高二英语必修五必背知识点总结大全分享优质.docx

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1、高二英语必修五必背知识点总结大全分享 高二英语必修五学问点1 assist vt.vi. 帮助;救济;参加;出席 常用结构： assist sb. in/with sth. 帮助(某人)某事 assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助(某人)做某事 assist sb. to do sth. 帮助(某人)做某事 assist with 帮助(照料，做);在上赐予帮助 I am willing to assist you whenever there is an opportunity. 有机会我愿随时帮你。 Im afraid I cant assist you, you have

2、 to go and see the manager. 我唯恐帮不上忙，你得去找经理。 The headmaster assists with a lot of things when free. 有空时校长会帮忙做许多事。 高二英语必修五学问点2 句子成分的省略 为了避开重复，或者为了使某一内容引人注目，可以省略某些句子成分而保持句子原意不变。 1.省略主语 Beg your pardon.请你宽恕。(= I beg your pardon.) Serves you right. 你活该(= It serves you right.) 2.省略谓语 Anything the matter?

3、要紧吗?(= Is anything the matter?) The river was deep and the ice thin. 河很深，冰很薄。 (= The river was deep and the ice was thin.) 3.省略表语 Are you ready? Yes,I am.(am 后面省略了表语 ready) 4.省略宾语 We have to analyze and solve problems. (analyze 后省略了宾语 problems) Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you'll d

4、ry.(wash 和 dry 后面省略了宾语 dishes) 5.省略定语 He spent part of the money, and the rest he saved.(the rest 后面省略了定语 of the money) 6.省略状语 (Even)The wisest man cannot know everything. 省略在句子中的应用 在一个句子中，省略可分为依靠上下文省略和不依靠上下文省略两种。前者省略的部分可在句子中找到，但后者可能找不到。 高二英语必修五学问点3 Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfew

5、days. Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparentscompany. Confusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair. Exhausted,Islidintothebedandfellfastasleep. 过去分词作状语：过去分词作状语时，说明动作发生的背景或状况，其等同于一个状语从句。vt过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成被动关系，表示被动和完成，vi过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。 Heated,waterchangesintosteam. Theprofessorcamein,followed

6、byagroupofyoungpeople. 1作缘由状语，等于as/since/because引导从句 Movedbywhatshesaid,wecouldnthelpcrying.=(Aswearemovedbywhatshesaid 2作时间状语，等于when引导时间从句，假如分词表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生，可在分词前加when/while/until等使时间意义更明确。 Whenheated,watercanbechangedintosteam. Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.=(Whentheparkisseenfromthe

7、hill 3作条件状语等于if/whether引导从句 Givenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.=(Iftheyhavebeengivenmoreattention. Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo=(Ifwearecomparedwithyou 4作方式或伴随状语 Theactresscamein,followedbyherfans. Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought. 5作让步状语 Muchtired,hestillkeptonworking.=(Al

8、thoughhewastired,)he. 6独立主格结构：当分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时，分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。常用来表示伴随状况。 Theboyrushedintotheclassroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat. Allthingsconsidered,yourarticleisofgreatvaluethanhers. Rewritewithproperconjunctions Example:Unitedwestand,dividedwefall. Ifweareunited,wewillstand,butifwearediv

9、ided,wewillfall. 1Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit. Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened, 2Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures. Becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice, 3Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter. Ifweweregivenmoretime, 4OncetranslatedintoChinese,t

10、hebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers. OnceitwastranslatedintoChinese, 5Deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor. Becauseshewasdeeplyinterestedinmedicine, 6Leftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall. Althoughhewasleftaloneathome, 高二英语必修五学问点4 1.English is a widely used language. 2.He

11、 threw away the broken cup. 3.This is one of the schools built in 1980s. 4.Prices of daily goods bought through a computer can be lower than store prices. 单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面; 过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。 spoken English = English which is spoken terrified people = the people who are terrified an organized

12、 way = a way that is organized affected area 灾区 = the area which is affected stolen culture relics = culture relics that had been stolen the book recommended by the teacher = the book which was recommended by the teacher printed articles = articles that are printed 高二英语必修五学问点5 1. impression n. 印记;印象

13、;感想;后接 of sb./ of sth./ on sb./ that 从句; My first impression of him was favorable.他给我的第一印象特别讨人喜爱。 I got the impression that they were unhappy about the situation. 他们给我的印象是他们对这个情形不是很快乐。 学问拓展：impress v.给留下深刻的印象;使牢记;使感动;常用结构有：impress sth. on/upon sb./impress sb. with sth.给留下深刻的印象;使牢记; It impressed me t

14、hat she remembered my name.令我佩服的是她记得我的名字。 2. remind v.提示;使想起;常用结构有: remind sb. to do sth.提示某人做某事;remind sb.+(that)/wh-从句 提示某人;使某人想起;remind sb. about/of sth. 使某人想起或意识到;提示某人某事 I'm sorry, but I've forgotten your name, can you remind me? 很愧疚，我遗忘你叫什么名字了，你能提示一下吗? You remind me of your father when

15、you say that. 说到那的时候，我想起了你的父亲。 学问拓展：reminder n.提示物;引起回忆的事物 3. constantly adv.始终;始终;重复不断地 Fashion is constantly changing.时尚总是日新月异。 学问拓展：constant adj.连续发生的;不断的;重复的; 4. previous adj.从前的;以往的;(时间上)稍前的; No previous experience is necessary for this job. 以往的阅历对这项工作不是很有必要。 I couldn't believe it when I he

16、ard the news.我听到这个消息的时候，我觉得简直令人那以置信。 I had only seen him the previous day. 我只在几天前见到过他。 学问拓展：previously adv. 从前的;早先 The building had previously been used as a hotel.这栋建筑早些时候被用作旅馆。 5. bend v.(bent bent)弯曲;使弯曲;弯腰;弯身;常用搭配有: bend one's mind/efforts to sth. 致力于某事 bend sb.to sth. 迫使;劝服 bend the truth 歪

17、曲事实 It's hard to bend an iron bar. 把铁棒弄弯很不简单。 She bent her head and kissed her daughter. 她低下头吻了她的女儿。 6. press v. 压;按;推;挤;坚持;敦促 n. 报章杂志，新闻工作者，新闻界 She pressed a handkerchief to his nose. 她用手绢捂住鼻子。 She pressed down hard on the gas pedal. 她用力踩下油门踏板。 He is still pressing her claim for compensation. 他

18、仍坚持索赔。 The press was/were not allowed to attend the trial. 庭审谢绝新闻采访。 7. switch n. v. 用作名词表示“开关;转换”。用作动词表示“转换”。 She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born. 她生第一个孩子的时候调整了工作，把全职工作转换成了兼职工作。 Press these two keys to switch between documents on screen. 按这两个键来转换屏幕上的文件

19、。 I can't work next week, will you switch with me? 下周我不想上班，你能和我换一下班。 8. lack n. v. 用作名词，表示：“缺乏;短缺”;用作动词，表示：“缺乏;短缺;没有;不足”。 a lack of food /money/skills 缺乏食物/金钱/技能 The trip was cancelled through lack of interest. 因为缺乏爱好这次旅行被取消了。 He lacks confidence. 他缺乏信念。 学问拓展：lacking adj. 缺乏;没有;匮乏;不足 9. surround

20、ings n.环境;surround v. 围绕;环绕 surrounding adj. 四周的;旁边的 Everyone likes to work in pleasant surroundings. 每个人都喜爱在开心的环境中工作。 10. catch/gain/get sight of 发觉，看出;lose sight of 看不见,遗忘; lose one's sight 失明;at first sight 一见就;乍看起来;at (the) sight of 一望见就;be in sight 看得见，在眼前;out of sight 看不见At first sight, th

21、e problem seems easy. 乍一看，这个问题好像很简洁。 At the sight of the teacher, the boy ran away. 小男孩一看到老师就跑了。 The island is still in sight. 小岛仍旧在眼前。 Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见，心不烦。 11. take up：to fill or use an amount of space or time 占用(时间);占据(空间);to learn to or start to do sth 起先做(某项工作);起先从事;to accept sth.

22、 that is offered or available 接受(建议或能得到的东西) The table takes up too much room. 这张桌子太占地儿。 They have taken up golf. 他们学起打高尔夫球来了。 She took up his offer of a drink. 他请她喝一杯，她接受了。 He takes up his duties next week. 他下周就要起先履行职责。 12. sweep up 打扫;清扫;横扫;涌向;快速地抱起 He swept up the baby up into his arms. 他一把将孩子抱进怀里 高二英语必修五必背学问点总结大全共享