英语学业水平考试知识点汇总高中优质.docx

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1、英语学业水平考试知识点汇总高中中学英语学业水平考试学问点1 1. Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. 除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。假如须要的话，可以运用剪刀。 unless是连词，意为“假如不，除非”。在真实条件句中，unless引导的确定条件状语从句，可以和if.not.引导的否定状语从句互换。 Unless you change your mind，I won，t be able to help you. =If you don?t change your m

2、ind，I won t be able to help you. 除非你变更想法，否则我不能帮助你。 I want you to keep working unless I tell you to stop. =I want you to keep working if I dont tell you to stop. 假如我没说让你停，你就得接着干。 留意：unless 不行用于假想的事情，因此当if.not引导非真实条件状语从句时，一般不行改用unless。 例题：单项填空 All the dishes in this menu, _ otherwise stated, will serv

3、e two to three people. A. As B. if C. though D. unless Dont promise anything _ you are one hundred percent sure. A. Whether B. after C. how D. unless 解析: 选D。考查状语从句的引导词。句意为：在这份菜单上的全部菜，除非另外说明，会给两到三个人食用。 选D。句意为：除非你有完全的把握，否则不要做出承诺。unless除非。 2. John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. 约翰正在房

4、里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。 此句型中when作并列连词,相当于and then,意为“正值时，突然”。 常用结构： be doing.when. 正在做突然 had done.when. 刚做了突然 be about to do.when. 刚要做突然 be on the point of doing sth. when. 刚要做突然 例题：单项填空 She had just finished her homework _ her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. A. When B. while C. afte

5、r D. since We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started. A. When B. while C. until D. before I _ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident . A. went; was occurring B. went; occurred C. was going; occurred D. was going; had occurred 解析: 选A。由句意可知此处when用作并列连词，意为“这时”。选A

6、。when作连词，表示“正在这时”。句意为：我们正在湖中游泳，突然暴风雨来了。选C。主句要用过去进行时,表示当时正在路上走着;when引导的从句多用一般过去时。 中学英语学业水平考试学问点2 1.because of 因为 (留意和because 的区分) 2. even if (= even thoug)即使，用来引导让步状语从句 3. come up 走上前来，走近，发生，出现 come up with 追上，赶上，提出 4. communicate with sb 和某人沟通 5. be different from 与不同 be different in 在方面不同 Most of m

7、y projects are different in performance. 我多数作品的演奏风格都不同。 6. be based on 以为基础 7. at present 目前，眼下 for the present眼前;短暂 8. make (good/better/full)use of 9. the latter后者 the former 前者 10. a large number of 大量的 the number of 的数量 11. such as 例如 12. hold on 坚持住，握住不放;(打电话时)等会 13. you will hear the differenc

8、e in the way(that/ in which) people speak. 你会听出人们在说话时的差异。 14. play a role/ part (in) 在中担当角色;在中起作用;扮演一个角色 15. the same as 与一样 16. at the top of在顶上 at the bottom of 在底部 17. bring up 教养，哺育;提出 18. request sb (not) to do sth. 要求某人做/不要做某事 19. be satisfied with对感到满足，满意于 20. suggest v. (request，insist) I su

9、ggested you do what he says. 我建议你根据他说的去做。 I suggest you not go tomorrow. 我想你明天还是不要去了。 His pale face suggested that he was in bad health. 他苍白的脸色示意了他身体不好。 留意：insist 意思为“坚持要求”时后面的that从句用虚拟语气;假如insist 意为“强调，坚持认为”的时候，从句可以用任何所须要的时态。例如：She insisted that she didnt tell a lie.她坚持认为她没撒谎。 21. according to. 根据

10、依据 中学英语学业水平考试学问点3 1. 一般过去时的定义 一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。常与过去时间yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before , when clause, in the past连用。如： What did you do yesterday? 昨天你干了什么? I met Lin Tao this morning. 今日上午我会到了林涛。

11、I was there a moment ago. 刚才我在那儿。 2. 一般过去时的应用 (1) 表示过去某时所发生的动作或存在的状态。如： Liu Ying was in America last year. 刘英去年在美国。 Jim rang you just now. 吉姆刚才给你打了电话。 (2) 表示过去常常或反复发生的动作。常接时间副词often, usually, always, sometimes, every day / week, etc. 如： We often went out for a walk after supper. 我们过去常在晚饭后漫步。 We usua

12、lly played together. 我们通常一起玩。 3. 一般过去时对谓语动词的要求 page 一般过去时的谓语动词要用动词的过去式。动词过去式的构成分规则改变和不规则改变两种形式，不规则改变通常须要逐个记忆，规则改变则遵循以下原则： (1) 一般在动词后加-ed。如：playplayed, offeroffered, weighweighed, destroy destroyed, signsigned. (2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。如：likeliked, provideprovided, hate hated, datedated。 (3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾

13、的动词后，则改y为i，再加ed。如：supplysupplied, flyflied, study studied. (4) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最终一个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：planplanned, referreferred, regretregretted, banbanned. 4. 特殊说明 有些动词的过去时，如：expect, hope, intend, plan, wanted 等一般过去时，后接不定式的完成时;或它们的过去完成时接不定式的一般式，都可表示过去未曾实现的意图、准备或希望。如： I hoped to have bee

14、n invited to his wedding party. I had hoped to be invited to his wedding ceremony. 我本希望他来邀请我参与他的婚礼。 I intended to have joined their games. I had intended to join their games. 我本准备参与他们的竞赛。 中学英语学业水平考试学问点4 一、一般过去将来时 1.概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。 2.时间状语：The next day (morning, year),the following month

15、(week),etc. 3.基本结构：主语+was/were +going to + do+其它;主语+would/should + do+其它 4.否定形式：主语+was/were+not + going to + do; 主语+would/should + not + do. 5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。 6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他说他其次天要去北京。 I asked who was going there.我问，谁要去那里。 二、 现在进行时 1.概念：表示现阶段或

16、说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 2.时间状语：Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen 3.基本结构：主语+be +doing +其它 4.否定形式：主语+be +not +doing+其它 5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。 6.例句：How are you feeling today?你今日感觉如何? He is doing well in his lessons.在课上他表现得很好。 中学英语学业水平考试学问点5 1. win, beat, defeat 表示获胜、取胜的词语 (1) win v. 赢，获胜，接竞赛或奖项 win a game

17、/ a prize / an honor / a race. / Our team won the game 8 to 7. / He won by five points. / He won her love at last. / He won the first place in the competition. (2) beat + 对手，表战胜(尤指体育竞赛) I can easily beat him at golf. (3) defeat 表战胜，接对手The enemy was defeated in the battle. 2. in the end, finally, at

18、last 三者均可表示“(经过周折、等待、耽搁)最终，最终”之意。不同的是： finally 一般用在句中动词前面，而 at last 与 in the end 的位置则较为敏捷; 三者中at last 语气最为剧烈，且可单独作为感叹句运用。After putting it off three times, we finally managed to have a holiday in Dalian. / At last he knew the meaning of life. / At last! Where on earth have you been? / But in the end

19、he gave in. 另外，finally还可用在列举事项时，引出最终一个内容，相当于lastly。 Firstly, we should make a plan; secondly, we should carry it out; finally we should make a conclu- sion. 3. by sea, by the sea, in the sea, on the sea, at sea (1) by sea “走海路，乘船”，用来表示交通方式，同 by ship 同义。 These heavy boxes should be sent by sea. (2) b

20、y the sea “在海边”，相当于 by (at) the seaside。The children enjoyed themselves by the sea on Children's Day. (3) in the sea “在海里，在海水中” There are many plants and animals in the sea. (4) on the sea “在海面上”，“在海岸边”。I want to live in a town with a beautiful position on the sea. (5) at sea 在海上;在航海 When he wok

21、e up, the ship was at sea. 4. be afraid, be afraid to do sth., be afraid of (doing) sth. (1) be afraid 意为“担忧，胆怯”，多用于口语，常用来表示一种歉意，或缺憾，后可接 so 或 not，也可接 that 从句。I'm afraid (that) 其语意相当于 I'm sorry, but.。 - Are we on time? 我们准时吗? - I'm afraid not. 唯恐不准时。I'm afraid you'll get caught in

22、 the rain. (2) be afraid to do sth 常表示“由于胆小而不敢做某事”。She is afraid to be here alone. / He is afraid to jump into the river from the bridge. (3) be afraid of (doing) sth. 常表示“担忧或胆怯某事(发生)”。I was afraid of hurting her feelings. 5. live, living, alive, lively (1) live adj. 活的;活生生的;(只修饰生物;只作前置定语) The labor

23、atory is doing experiments with several live monkeys. 实况直播的 (不是录音)It wasn't a recorded show. It was live. 带电的;燃着的;可爆炸的 This is a live wire. (2) living adj. 活着的，有生命的(作表语或定语) She was, he thought, the best living novelist in England. / The old man is still living. (或alive) (3) alive adj. 活着的; 有活力的;有生气 作后置定语：Who's the greatest man alive? 作表语：Was the snake alive or dead? / My grandmother is more alive than a lot of young people. 作补语：Let's keep the fish alive. (4) lively adj. 活泼的;有生气的;活跃的(作表语或定语) The music is bright and lively. 英语学业水平考试学问点汇总中学