2020高一英语必背语法知识点精选5篇分享精编.docx

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1、2020高一英语必背语法知识点精选5篇分享 高一英语语法1 各种时态的被动语态 被动语态概述 被动语态的概念：它是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的执行或被执行关系。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river. 被动语态的构成 被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态等的不同而改变。几种常见时态的被动语态形式如下： 1. 一般现在

2、时 am/is/are + 过去分词 例如：Rice is planted in the south of China. 2. 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词 例如：These trees were planted the year before last. 3. 一般将来时 will/shall + be + 过去分词 例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school. 4. 现在进行时 am/is/are + being + 过去分词 例如：Your radio is being repaired now. 5.

3、过去进行时 was/were + being + 过去分词 When he got there, the problem was being discussed. 6. 现在完成时 have/has + been + 过去分词 His work has been finished. Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasnt. 7. 过去完成时 had + been + 过去分词 高一英语语法2 一般将来时 1. 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态, 常与表示将来的时间状语连用。 例句 I dont know what will

4、happen in the future. 2. 常用来表示将来时的结构包括： (1) shall / will + 动词原形：(单纯) 表将来, 一般不用于条件句。 (2) be going to + 动词原形：(安排)准备做。 (3) be about to + 动词原形：即将或刚要去做某事,通常不与时间状语连用,但可与when引导的从句连用。 (4) be to + 动词原形：预定要做。 (5) be doing 表示按安排、支配即将发生的动作,常与go, start, set out, leave, reach, arrive, return, come, move等表位移的动词连用。

5、 高一英语语法3 (二) 内容一样原则: 1.主语中有all, half, most, the rest等, 以及”分数或百分数+名词”做主语时,谓语动词单复数取决于连用的名词.如: The rest of the bikes are on sale today. 剩下的自行车， 今日出售。 60%of the apple was eaten by little boy. 这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了。 Most of the apples were rotten. 大部分的苹果都是烂的。 Most of the apple was eaten by a rat. 这个苹果的大部分被老鼠

6、吃了。 2. 不定数量的词组, 如:part of , a lot of , lots of , one of , a number of , plenty of等作主语时, 第3 / 7页 谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数.如: A part of the textbooks have arrived. 一小部分教科书已运到。 A part of the apple has been eaten up by the pig. 这个苹果的一部分被猪吃光了。 3. 加减乘除用单数.如: Fifteen minus five is ten . 15减去5等于10。 4. 表示时间, 金钱,

7、距离, 度量等的名词做主语时, 尽管是复数形式, 它们做为一个单一的概念时, 其谓语动词用单数.如: Ten miles is a good distance. 十英里是一个相当的距离。 5. (1) 通常作复数的集体名词. 包括police , people, cattle 等, 这些集体名词通常用作复数.如: The British police have only very limited powers. (2) 通常作不行数名词的集体名词. 包括equipment, furniture, clothing, luggage 等. (3) 可作单数也可作复数的集体名词. 包括 audie

8、nce, committee, government, family, enemy, group, party, team, public 等.如: The committee has/have decided to dismiss him. 委员会确定解雇他。 6. the +形容词/过去分词形式”表示一类人或事物, 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数.如: The injured were saved after the fire. 高一英语语法4 一般过去时 1. 表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 例句 She went to the zoo yesterday. 2. 在时间、条件状语

9、从句中代替过去将来时。 例句 He said when she came he would tell her. 高一英语语法5 虚拟条件句的倒装 虚拟条件句的从句部分假如含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。 Were they here now, they could help us. =If they were here now, they could help us. Had you come earlier, you would have met him =If you had come earlier,

10、 you would have met him. Should it rain, the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain, the crops would be saved. 留意： 在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用were，不用was， 即在从句中be用were代替。 If I were you, I would go to look for him. 假如我是你，就会去找他。 If he were here, everything would be all right.假如他在这儿，一切都会好的。 2020高一英语必背语法学问点精选5篇共享