英语高三语法知识点归纳分享精选.docx

《英语高三语法知识点归纳分享精选.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语高三语法知识点归纳分享精选.docx（8页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、英语高三语法知识点归纳分享高三英语语法学问点1 情态动词 一. 表示许可：有may, might, can, could。其中might. could则语气较委婉，但回答由他们引起的问句时，则不用might, could而用can。 1) May Might Can Could I keep the book for a few days? Yes, you can. 否定形式可用may not, can not或must not，不用might not。 2)Visitors may not (或can not/mustn't) touch the button. 二、表示实力：ca

2、n; be able to. be able to用于各种时态。在一般过去时中，若指“能够并且通过某种努力完成某桩事”，我们必需用be able to。 1) Cats can are able to climb trees very quickly. 2) A big fire broke out last night, but everyone was able to escape from the house. 三、表示“责任和义务”的情态动词有must(主观),have to(客观), mustnt 表示“不行以、不允许”，而have to否定形式：not have to/ needn

3、't。 1) As there was no bus, we had to walk back home. (客观条件) 2) You mustn't shout like that to your parents. (不行以、不允许) 3) You don't have to neednt work if you don't feel well. 四、用于推想：must, may, might, can, could . 但疑问句中只能用can, could. 1) He looks pale. He_ be ill. 2) -Who _it be? It _

4、(not) be Mr. Smith, for he has just left for Paris. -It _be Mr. Brown, for he has something to discuss with me. 3) He said he didn't feel very well. He _(not) come to the meeting this evening. (1.must 2. can, cant, must 3. maymight not) 留意: 表推想时 must, should (ought to) , may, could , might 可能性依次

5、递减。should, ought to “应当”较多地用于预料将来的事。can表示理论上的可能性，用于泛指.may, could, might表示事实上的可能性，用于特指详细的，可能将要发生的事。 1) He should be back by now. 他现在该回来了。 2) The teacher has explained it several times. There ought to be no problem for them. 4) A dog can be dangerous to you 狗可能给人带来危急。(有这种可能性) This dog is very clever.

6、It may (或might/could) help you find your key. 这条狗特别聪慧，他可能会帮助你找到钥匙。指详细的事有可能发生。 高三英语语法学问点2 一、非谓语动词 “非谓语动词”可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词.它在句子中的作用许多：除了不作谓语外,它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语与复合宾语(主语补语或宾语补语).有些及物动词后面接不带to的不定式作复合宾语.这些动词归纳如下：一感(feel).二听(hear,listen to),三让(have,1et, make),四看(see,watCh,notice,observe).再加上help somebody(

7、to)do something和美国英语look at somebody do somthing.还有“二让”属特别：get somebody to do something 与keep somebody doing.而有些及物动词后面接动名词(the -ing form)作宾语.这些动词归纳为一句话：Papa C makes friends.这是由如下动词的开头字母组成：permit,advise, practise,avoid,consider,mind, allow,keep,enjoy,suggest, finish,risk,imagine,escape,need,delay,sta

8、nd(忍受). 为了简单记住,也可以编成顺口溜：“允许完成练习,建议避开冒险,考虑延期逃跑,喜爱保持想象,须要反对忍受”.其相对应的动词依次是：permit/allow,finish,practise; advise/suggest, avoid,risk： consider, delay, escape/miss; enjoy/appreciate, keep, imagine; need/want/require,mind. can't help/cant stand. 二、复合句 1、学生最简单混淆的是定语从句与同位语从句的区分. 例如：A、The news that our t

9、eam has won the match is true. (同位语从句) B、The news that he told us surprised everybody here. (定语从句) 关键的区分在于连接或关系代词that：有意义的是定语, 无意义的是同位.因为引导定语从句的that在从句中作主语或 宾语,而引导同位语从句的that只起到连接词的作用. 2、接着简单混淆的是引导定语从句的关系代词that与 which：that之前是不定(代词)、序数(词)、(形容词)级：which之前是介词短语与逗号(非限制性). 例如：A、All that we have to do is to

10、 practise every day. B、The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. C、I have lost my pen,which I like very much. D、The house in front of which there is a garden is my home. 高三英语语法学问点3 before特别用法(1)没来得及就 例句 The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby. 他还没有来得及冲进

11、房间救孩子，房顶就塌了。 He ran off before I could stop him. 我还没有来得及阻挡，他已经跑了。 To my great disappointment, my favorite singer left the concert before I could have a word with her. 让我特别悲观的是，我还没有来得及和我最喜爱的歌手打招呼，她就已经离开了。 before特别用法(2)过了多久才或动作进行到什么程度才 例句 They walked about fifty miles to the west before they saw a vil

12、lage. 他们西行50英里才看到一个村庄。 The workers worked day and night about three days before everything returned to normal. 工人们连续工作3天才使一切复原正常。 He almost knocked me down before he knew it. 他几乎撞到我了才意识到。 We had walked a long way before we found some water. 我们走了很长的路才找到一点水。 Five years went by before I knew it. 不知不觉，五

13、年过去了。 高三英语语法学问点4 什么是副词? 指出句中的副词： 1. You are standing near the camera. Can you move a little farther? a little修饰副词“farther”表示程度 farther修饰动词“move”表示方式 2. Miss Long usually goes to school by bus. usually修饰动词goes，表示频度、频率 3. The two old passengers fell into the sea. Unfortunately, neither of them could s

14、wim. Unfortunately修饰整个句子 4. I wont go with you. Its much too hot today. much too修饰形容词，表示程度修饰形容词hot，修饰形容词 高三英语语法学问点5 非谓语动词中的易错点 非谓语与其逻辑主语(即动作的执行者或承受者)之间有三种关系，如为主谓关系，则用现在分词或不定式的主动式;如为被动关系则用过去分词、现在分词的被动(强调动作正在进行)或不定式的被动式(动作将进行);如既无主动也无被动关系则只能用状语从句或独立主格结构(即非谓语加上自己的逻辑主语) Judging/considering/genrallyspeak

15、ing/supposing指说话者的动作，故只用主动式。如： Havingbeenillinbedfornearlyamonth,hehadahardtimepassingtheexam. 解析：从这个句子可以看出，句词的逻辑主语与句子的主语he一样，并且是主谓关系，所以用了现在的分词作状语，同时，分词的动作明显地发生在句子的谓语动词动作之前，故采纳了现代分词的完成式。 InordertoimproveEnglish,_. A.Jennysfatherboughtheralotoftapes. B.Jennysfatherboughtalotoftapesforherself. C.Aloto

16、ftapeswereboughtbyJenny. D.AlotoftapeswereboughtbyJennyfather. 解析：依据不定式短语我们可以推知，句子的逻辑主语应当是人而不是物，所以，应当解除CD，再就是应当是Jenny提高自己的英语，而不是她爸爸，故答案先B. ，wedecidedtogooutforawalk. A.ItisfineB.Itfine C.BeingfineD.Itbeingfine 解析：主句主语we与动词短语befine之间既无主动关系与无被动关系，所以要加上自己的逻辑主语It，由于不存在主、被动关系，故不能选C项，而应当选D项。 moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiving 解析：give与主句的主语之间是被动关系，故选A.如为主动关系则选C. 英语高三语法学问点归纳共享