高三英语重点知识点总结5篇范例.docx
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1、高三英语重点知识点总结5篇高三英语学问点有哪些?这是同学们在英语复习时比较关切的问题。下面就是小编给大家带来的高三英语学问点,希望能帮助到大家! 高三英语学问点1 主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较。 It 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有改变。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。 例如: It is a pity that you didn&r
2、squo;t go to see the film. It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place. It is John that broke the window. 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构。 (1) It is +名词+从句 It is a fact that 事实是 It is an honor that 特别荣幸 It is common knowledge that 是常识 (2) it is +形容词+从句 It
3、 is natural that 很自然 It is strange that 惊奇的是 (3) it is +不及物动词+从句 It seems that 好像 It happened that 碰巧 (4) it +过去分词+从句 It is reported that 据报道 It has been proved that 已证明 3. 主语从句不行位于句首的五种状况。 (1) if 引导的主语从句不行居于复合句句首。 (2) It is said , (reported) 结构中的主语从句不行提前。 例如: It is said that President Jingo will vi
4、sit our school next week. (right) That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong) (3) It happens, It occurs 结构中的主语从句不行提前。 例如: It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right) That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong) (4) It doesn’t matter how
5、/whether 结构中的主语从句不行提前。 例如: It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. (right) Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (wrong) (5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不行提前。 例如: Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right) Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong) 4. What 与that 在引导主语
6、从句时的区分。 What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语.宾语.表语,而that 则不然。 例如: 1) What you said yesterday is right. 2) That she is still alive is a consolation. 宾语从句 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。 1. 作动词的宾语。 (1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略) 例如: I heard that be joined the army. (2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句
7、例如: 1) She did not know what had happened. 2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. (3) 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句 例如: She told me that she would accept my invitation. 2. 作介词的宾语。 例如: Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 3. 作形容词的宾语。 例如: I am afraid (that) I’ve made
8、 a mistake. That 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语: Anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作缘由状语从句。 4. It 可以作为形式宾语。 It 不仅可以作为形式主语,还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾,特殊
9、是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如: We heard it that she would get married next month. 5. 后边不能干脆跟that 从句的动词。 这类动词有Allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语,但不行以用that引导的宾语从句。 例如: I admire their winning the match. (right) I admire that they
10、won the match. (wrong) 6. 不行用that从句作干脆宾语的动词。 有些动词不行用于“动词+间接宾语+that从句“结构中,常见的有Envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。 例如: He impressed the manager as an honest man. (right) He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. (wrong) 7. 否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为Thin
11、k, consider, wuppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用确定式。 例如: I don’t think this dress fits you well.(我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。) 表语从句 表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外,常用的还有the reason is that
12、和It is because 等结构。 例如: 1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time. 2) This is why we can’t get the support of the people 3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes. 4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus. 同位语从句 同
13、位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。 1. 同位语从句的功能。 同位语从句对于名词进一步说明,说明名词的详细内容,一般由that引导。 例如: 1) The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people. 2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general. 2. 同位语在句子中的位置。 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面,而是被别的词隔开。 例如:
14、He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. 3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区分。 (1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词,同时以在从句中作某个成分(主语或宾语),而同位语从句中的that是连词,只起连接主句与从句的作用,不充当句中任何成分。 (2) 定语从句是形容词性的,其功能是修饰先行词,对先行词加以限定,描述定的性质或特征;同位语从句是名词性的,其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如: 1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year
15、.(他告知我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。)(第一个that引导的从句是定语从句,that在从句中作宾语) 2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.(汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。)(同位语从句,that在句中不作任何成分) 。 高三英语学问点2 Happy Christmas? 英语可说happy Christmas 吗?请看这样一道题: _ Christmas! Same _ you. A. Merry, as B. Merry, on C. Happy, as D. Happy, to 此题应选 D。简单误选A,B。错误思维是: 1.
16、可以说 Happy new year, 但必需说 Merry Christmas. 2. the same as, the same.as 是固定搭配。 关于第2点,比较好说明,因为(The) Same to you. 是口语惯用语,回答祝福,其意为“也祝你”。 而第1点搞错的人就许多了,不少人都想当然地认为不能像Happy New Year, Happy birthday那样用Happy Christmas, 其实这是一种典型的想当然错误,请看有关_词书的实例。如: 1. 大家熟识的朗文当代英语词典(1987年版)就多处出现 Happy Christmas 的用例。如: 1)Happy Ch
17、ristmas. (p. 476,happy词条) 2)Happy Christmas. Same to you. (p. 925 same 词条) 2. 又如章振邦教授主编的两本英语语法著作。如: 1)Happy Christmas. 新编英语语法教程(p. 459) 2)A Happy Christmas to all. 新编英语语法(上册p. 183) 3. 再如英语学习杂志,1992年第7期p. 17的一段对话中,多次将 Happy Christmas 与 Merry Christmas 交替运用。 4. 假如你是一个层次稍高的英语学习者,你可能会读过杨岂深教授主编的英国文学选读(Bo
18、ok 3),假如你细心的话,你会发觉该书 ANGLO-SAXON ATTITUDES 一文里,也在多次交替运用 Happy Christmas 和 Merry Christmas。 高三英语学问点3 一、非谓语动词 “非谓语动词”可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词.它在句子中的作用许多:除了不作谓语外,它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语与复合宾语(主语补语或宾语补语).有些及物动词后面接不带to的不定式作复合宾语.这些动词归纳如下:一感(feel).二听(hear,listen to),三让(have,1et, make),四看(see,watCh,notice,observe).再加上hel
19、p somebody(to)do something和美国英语look at somebody do somthing.还有“二让”属特别:get somebody to do something 与keep somebody doing.而有些及物动词后面接动名词(the -ing form)作宾语.这些动词归纳为一句话:Papa C makes friends.这是由如下动词的开头字母组成:permit,advise, practise,avoid,consider,mind, allow,keep,enjoy,suggest, finish,risk,imagine,escape,nee
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