托福阅读分类题型专项练习题汇编.docx

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1、托福阅读分类题型专项练习题托福阅读分类题型专项练习题 1. 句子简化题 The Great Red Spot One distinctive feature of the planet Jupiter is the Great Red Spot, a massive oval of swirling reddish-brown clouds. Were Earth to be juxtaposed with the Great Red Spot, our planet would be dwarfed in comparison, with a diameter less than half

2、that of the Great Red Spot. The Spots clouds, most likely tinted red as a result of the phosphorus that they contain, circulate in a counterclockwise direction. The outer winds require six Earth days to complete the circumference of the Great Red Spot, a length of time indicative of vastness of the

3、Great Red Spot. 1. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. A. The density of the Great Red spot is much higher than that the Earth. B.

4、If the diameter of the Great Red Spot were doubled, it would equal that of the Earth. C. By placing the Earth next to the Great Red Spot, one could see the Earth has a much smaller diameter. D. Because the Earth is close to the Great Red Spot, Earth is influenced by its huge size. 答案：C 2.Which of th

5、e sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. A. The Earths outer winds move a distance equal to the circumference of the Great Red Spot. B. The outer w

6、inds of the Great Red Spot move more quickly than do those on Earth. C. The Winds moving across the Great Red Spot finally change direction every six Earth days. D. The fact that the winds take so long to move around the Great Red Spot proves how big it is. 答案：D Passage One (Question 1-2) Camouflage

7、 Camouflage is one of the most effective ways for animals to avoid attack in the treeless Arctic. However, the summer and winter landscapes there are so diverse that a single protective coloring scheme would, of course, prove ineffective in one season or the other. Thus, many of the inhabitants of t

8、he Arctic tundra change their camouflage twice a year. The arctic fox is a clear-cut example of this phenomenon; it sports a brownish-gray coat in the summer which then turns white as cold weather sets in, and the process reverses itself in the springtime. Its brownish-gray coat blends in with the b

9、arren tundra landscape in the months without snow, and the white coat naturally blends in with the landscape of the frozen wintertime tundra. 1. Which of the sentences below expresses the essential information in the first highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in

10、important ways or leave out essential information. A. Opposite conditions in summer and in winter necessitate different protective coloration for Arctic animals. B. The coloration of the summer and winter landscapes in the Arctic fails to protect the Arctic tundra. C. In a single season, protective

11、coloring scheme are ineffective in the treeless Arctic. D. For many animals, a single protective coloring scheme effectively protects them during summer and winter months. 答案：A 2. Which of the sentences below expresses the essential information in the second highlighted sentence in the passage? Inco

12、rrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. A. The arctic fox is unusual in that he color of its coat changes for no reason. B. The arctic fox lives in an environment that is brownish gray in the summer and white in the winter. C. It is a phenomenon that th

13、e coat of the arctic fox turns white I the springtime and gray in the fall. D. The arctic fox demonstrates that protective coloration can change during different seasons. 答案：D Passage Two (Question 3-6) Post-it Notes Post-it Notes were invented in the 1970s at the 3M company in Minnesota quite by ac

14、cident, Researchers at 3M were working on developing different types of adhesives, and one particularly weak adhesive, a compound of acrylate copolymermicrospheres, was developed. Employees at 3M were asked if they could think of a use for a weak adhesive which, provided it did not get dirty, could

15、be reused. One suggestion was that it could be applied to a piece of paper to use as a bookmark that would stay in place in a book. Another use was found when the product wasattached to a report that was to be sent to a colleague with a request for comments on the report; the colleague made his comm

16、ents on the paper attached to the report and returned the report. The idea for Post-it Notes was born. It was decided within the company that there would be a test launch of product in1977 in four American cities. Sales of this innovative product in test cities were less than stellar, most likely be

17、cause the product, while innovative, was also quite unfamiliar. A final attempt was then made in the city of Boise to introduce the product. In that attempt, 3M salesmen gave demonstrations of the product in offices throughout Boise and gave away free samples of the produce. When the salesmen return

18、ed a week later to the office workers, having noted how useful the simple little product could be, were interested in purchasing it. Over time, 3M came to understand the huge potential of this new product, and over the next few decades more than 400 varieties of Post-it products - in different color

19、s, shapes, and sizes have been developed. 3. Which of the sentences below expresses the essential information in the first highlighted sentence in the passage 1? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. A. Of the many adhesives that were being develo

20、ped at 3M, one was not a particularly strong adhesive. B. Researchers at 3M spent many years trying to develop a really weak adhesive. C. Numerous weak adhesives resulted from a program to develop the strongest adhesive of all. D. Researchers were assigned to develop different types of uses for acry

21、late copolymer microspheres. 答案：A 4. Which of the sentences below expresses the essential information in the second highlighted sentence in the passage 1? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. A. The 3M company suggested applying for a patent on t

22、he product in a report prepared by a colleague. B. One unexpectedly-discovered use for the adhesive was in sending and receiving notes attached to documents. C. A note was attached to a report asking for suggestion for uses of one of 3Ms products. D. A colleague who developed the new product kept no

23、tes with suggestions by other workers. 答案：B 托福词汇：与心理学相关的托福单词 PSYCHOLOGY 心理学 applied psychology 应专心理学 psychologist 心理学家 psychiatrist 精神病医师, 精神病学 家 psychological 心理的 psychological test 心理测试 conformity 一样;符合;从众 majority 多数人 mental 精神的 minority 少数人 physical 躯体的，物质的，物理的 mental 心理的 spiritual 精神的;心灵的 subje

24、ct 受试验物件;学科 behavior 行为 behavior 行为的 托福词汇：与生理学相关的托福单词 PHYSIOLOGY 生理学 physiologist 生理学家 anatomy 解剖学;人体结构 scalpel 解剖刀 cell 细胞 tissue 组织 organ 器官 organ system 器官系统 digestive system 消化系统 intake ingest 摄入(食物) saliva 唾液 intestine (bowel) 肠 abdomen 腹部 anus 肛门 excrete 排泄 skeletal system 骨骼系统 skeleton 骨骼 skull 托福词汇：与食品类相关的托福单词 . FOOD 食品 food chain 食物链 edible 可食用的 inedible 不行食用的 diet 日常饮食 dietary 饮食的 vegetarian 素食 cereal (grain) 谷类食物 flour 面粉 bread 面包 pastry 面点心 pista 面条类食品 yeast (leaven; ferment) (名词) 酵母; (动 物)发酵 fruit 水果 salad 色拉 meat 荤食 dark meat beef 牛肉 托福阅读分类题型专项练习题