？6.Have you decided on the classes you want to take this semester?自去年 11 月以来，中国的通货膨胀持续上扬。据NBS（国家数据局 National Bureau ofStatistics）表明，由于寒冬的影响，食品价格的上涨是推动一月份CPI 上涨 1.5%的主因。因为近年来人们的饮食和消费习惯发生了极大的改变， 专家认为， 为了更清晰实时

50、地反映居民的生活总支出和经济压力的状况，CPI 评估标准需要做出与实际情况相符的调整(modification) 。由于房屋支出占收入的比重越来越大， 因此相应的调整似乎是有必要， 同时，政策的制定者要正确解读 CPI 及其他指标(metrics) 以判断经济运行的状况(economic performance) 。Chinas inflation has continued to rise since November last year. Its CPI rose 1.5 percent inJanuary, mainly boosted by food price increases d