GRE阅读考试如何加快速度呢汇编.docx

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1、GRE阅读考试如何加快速度呢GRE阅读考试如何加快速度 泛读如何?泛读就是大致看看，但GRE题目有时考到段落或文章整体结构，这哪里是随意阅读就可以驾驭的?人们也总结许多阅读技巧。 它们当然可以帮助读者有效的缩小阅读量，甚至激励人完全忽视掉那些专业的细微环节，但这些技巧存在有共同的问题：只对讲解员所讲到的有限的文章适用。 改进的方法是独创不同的技巧去对应全部文章。 这些做做GRE阅读理解的手法理论上可行，但在实践上给考生留下问题：他们不简单知道何时该运用哪些技巧。技巧越多，就越具特别性，杂多技巧的组合，让人感到混乱。 另一方面，做题的技巧倒是特别好用，不过，运用做题技巧的基本条件是知道题目考察的

2、是文章的哪个位置;位置的确定或许不能只靠单纯阅读技巧来碰运气。 GRE文章是论证性文字，不是说明性文字，如电视机的说明书和校内简介，也不是叙述性文字，如长篇小说和短篇小说。GRE题目也总是以考论证结构为主。 例如，考主题和看法(包括写法型EXCEPT，考负评价的取非，从否定角度考核心内容的一般的EXCEPT);考特别论证内容，如让步、对比;考句子在段落中的作用(in order to);考有哪些论据(论据列举);考论据中的特别形式(泛指化)。 由此，新GRE阅读读文章最重要的是分析结构。分析结构是一种探讨式的学习，在其要求下，我们的阅读方法是结构化阅读。 论证性文字肯定是以论证为特点，这特点及

3、于文章的各个层面：篇章-段落-句子-单词。 篇章由多个论点组成，论点由作为论据的句子构成，句子本身的典型构成是前后场由表示论证关系的词汇连接，体现论证的意义的单词最重要。要真懂得文章，必需把全部那些表现论证的字词句抓出，而这却恰好是过去全部阅读方法都忽视的。 关联词和广义的关联成分，经过GRE的反复宣扬，已经获得众所周知的重要性，在此不论。但是，单纯的关联词也可能组成没有簇新内容的堆砌文章，于是内容上的关联成为必要，这靠论证形式，也就是，我们要看一个论点是如何绽开的，或说文章是如何结构或论证的。 对一个论点而言，论证的方式是分角度;但不是全部论点都可以分角度，那些不简单分角度的，论点根据其自身

4、潜在包含的内容绽开，由此有差异、正、反三类关系，每种关系的论证都相对模式化。这样，我们就可以懂得GRE阅读理解文章每句话在论证上的作用，无须完全依靠对文章各句所涉专业学问的了解。 GRE阅读材料练习：上海房价不断飙升 SHANGHAI, Chinas financial centre, does not make it easy on outsiders wishing to buy homes.Non-residents who are single are banned from buying property. The married are welcome butonly so lon

5、g as they have paid local taxes for two years and make nearly a third of thepurchase in cash. Shenyang, Chinas biggest northern city, is far more welcoming. Anyone canbuy a home there. All to little effect: housing prices in Shanghai, five times more expensive thanthose in Shenyang, have risen by 20

6、% over the past year; those in the northern city haveedged down. 上海是中国的金融中心，对于外来打工者来说，想在这里安家置业肯定不是一件简单的事。单身的非长驻居民不允许在这里买房。已婚人士购房是欢迎的，但前提是已经向地方政府上缴了两年税款并现金支付至少三分之一的购房款。中国北方的城市沈阳远比上海“热忱好客”。任何人都可以在沈阳买房。但仍旧无济于事，上海的房价比沈阳贵5倍，并且在去年一年里增长了20%，与此同时，北方城市房价却小幅下降。 This bifurcation is a worry for the government,

7、which wants to spur growth without inflatingbubbles. A divergence in housing prices between wealthy cities and the hinterland is a familiarproblem in other countriesjust look at London and Lincolnshire, say, or New York andNebraska. But the divisions are starker in China. In its most prosperous citi

8、es, already giddyprices continue to shoot up, while unsold flats pile up in markets where valuations were low tobegin with. Moreover, construction has long been one of the economys main engines,accounting for as much as a quarter of GDP growth until recently. This makes it especiallyimportant that t

9、he government get the balance right. Doing so is proving hard. 政府希望既能刺激经济又不引发通胀，因此对两极分化的现象感到担忧。一线城市和欠发达地区的房价分化现象在其他国家也不少见：例如伦敦和林肯郡、纽约和内布拉斯加州。然而这种分化在中国表现得更明显。一边是在中国最繁华的城市里持续飙涨的房价，另一边则是原来市值就低的房子待售成堆。而且建筑行业始终是国家经济增长的主要引擎之一，直到最近仍占GDP增长的四分之一。因此，对于政府来说，保持平衡至关重要却也困难重重。 Over the past half-year, the governme

10、nt has unveiled a series of measures to support thehousing market that specifically exclude Chinas five hottest markets (Beijing, Guangzhou,Sanya, Shanghai and Shenzhen). People buying homes need only make a 20% down-paymentto obtain a mortgage, except in the five conurbations, where they must put d

11、own 30%. Bythe same token, in most of the country transaction taxes have been cut by as much as two-thirds for people buying second homes; in the five outliers they have been left unchanged. InShenzhen, a southern tech hub that is the frothiest market, with prices up by 53% in the pastyear alone, lo

12、cal officials have vowed to crack down on speculators and expand the supply ofaffordable housing. 在过去半年里，政府出台了一系列政策来稳住大部分城市的房地产市场(北京、广州、三亚、上海和深圳这五个房地产最火的城市除外)。购房者只需支付20%的首付款即可获得房屋贷款(这五个城市则须要付30%);二手房购房者所要上缴的交易印花税也降低了三分之二(这五个城市保持不变)。深圳作为南方的科技中心，房价在去年一年上涨53%，成为泡沫最严峻的城市，当地政府发誓要严控房产投机并加大可负担住房的供应。 The re

13、sults of this two-tier system have beenmeagre so far. The frenzy in the biggest cities stemsfrom the central banks steady loosening ofmonetary policy over the past 18 months. Althoughwarranted from an economic perspective, it wasinevitable that low interest rates would drive assetprices higher. Init

14、ially, much of the credit pumpedout by banks ended up in the stockmarket, butfollowing its crash last summer, property beckoned as one of the few decent investmentoptions in China (capital controls, which have been further tightened recently, make it hard forChinese savers to invest their money abro

15、ad). 这种分而治之的房地产政策目前看来收效甚微。大城市房价飙涨的根源是央行在过去18月来逐步放宽的货币政策。尽管该政策的目的是为了拉动经济，但低利率不行避开地会拉升固定资产价格。一起先，银行释放的大部分信贷涌向了股市，然而经验了去年夏天的股灾之后，房地产成为了投资者们为数不多的上佳选择(资本管制最近也逐步收紧，这让中国人很难把他们的存款投资到境外市场)。 For speculators looking at property, the excess supply in smaller cities was all too evident, sothey turned instead to

16、the megalopolises. Du Jinsong of Credit Suisse describes it as a form of group think. “Everybodyinvestors, developers, policymakers and bankersthinks that first-tiercities are safe,” he says. 对于把目光投向房地产的投机客而言，小城市的房屋供应过剩太明显，所以他们转而看向大城市。瑞士信贷的杜劲松把这种状况描述为集体迷思：“每个人投资者、开发商、政策制定者和银行家都认为投资一线城市更加平安。” Even as

17、 the government tries to restrain the excesses, however, it does not want to snuff outthe rally in the big cities altogether, for they tend to influence sentiment elsewhere. There aresigns that this is beginning to happen. Housing prices started rising month on month in thebiggest cities a year ago.

18、 In midsized cities (in China, those with populations of 5m-10m), priceshave been rising for the past four months. In smaller cities (mere hamlets of 1m-5m), gainshave been evident only for the past two months (see chart). 即使政府希望抑制这种过量投资，但并不准备把涌进大城市的各路资金全部赶走，以防他们对其他敏感领域施加影响。这种趋势已经可见端倪。大城市的房价在过去的一整年中

19、连月增长;中等城市(人口在五百万到一千万之间)的房价在过去四个月持续增长;而小城市(人口在一百万到五百万之间)的房价只在过去两个月有明显增长。 If this upturn lasts, some investors reckon it will spur construction. Commodities used to buildapartment blocks, such as iron (girders) and copper (wires), have recovered slightly from theirrecent swoon, partly in the hope that

20、 Chinas property market is also stirring (see article).Indeed, a series of mini-cycles in the Chinese housing sector over the past decade followed thissort of pattern: rising housing sales led to new building starts, which in turn pushedcommodity prices higher. 假如状况能持续好转，一些投资者认为它将会刺激建筑行业。如铁梁、铜线这类用于建

21、立公寓的材料商品，都已慢慢从最近的低迷期得以复苏。部分以期中国房地产市场也将处于动荡。的确，中国房地产行业过去十年一系列小周期活动都遵循这种模式：房产销售上涨带动新建筑的开发，新建筑的开发反过来推动材料价格上升。 Figures from the China Index Academy, a data provider, show that the stock of unsold homeshas decreased recently, from nearly 30 months worth of sales early last year to 15 now. “Ahousing marke

22、t with rising volume and prices clearly does not support the view that, on amacro level, Chinas housing market is oversupplied,” notes Liang Hong of China InternationalCapital Corp, an investment bank. 依据中国指数探讨院供应的一官方数据显示，未售房屋的存量在最近得以削减，从去年初近30个月的销售量，削减至目前的15个月。“这个存量和价格并升的房地产市场明显并不能从支持宏观上中国房地产市场产能过量

23、的观点，”中国国际金融公司(投行)梁宏如是说道。 But there is a further vast increment of supply on the verge of coming to market, becausedevelopers slowed the pace of construction in recent years and in some cases halted italtogether. 但是大量的供房即将上市，因为开发商近年放缓了大兴土木的节奏，一些建筑都已全部停工。 There were 4.7 billion square metres of housin

24、gunder construction but not yet available for sale atthe end of last year, up by 25% from the end of2011; 452 million square metres of housing were onsale, nearly three times as much as at the end of2011. Some provinces and cities are drafting plans toconvert unsold homes into subsidised housing for

25、poorer residents. Xi Jinping, Chinas president, hassaid that reducing property inventory is a “battle of annihilation” that must be won torevitalise the economy. Revived demand for new construction, in short, is a long way off. 去年年末，有47亿平方米的在建楼房都没有开放销售，从2011年年末算起增长了25%;4.52亿平方米的房屋都在出售，数量将近是2011年年末的3

26、倍。一些省份和城市在起草安排，准备将未售房屋变成穷困居民的补助房。X.X提到，削减房地产库存是一场必需要打赢的经济复兴的“歼灭战”。要复兴对建筑行业的蓬勃需求还有一段很长的路要走。 The exception is sure to be Chinas biggest cities, where there clearly is an imbalance betweensupply and demand. Shenzhen and Shanghai, in particular, are popular with the young andthe highly educated, just th

27、e kinds of people that push up housing prices. They are two ofChinas best-run cities, offering good transport links, good jobs and, by Chinese standards,good air. Unsold housing inventories cover just about five months of demand at the currentpace of sales, indicating that more construction is needed. 中国的大城市明显是个例外，那里房地产供应与需求明显不平衡。尤其是深圳与上海，颇受具有高等学历的年轻人欢迎，他们也正是那些推动房价上涨的人。作为中国两大发展的城市，上海和深圳能供应便利的交通，较好的工作环境，还有依据中国标准所谓的优质空气。以当前房地产销售速率，未出售的楼房库存仅能满意五个月的需求。这表明我们须要更多地建立楼房。 GRE阅读考试如何加快速度呢