1834年前英国东印度公司对华茶叶贸易研究-谢瑞育.pdf
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1、分类号学校代码 10542密级学号2911020505961 834年前英国东印度公司对华茶叶贸易研究A Study of the British East India CompanyS Tea Tradewith China before 1 834指导教师姓名、职称 莹墓 型麴丝湖南师范大学学位评定委员会办公室二零一四年五月摘要本文考察了17世纪到19世纪30年代上半叶英国东印度公司对华茶叶贸易由兴起到逐步繁荣的历史,从公司自身的因素、政府的支持及社会背景等多方面分析了这一贸易发展的原因,探讨了早期英国对华商业扩张和中英关系的特点,揭示了这一时期茶叶贸易对英国经济发展、政治外交和社会生活的
2、深刻影响。文章各部分的具体内容如下:第一部分,考察1834年以前英国东印度公司对华茶叶贸易的总体情况,梳理了这一时期公司对华茶叶贸易的发展脉络:17世纪公司最初的茶叶贸易为间接转口贸易,18世纪上半叶发展为同中国的直接贸易,18世纪中叶以后公司将东方贸易的重心完全转向中国茶叶,中英茶叶贸易进入繁荣发展的阶段。第二部分,考察英国东印度公司为发展对华茶叶贸易所采取的措施,着重探讨公司如何通过良好的管理和优厚的薪酬制度,以及政府给予的特许权维持对茶叶贸易的垄断,并通过自身努力和鸦片贸易解决贸易资金问题。第三部分,考察英国政府在税收政策和外交等方面对东印度公司华茶贸易的支持,分析了政府支持公司茶叶贸易
3、的复杂原因。第四部分,论述英国东印度公司对华茶叶贸易的影响,包括其对英国经济、文化发展和人们社会生活的积极作用,对英国海外商业扩张的不利影响,以及对中英关系的影响。关键词: 英国; 东印度公司; 茶叶贸易AB STRACTThis thesis investigates the British East India CompanyS tea tradehistroy of rise and prosperity from the 1 7th Century to the first 3 0 yearsof 1 9th CenturyIt focuses on the perspective o
4、f the own efforts of theCompany,the support of the goverment,the social background and SO on,all of these contributed to the development of the tea trade with ChinaOnthe other hand,it tries to search the charecteristics of British commercialexpansion to China in the early years and the relationship
5、between Chinaand Britain,meanwhile it reveals the profound influence of tea trade onthe economy,political and social life of the Britain during the periodThespecial contents of each part are as follows:In the first part,it investigates the general situation of the BritishEast India CompanyS tea trad
6、e with China before 1 834,and outlines thedevelopment of the tea trade:for the most years of the 1 7m century,theCompany just imported the tea from other places instead of directly fromChinaSince the first half of the 1 8m century,the way of tea tradechanged,the Company purchased the tea from China
7、directlyAnd in thelast half of the 1 8m century,the centre gravity of the CompanyS badewith the orient totally shifed to China because of the teaFrom thenon,the CompanyS tea trade with China got into the stage of boomIIIIn the second part,it discusses the measures taken by the BritishEast India Comp
8、any to develop tea trade with ChinaIt focuses on thegood management,the competitive salary and the charter given by theBritish government SO that the company could maintain the monopoly ofthe tea trade with ChinaMeanwhile the Company tried to solve theproblem of capital shortage on their own and by
9、Opium trade with ChinaIn the third part,it examines the British governmentS support on theBritish East India CompanyS tea trade with China by diplomacy and taxpolicy,and concludes the complicated reasons why the government tendsto do SOIn the fourth part,it mainly illustrates the influences of the B
10、ritishEast India CompanyS tea trade with China,which includes the influnceson the British economy,the development of culture,and the postiveeffects on the social life of the BritishBesides,it concludes the negativeinfluence on its business expansion overseas,and lastly,the influence onthe relationsh
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