雅思写作评分细则：雅思写作评分标准详解精编.docx

《雅思写作评分细则：雅思写作评分标准详解精编.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《雅思写作评分细则：雅思写作评分标准详解精编.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、雅思写作评分细则：雅思写作评分标准详解雅思写作评分细则：雅思写作评分标准详解雅思写作评分细则：任务完成状况 Task Response此项评分标准检测的是考生是否恰当回答了写作要求的程度(degree to which the exam question has been answered properly).任务完成状况主要包括三个方面：内容(content)是否切题，立场(position)是否显明并得到有效阐释，结构(structure)是否有逻辑性。Task 1的要求是考生在大约20分钟内完成一篇至少150字的文章，包括：summarize, describe or explain 图

2、表所包含的信息，同时也须要对相关信息进行比较。因此完成一篇较好的小作文，须要做到以下几点：1)Identify ALL key features (找出图表中全部的关键信息)2)Provide sufficient detail for a meaningful explanation(进行说明说明时供应充分、适量的信息)，但是不要太多也不要太少!同时保证在描写趋势和数据时的精确性。3)A clear overview (一个清楚的概述)：summarise significant trends/features(总结出最明显的趋势和特征)Task 2 的要求是考生在大约40分钟内完成一篇至少

3、250字的文章：就某一问题阐述自己的观点，并运用证据来支持此观点。请留意：task 2 的分值比task 1要高! 那么要完成一篇精彩的大作文，须要留意以下几点：1)respond completely to all parts of the question (回答题目中的全部要求)2)develop and support your ideas (提出并运用论据支持自己的观点)：不要只提观点!添加explanations, examples or experiences!3)ensure your opinion is clear (保证整篇文章的观点清楚一样)最终，供应考生们在写作时可以

4、运用的一个checklist：标出题目中的关键词;找出问题中有几个部分;保证完成题目中的全部要求;写作之前先梳理出观点并确定其相关性;然后将观点进行分类和排序;严格遵循建议时间(20min+40 min)并达到最低字数要求。内容如何做到切题，关键在于审题时要找准题目的主题(topic)以及针对该主题所提出的问题(topic questions)。一般来说，主题就是题目中反复出现或主句中充当主语或宾语的名词以及名词短语，而问句则通常就是我们要探讨的要点，假如要点理解有误或漏掉某个要点，则都属于没有切题。譬如：With the increasing use of mobile phones, le

5、ss people tend to write letters. Some people believe that writing letters will disappear completely. To what extent do you agree or disagree?从这个题目当中我们不难看出writing letters出现的频率较高，且都在主句中出现，说明它就是我们要找的主题，假如你过多描述mobile phones给我们带来的好处就跑题了。另外，题目的写作任务也很清晰：Do you agree that writing letters will disappear comp

6、letely? 属于“支持或反对”类的题，必需明确表达你的立场，不能既同意又不同意，同时表达你同意或不同意的理由。立场要做到显明并得到有效阐释须要有如下几个内容：topic sentence(主题句)，main ideas(论点)，supporting points(论据)。主题句通常放在文章的首段，开宗明义地表明你的立场，主题句只能有一个;论点放在中间段的首句，让读者一目了然，论点应当有两个以上，否则论证就不充分;论据包括evidence(证据)、examples(例子)等，放在论点后面，每个论点都应当有论据作支撑，否则就会显得论据不足。合理的文章结构通常由三大部分组成，即引言(introd

7、uction)、主体(body)和结论(conclusion)，写4-5段比较合理。引言要涵盖主题、写作任务和主题句，主体则要包括足够的论点和论据，结论可以重申观点、提出建议或展望将来。在这里须要提示大家肯定要仔细审题，很多考生在考试的时候没有看清题目要求，明明题目分析优缺点，有些同学却写成了同意与否的题目，整篇文章走题，只能取得5分以下的分数。雅思写作评分细则：连贯与连接 Coherence and Cohesion文章的连贯性主要体现在段落与段落之间，句子与句子之间。段落之间的“启”、“承”、“转”、“合”可通过表依次的过渡词完成，譬如：表示起先：first of all, in the

8、first place, at the very beginning, to begin with, currently, at present, for one thing等。表示承接：besides, further more, in addition, moreover, whats more, meanwhile, apart from, as well as, similarly, in the same way等。表示转折：however, whereas, while, on the contrary, in contrast, on the other hand等。表示结论：i

9、n conclusion, in brief, in short, to sum up, ultimately, overall等。句子之间的逻辑关系也要通过一些逻辑连词来完成，譬如：表示缘由：because (of ), accordingly, due to, owing to, for this reason, since, as a result, as a consequence等。表达观点：in my opinion, personally, from my viewpoint, it seems to me, it is clear to me that, as far as I

10、 am concerned举例说明：for example, for instance, as follows, such as, that is to say, namely, just as, in particular等。表示让步：although, in spite of, despite of, despite the fact that, regardless of等。句子的好坏主要取决于句子结构的精确性和丰富性，句子的长度和困难性以及用语的逻辑性和正式性。句子结构的精确性涉及主谓一样、句子平衡性等问题，比如：The main reason for this use of info

11、rmal languages are various and complicated. 这个句子不细心的同学很难发觉它有问题，因为主语太长有时会忽视真正的主语其实是the main reason，是个单数形式，所以are应当改为is. 再比如：In my opinion, use mobile phones to send messages is more convenient than write letters. 这是个很典型的错误，许多同学在写作的过程当中会误把动词或动词短语当主语用而造成句子结构的错误，而只有动词的非谓语形式才能在句中充当主语或宾语，因此，此句正确的表达应当是：In m

12、y opinion, using mobile phones to send messages is more convenient than writing letters.句子结构的丰富性也是考官给分的一个亮点，好的段落应当由不同的句式组成，而不应当是一模一样的句子结构。例如：I have many hobbies. For example, I like movies, I like playing basketball and football, and I like singing and dancing. 很明显，该句完全由“I + do”结构组成且like运用的频率过高，我们不妨

13、做如下修改：I have many hobbies. Movies, for example, are my favorite and I am also fond of playing basketball and football. Sometimes when staying with my friends, Id prefer singing and dancing rather than any other way of amusement.句子的长度和难度是许多考生追求的目标，其实并不须要每个句子都写得很长很困难，相反，假如整篇文章都是长难句，考官也会觉得很厌烦，就像一个人喜爱吃红

14、烧肉，假如你每天给他吃红烧肉，他也会觉得很腻味一样，因此最好的方法就是长短句结合。短句变长：即善用连接词and, but, or, yet, so等。例如：Living off campus is exciting. Living off campus is more independent. I prefer the convenience of living on campus. 不难看出，这是两种对立的观点，因此我们可以将其变为：Living off campus is exciting and more independent, but I prefer the convenience

15、 of living on campus.还有比较重要的一点是不容忽视的，即用语的正式性和严谨性。事实上，在汉语中也有许多这样的例子，比如我们说：“这里人真多啊!”这就是一个典型的口语化的表达方式，而假如用“人山人海”、“车水马龙”、“摩肩接踵”等词来形容人多就是写作语言了。我们不妨看几个非正式用语的句子：Parents have to get kids food and other stuff. 此句中的kids和stuff就是两个非正式用语，如变成：Parents have to provide children with food and other necessities.就正式了。再

16、如：People always say competitive sports are totally cool. 此句中的cool以及这个句式都是属于比较口语化的，应当变为：It is always said that competitive sports benefit us in several important ways.雅思写作评分细则：词汇资源 Lexical Resource此项评分标准考察考生写作词汇的多样性精确性。几条小建议：1)留意学习同义词2)学习词伙(collocation)，而非一个独立的单词3)运用正确的词性4)写完肯定要检查(检查拼法错误，丰富语言)5)正确运用一

17、些不常见词汇留意：考官并不会看你词汇或观点的创新性，而是有效、精确地阐述!词汇的多少并不能确定文章的好坏，但用词的精准性是可以加分的。一般来说词汇的精确表达可以通过两个方面达到，一是在用词的难度上拔高，二是在近义词的多种表达上提升。譬如要描述一个好人，许多同学首先想到的形容词就是good, kind, wise, nice, clever, great, bright等词，而这些词往往很难出彩，因为描述太过于抽象，假如能用到诸如ambitious, tactful, eloquent, charismatic, committed之类的词就很详细了。当然，这些词须要我们平常的日积月累，不是靠一

18、两天的功夫就可以运用自如的。还有，值得提示的是不要认为这些词好就过分积累，会给考官留下华而不实的感觉，正如优秀的厨师往往都不会用太多的佐料，而只需油盐就可以了。雅思写作取得高分的关键在于敏捷地运用词汇，多运用特别用词汇，分数一般来说不会低于5.5分。因此，在日常学习中，如何区分低分词汇和高分词汇是关键所在。中国考生一般来说可以比较正确的表达出自己的观点，但是对于词汇和句式的运用就有些茫然了，常常会重复运用词汇，句式也只会用简洁句。举一个例子，英语中的我认为有多数种说法，大多数中国考生只会用I think , 值得留意的是，学术写作中的 我认为不能运用这个词组，I contend, from m

19、y point of view, as far as I am concerned, I argue, I assert这些词汇都是学术英语中表示个人观点的高分词汇。雅思写作评分细则：语法精确性 Grammatical Range Accuracy此项评分标准考察考生写作语法的多样性精确性。语法的多样性发面方面，请关注：时态，比较级，条件句，情态动词，被动语态的运用。同时也请留意运用困难句，留意整篇文章简洁句和困难句用量的平衡。留意，标点符号运用错误也会失分!不过，并不要求考生做到100%无误，但限制错误率很重要!考官将会依据这些错误“影响信息沟通的程度”酌情扣分，而非“错误的数量”!留意：留

20、出时间检查语法错误，你会发觉你总是能够发觉一些错误!雅思7分范文：环保Some people think that environmental problems are too big for individuals to deal with. Others, however, think that each individual should take some actions. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.It is true that our tiny individual actions often seem insigni

21、ficant compared to the scale and complexity of global environmental problems such as pollution, deforestation and depletion of natural resources. But that does not relieve our duty as individuals to do as much as we can to deal with these problems.Individual actions, small as they may be, can prove

22、more effective than we realize. We can avoid driving the car, and take public transit, walk, or bicycle instead. This will reduce the use of fossil fuels and cut pollution. Saving energy at home, like turning on the air conditioner only when we have to, or turning water heater down a few degrees, is

23、 also ultimately good for the environment. Individual actions can also turn into united powers when, for example, the whole neighborhood is mobilized to participate in a local campaign to oppose environmentally damaging policies.There are, however, obstacles that stand in the way of individual actio

24、n towards environmental conservation. The first obstacle is the lack of professional knowledge needed to cope with serious environmental issues like soil erosion and salinity, which require a significant amount of investigation and research. Another obstacle which makes individual action almost impo

25、ssible is when an environmental emergency or accident happens, e.g. an oil spill near the bord der line, which would necessitate government intervention or even international coordination.So, in conclusion, when it comes to environmental problems, individual actions are indispensable in the problem

26、solving process. But the most pressing and complicated problems go far beyond an individuals capability and so require the concerted effort of the government as well as the global community.271 words老师指导雅思写作高分范文运用方法1、备考的同学们至少要把剑九上的每道作文题都细致地分析过一遍，在话题内容、结构框架、文字素材方面进行全面归纳。2、考生练习时务必保证在规定时间内完成作文。避开考试时短路或

27、惊慌，导致崩盘。3、考生切记纸上谈兵，肯定要动笔写。写完后更要仔细重读修改，有条件的可以找老师或其他英语水平较好的人修改并提建议，在修改的过程中发觉错误，下次写作时可以改正，提高写作实力。4、虽然选入书中的原题不行能再完全一样地重现考场，但书后附上的考官范文和带有细致点评的考生例文都是特别有价值的。5、试着把考官的范文翻译成中文，再以自己的思路和语言由中文重新翻译改写成英文，在语言转换的过程中体会中英两种语言在结构、用词、逻辑上的异同，找寻自己在写作中常犯的错误或影响表达的中式英语，提升语言的精确度。雅思7分范文：诋毁同行的广告Manufacturers who advertise somet

28、imes directly name one or two of their competitors and attack their products. What are your feelings about this advertising practice? Write an essay of about 250 words describing your ideas.Advertisers who directly attack their competitors may amuse me if they do it cleverly. However, they have prob

29、ably lost me as a customer.Companies who attack their rivals remind me of people who boost their egos by criticizing others. When people do this, I often suspect they have little to offer and may even have something to hide. I would rather find out what is good about a person, not what is bad about

30、someone else.Similarly, I like advertising that lets me know about products that might meet my needs. I don't place much faith in ads telling me what may be wrong with a rival product. I tend to suspect that the information could be biased.I also believe advertisers are foolish to name their riv

31、als because by doing so they give the competing product free publicity. If the competition is worth attacking, I tend to think it may actually have something to offer.In advertising, as in life, I believe we should try to be the best we can be, without belittling the next person - or the rival produ

32、ct.雅思7分范文：赚钱的欲望Most people have dreams of one day becoming rich. But does the average person have the ability to make a lot of money? Think about this question. Then write about 250 words describing your thoughts.When lack of money prevents us from having something we want very much, it is tempting

33、to dream of being rich. It is hard to keep in mind that Americans are already wealthy compared with people in many other parts of the world. Our modern conveniences would have been the envy of kings in times past. Just the same, most people would like a larger. Whether most people are capable of mak

34、ing a lot of money is another question.People in average circumstances can often get ahead through education, hard work, and careful money management. But getting ahead is not the same as actually becoming rich.Only a small percentage of Americans could be called truly wealthy. Some people joined th

35、is group from ordinary beginnings. Usually they have done it by carefully riding some major development in the economy on its way up. In the past, great fortunes have been made in oil, steel, and railroads. Recently, some people have made millions in computers and real estate.Usually, though, it tak

36、es money to make money. Big investors often start rich and then get richer. Most of us cannot strike oil or start the next new technical breakthrough. Most people are not born into wealthy families, either. In America it certainly is possible to become more prosperous. But unless someone wins the lottery, real wealth is not very likely to come along.雅思写作评分细则：雅思写作评分标准详解