高二英语必修五知识点总结精选最新5篇汇总.docx

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1、高二英语必修五知识点总结精选最新5篇高二英语必修五学问点1 1. 一般过去时的定义 一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。常与过去时间yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before , when clause, in the past连用。如： What did you do yesterday? 昨天你干了什么? I met Lin Tao this morning.

2、今日上午我会到了林涛。 I was there a moment ago. 刚才我在那儿。 2. 一般过去时的应用 (1) 表示过去某时所发生的动作或存在的状态。如： Liu Ying was in America last year. 刘英去年在美国。 Jim rang you just now. 吉姆刚才给你打了电话。 (2) 表示过去常常或反复发生的动作。常接时间副词often, usually, always, sometimes, every day / week, etc. 如： We often went out for a walk after supper. 我们过去常在晚饭

3、后漫步。 We usually played together. 我们通常一起玩。 3. 一般过去时对谓语动词的要求 page 一般过去时的谓语动词要用动词的过去式。动词过去式的构成分规则改变和不规则改变两种形式，不规则改变通常须要逐个记忆，规则改变则遵循以下原则： (1) 一般在动词后加-ed。如：playplayed, offeroffered, weighweighed, destroy destroyed, signsigned. (2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。如：likeliked, provideprovided, hate hated, datedated。 (3)

4、在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加ed。如：supplysupplied, flyflied, study studied. (4) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最终一个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：planplanned, referreferred, regretregretted, banbanned. 4. 特殊说明 有些动词的过去时，如：expect, hope, intend, plan, wanted 等一般过去时，后接不定式的完成时;或它们的过去完成时接不定式的一般式，都可表示过去未曾实现的意图、准备或希望。如： I hoped

5、 to have been invited to his wedding party. I had hoped to be invited to his wedding ceremony. 我本希望他来邀请我参与他的婚礼。 I intended to have joined their games. I had intended to join their games. 我本准备参与他们的竞赛。 高二英语必修五学问点2 1. first aid 的意思是“急救”，例如：first aid to the injured 赐予伤员的急救。 短语联想 give/offer aid 救济 come t

6、o sb's aid 帮助某人 teaching aids 教具 medical aid 医疗救援 with the aid of 借助于 get injured 受伤，在现代英语中大量地出现了由“get + 及物动词不达意的过去分词”构成的被动语态，这叫 get - 型被动语态。又如： The computer got (was)damaged when we were moving. My bike is getting (is being)repaired row. 2. Protect 动词，“爱护、维护”，用于句式“protect + 名词 + against/from +

7、名词”。 e.g. He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight. Keep. from. 不让/避开 stop. (from) . 阻挡 prevent.(from) . 阻碍/防止 disable. from. 使失去(实力/资格) save. from. 挽救、挽救 3.depend on 取决于。 e.g. The amount you pay depends on where you live.词义拓展 depend on 依靠，依靠：His family depends on him. 他

8、的一家人全靠他养活。 依靠，信任：We are depending on you to finish the job by Friday. 4. squeeze 动词，意思是“榨取”、“挤出”，例如：squeeze an orange 榨橘子 squeeze + 名词 + out(of/from) + 名词， e.g. Those blackmailers intended to squeeze more money out of him. 5. hurt 既可作及物动词，作“损害”、“使受伤”解，也可作不及物动词，作“难受”、“感到难受”解。既可表达身体的受伤，也可以表达情感的损害。例如：

9、e.g. The little boy has fallen off a ladder and hurt himself. The driver hurt himself in the accident. 司机在事故中受了伤。 6. unless 除非;假如不。如： 7. icy adj. 冰凉的 -y 是个形容词后缀。如： windy 有风的 hilly 多小山的 sleepy 困倦的 greeny 略呈绿色 spicy 辛辣的 woody 树木茂密的 thirsty 饥渴的 dirty 脏的 snowy 下雪的 8. in place 放在适当的地方。如： e.g. The librari

10、an put the returned books in place. 图书管理员把还回的图书放到原处。 Yon'd better put things back in place.Otherwise, it will be difficult to find things. 9. sense n. 感觉 sense of touch 触觉 sense of sight 视觉 sense of hearing 听觉 sense of smell 嗅觉 sense of humour 幽默感 sense of beauty 美感 ense of hunger 饥饿感 the sixth

11、sense 第六感 10. variety n. 多样, 种类, a variety of 各种各样 高二英语必修五学问点3 一、不定式做主语： 1、不定式做主语一般表示详细的某次动作。=动名词doing 表示习惯的，常常的动作。 e.g: To finish the building in a month is difficult. To do such things is foolish. To see is to believe. (对等) 注: 1). 不定式作主语时,谓语用单数 2). 当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。 it做形式主语，不定式放在

12、谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中： (1)It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do (2) It is +adj.+for sb.+to do It is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary (3) it is +a +名词+ to do. It is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / ones duty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job to do It takes (

13、sb.) some time / courage / patience to do It requires courage / patience / hard work to do 留意: probable 和 possible 均可作表语，但possible可以用不定式作真实主语， 而probable不能用不定式作真实主语。 It is probable for him to come to the meeting.(错) It is possible for him to come to the meeting. It is possible / probable that he will

14、 come to the meeting. 二、不定式做表语 主语是以aim duty hope idea intention plan job suggestion wish purpose task 等为中心词的名词词组 或以 what 引导的名词性从句表示，后面的不定式说明其内容, 不定式作表语常表示将来或现在的动作或状态。 eg :My idea is to climb the mountain from the north. Your mistake was not to write that letter. What I would suggest is to start work

15、 at once. 三 、动词不定式作宾语 以不定式结构为宾语的动词有： ask, agree, care, choose, demand, decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish等只能用动词不定式作宾语 口诀(接不定式作宾语的动词) 想要学习 早准备( want learn plan) 快打算 有希望( prepare hope wish expect) 同意否 供选择(agree offer choose) 确定了

16、已答应(decide be determined promise) 尽力去 着手做(manage undertake) 别拒绝 别假装(refuse pretend) 失败不是属于你(fail) e.g.Tom refused to lend me his pen. We hope to get there before dark. The girl decided to do it herself. 高二英语必修五学问点4 1. first aid 的意思是“急救”，例如：first aid to the injured 赐予伤员的急救。 短语联想： give/offer aid 救济 co

17、me to sb's aid 帮助某人 teaching aids 教具 medical aid 医疗救援 with the aid of 借助于 get injured 受伤，在现代英语中大量地出现了由“get + 及物动词不达意的过去分词”构成的被动语态，这叫 get - 型被动语态。又如： The computer got (was)damaged when we were moving. 我们搬家的时候，电脑碰坏了。 高二英语必修五学问点5 一、引导主语从句的连词主要有： 从属连词：that whether 连接代词：who whoever whom whose what wh

18、atever which whichever 连接副词：when where how why 二、用法 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 主语从句常用it作形式主语，一般常用句型为：It is+名词/形容词/过去分词+主语从句例如： It is still a question whether she will come or not. It is strange that you should like him. It is still unknown which team w

19、ill win the match. 另外，还有一些比较多见的结构： It turned out that; It has been proved that; It happened/occurred that; It is well-known that等等 而强调句则不同，它的结构是：It+be+被强调部分+that+从句 强调主语：It is the times that produce their heroes.时势造英雄 强调宾语：It is English that Prof.Lin teaches us. 强调状语：It was in shanghai that I saw th

20、e film. 推断是否是强调句有一个方法，就是将that以后的“句子的其余部分”拿出来单独看，看有没有缺成分，缺的是什么成分，再把谓语动词后面that前面的那部分，带到你认为缺成分的地方，假如放进去是一句完整的句子了，那就说明是强调句。 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is +名词+that从句 It is a fact that 事实是 It is an honor that 特别荣幸 It is common knowledge that 是常识 (2) it is +形容词+that从句 It is natural that 很自然 It is strange that

21、惊奇的是 (3) it +不及物动词+that从句 It seems that 好像 It happened that 碰巧 (4) it is+过去分词+that从句 It is reported that 据报道 It has been proved that 已证明 3.主语从句不行位于句首的五种状况 (1) if引导的主语从句不行居于复合句句首。 (2) It is said , (reported) 结构中的主语从句不行提前。例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (3) It happ

22、ens, It occurs 结构中的主语从句不行提前。例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (4) It doesnt matter how/whether 结构中的主语从句不行提前。例如： It doesnt matter whether he is wrong or not. (5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不行提前。例如： Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? 4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区分 What 引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语.宾语.表语，而that 则不然。例如： What you said yesterday is right. 三、宾语从句用以区分主语从句的几个特征 1、引导词：what which whose when whet herif where 2语序：宾语从句必需是用陈述语句。(名词性从句都是陈述语序) 如：I think that you must work harder. 宾语从句的引导词、连接词的区分、否定转移等现象。 补充：从句的语序恒久是陈述句。 高二英语必修五学问点总结精选最新5篇