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1、名词名词单数单数变变复数复数 . 名词 名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词,专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类: 1)个体名词:表示某类人或东西中的个体,如: book。 2)集体名词:表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family。 3)物质名词:表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air。 4)抽象名词:表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:work。 个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词,物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算,称为不可数名词
2、。 名词单数变复数名词单数变复数( (一一) )规则变化规则变化: :1.1.加加s s 2. 2. 以以s, x, s, x, chch, , shsh结尾的名词加结尾的名词加eses3.3.以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y y结尾的名词结尾的名词, ,先改先改y y为为i, i, 再加再加eses (mothers, fathers, sisters, brothers)( buses, boxes, watches )( family - families dictionary - dictionaries ) 区别区别 key keys boy - boys( (二二) )不规则变化不规则变
3、化: :4.单复数同形单复数同形(不变不变): sheep(绵羊绵羊) deer(鹿鹿) fish(鱼鱼) 2.man, woman men, women1.加加es: potatoes (土豆土豆) tomatoes (西红柿西红柿)Chinese(中国人中国人) Japanese(日本人日本人) 6. oo ee: foot(脚脚) tooth(牙齿牙齿) goose(鹅鹅)5. 以以 f / fe结尾的结尾的,变变f为为v, 再加再加eswife(妻子妻子) knife (小刀小刀) shelf (架子架子) leaf (叶子叶子) wolf (狼狼)3. child(孩子)孩子) ch
4、ildren(男人,妇女)男人,妇女)名词单数变复数后名词单数变复数后s / es 的读音的读音1.在清辅音后读在清辅音后读 / s /2.在元音和浊辅音后读在元音和浊辅音后读 / z /3.在在/ s / / z / / / / / t / / d /后后 读读 / iz /4.在在/ t /后读后读/ ts /,在在 / d /后读后读 / dz /desks mapsbrothers pensclasses, watches, orangescats, friends pen desk key box knife card orange boy friend parent mother
5、father sister brother son daughter cousin family child man pencil case sheepssssesknivessssssssssssfamilieschildrenmenssheep一、写出下列单词的复数一、写出下列单词的复数1.I- 2.am- 3.he 4.pencil- 5.watch- 6.dictionary- 7. man- 8.it- 9. parent - 10.boy wearetheypencils watchesdictionaries men they parentsboysthis that I you
6、 he / she / it am / is thesethoseweyoutheyare 单数单数 复数复数句子单数变复数句子单数变复数1. This is a book. 2. That is an eraser.3. It is a red apple. 4. I am a boy.5. He / She is a teacher.6. Whats this ? These are books.Those are erasers.They are red apples.We are boys.They are teachers.Whatre these ?-What are these?
7、-Whats this?-Its a pen.-They are pens.-What are those?-Whats that?-Its an English book.-They are English books.backpackswatchesorangespens-Whatre these ?-Theyre .mapscaseskeys-Whatre those ?-Theyre .个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词,物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算,称为不可数名词。orangeOrange (s)fruitfruit (s)vegetablevegetablesbeefbeefcarrotcarrotschickenchickenmelonmelonsmilkmilkoniononionsporkporkpotatopotatoestomatotomatoes
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