英语五种基本句型总结课件.ppt

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1、Grammar Revision 基本句型基本句型 一一主语主语+系动词系动词+表语（表语（ S+Link.V+P ），），说明主语的说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份特征、类属、状态、身份。学会主语和动词，就成功了一半！学会主语和动词，就成功了一半！以某人某物怎么样来说明主语以某人某物怎么样来说明主语 S V（系动词） PThis (be)a dictionaryThe dinner (smell)delicious. He (feel) happy. Everything (look)different. The twins (be) tall The book (be)interestin

2、g.The weather (become) cooler. His face (turn) redissmellsfeelslooksareisbecomesturned其它系动词其它系动词状态：状态：seem, appear, prove 感官：感官：smell, feel, taste, sound, look 变化：变化：become, get, turn, go, come, grow, fall持续：持续：remain, stay, keep, continue基本句型基本句型 二二 +（主谓）（主谓） 特点特点：句子的谓语动词能表达：句子的谓语动词能表达完整的意思。 这类动词叫做

3、这类动词叫做不及物动词不及物动词，后面可，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 S V（不及物动词）Time (fly)Class (begin)The man (not smoke)We all (laugh)Everybody (arrive)I (cry)The sun (rise)fliesbeginsdoesnt smokelaughedhas arrivedam cryingrises 基本句型基本句型 三三 + +O （主谓宾）（主谓宾）特点：谓语动词都具有实义，特点：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语都是主语产生的动作产生的动作，但不能表达完但不能表

4、达完整的意思整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动及物动词词。即动词后要跟“动词施加对象”(实义动词）实义动词） 1.Who 2. She 3. He 4. He 5. They 6. Tom (know) (laugh at) ( understand) (make) ( eat) ( like) the answer? her friend. English. cakes. some apples. eggs. knowslaughed atunderstandsmadeatelikes

5、基本句型基本句型 四四（主谓间宾（主谓间宾 直宾）直宾）+ + IO+ D 特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。 通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。之前时，这一介词往往被省略。tell(告诉某人告诉某人), tell sb sth (tell sth to sb)send(送给

6、某人送给某人), send sb sth (send sth to sb)give(给某人给某人), give sb sth (give sth to sb)bring(带给某人带给某人), bring sb sth (bring sth to sb)leave(留给某人留给某人), leave sb sth (leave sth to sb)pass(递给某人递给某人), pass sb sth (pass sth to sb)read(给某人读给某人读), read sb sth (read sth to sb)write(给某人写给某人写), write sb sth (write st

7、h to sb)take(给某人拿给某人拿), take sb sth (take sth to sb)show(给某人看给某人看), show sb sth (show sth to sb)teach(教给某人教给某人), teach sb sth (teach sth to sb)lend(借给某人借给某人), lend sb. sth (lend sth to sb)return(还给某人还给某人) return sb sth (return sth to sb)hand(递给某人递给某人) hand sb sth (hand sth to sb)throw(扔给某人扔给某人) thro

8、w sb sth (throw sth to sb)get(为某人弄到为某人弄到), get sb sth (get sth for sb) pay(支付给某人支付给某人), pay sb sth (pay sth for sb) buy(为某人买为某人买), buy sb sth (buy sth for sb) do(为某人做为某人做) do sb sth (do sth for sb)（及物）（及物）O间宾间宾（人）（人）O直宾直宾（物）（物）1. He2. She 3. She 4. He 5. I (pass) (cook) (bring) (buy) (tell) herhim m

9、e you her a dress. a meal.a watch. a book.nothing. passedcookedbroughtboughttold 基本句型基本句型 五五 + +O +（主谓宾宾补）（主谓宾宾补）特点：动词虽然是及物动词，但是特点：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语宾语，才能使意思完整，才能使意思完整。 （及物）（及物）（宾语）（宾语） （宾补）（宾补）1.We 2. They3. They 4. They5. What (keep) (paint)

10、(call) (find) (make ) the table the door him the house him clean. green. Bob. dirty. sad? keeppaintedcallfoundmakes第四种句型，还是第五种句型？ My mother made me a teacher. My mother sent me some money. 遇到这种情况，只需分析一下动词后面的“两个宾语”，如果两个词都指的是同一个对象，那么就是第五种句型，相反，就是第四种！.并列句并列句This is me and these are my friends. They mus

11、t stay in water, or they will die. Its not cheap, but it is very good. It was late, so I went to bed. andorbut soHe knocked at the door; there was no answer.Youre alive! And shes dead.名词性从句名词性从句状语从句状语从句定语从句定语从句主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句同位语从句同位语从句.复合句复合句A plane is a machine that can fly.He said that he

12、 didnt like her.状语从句状语从句分为九类：分为九类：时间、地点、原因、结果、时间、地点、原因、结果、 目的、条件、让步、方式、程度目的、条件、让步、方式、程度1) 时间状语从句时间状语从句Wait until you are called.When spring came, leaves turn green.常用的关联词有：常用的关联词有：as, after, before, since, till/ until, when, while, as soon as, whenever等等2) 地点状语从句地点状语从句Put it where you found it.Sit d

13、own wherever you like.常用的关联词有：常用的关联词有：where, wherever, anywhere3) 原因状语从句原因状语从句As I didnt know the way, I asked a policeman常用的关联词有：常用的关联词有：because, as, since4) 结果状语从句结果状语从句I was in the bath so that I didnt hear the telephone.常用的关联词有：常用的关联词有：so, so that, such that, that 5) 目的状语从句目的状语从句Ill show you so you will see how its done.常用的关联词有：常用的关联词有：so, so that, in order that