M3-U3主谓一致.ppt
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1、主谓一致主谓一致学前诊断学前诊断1.Tom and Jack _ to Hongkong next week. A. is going B. are going C. go D.goes2.Linda together with her friends _ shopping every Sunday afternoon. A.is going B. go C. goes D. are going3.There _ a pair of glasses on the desk, which is made in Taiwan. A.being B.are C. is D.to be4.Either
2、 you or Tim _ going to attend the meeting. A. are B. is C. to be D.will be在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数量上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致主谓一致的定义主谓一致的定义5. Every means _ tried but without much result.A. has been B. have been C. are D. is定义定义:谓语要和谓语要和主语主语在人称和数量上保持一致。在人称和数量上保持一致。1, 语法语法一致原则一致原则2, 意义意义一致原则一致原则3, 就近就近一致原则一致原
3、则三原则三原则语法语法一致原则一致原则1.单数名词或不可数名词单数名词或不可数名词 The food they served _ (be) delicious. 2.动名词动名词, 不定式或从句不定式或从句 Skating in winter _ (be) great fun. To see _(be) to believe. That he is absent _(worry) all his family. Reading books and watching TV (be) my hobbies. 3. a large quantity(amount) of +名词名词 A large
4、amount of water _ what I need now.isisisworriesis多个多个动名词动名词和和不定式不定式做主语,谓语动词用复数做主语,谓语动词用复数are主语从句作主语主语从句作主语, 其谓语动词的单复其谓语动词的单复数问题数问题: 一个概念的两方面作主语一个概念的两方面作主语, 谓语用单数谓语用单数; 两个概念则用复数两个概念则用复数. Eg: 1)Where and when we shall have the sports meeting _ (be) still unknown. 2)Where we shall have the sports meeti
5、ng and who will be responsible for it _ (be) still unknown.isare4.不定代词作主语不定代词作主语(any-, some-, every-, no-)口诀口诀不定代词作主语,谓语动词用不定代词作主语,谓语动词用 .除了除了 and .bothall三单三单Either of streets (be) lined by trees and flowers.isBoth of streets (be) lined by trees and flowers.are任意一个两者都注意注意 neither 和和 none 往往根据说话人的意思
6、往往根据说话人的意思, 单复数都可以单复数都可以. 但但指代不可数名词时只能用单数指代不可数名词时只能用单数. Neither of the shirts fit/fits me very well. None of them knows/know the answer. None of this money _ mine.ismore than a:多于一多于一,不止一,不止一more than one + 单单n ,谓语动词用谓语动词用 .单数单数复数复数More than two friends (have) cars.havemore than two + 复复n ,谓语动词用谓语动词
7、用 .不止一个不止一个不止两个,两个以上不止两个,两个以上More than one worker_(be) going to lose_ (his,their) jobs. istheir5. more than one + 单数名词(不止一单数名词(不止一)”,“many a(许多许多)”虽然表示复数含义,但谓语动词与单数名词保持虽然表示复数含义,但谓语动词与单数名词保持一致,习惯上用单数一致,习惯上用单数 many a + 单单n许多许多Many a student (be) discussing the problem.is注意注意 and连接词表示同一概念时,谓语动词用连接词表示同一
8、概念时,谓语动词用单数单数由由and连接的两个并列名词由连接的两个并列名词由each, every, no, many a 等词等词修饰时修饰时, 谓语动词仍用谓语动词仍用单数单数. 此类结构为此类结构为: eachand each, everyand every,noand no, many a and many aMany a boy and many a girl _ been there. hasand连接词表示同一概念时,谓语动词用连接词表示同一概念时,谓语动词用单数单数The poet and doctor (have) come.hasThe poet and the docto
9、r (have) come.haveThe bread and butter (be) on the table.isThe bread and the butter (be) on the table.areand兼兼和和夹夹和和那个诗人兼医生那个诗人兼医生那个诗人和那个医生,两个人那个诗人和那个医生,两个人那个夹黄油的面包那个夹黄油的面包面包和黄油面包和黄油冠冠 + n and 冠冠 + n冠冠 + n and n双冠,谓语动词复数双冠,谓语动词复数单冠,谓语动词单数单冠,谓语动词单数and连接词表示同一概念连接词表示同一概念(配套事物配套事物)时,谓语动词用时,谓语动词用单单数数brea
10、d and butter奶油面包奶油面包a watch and chain一块带链的手表一块带链的手表a knife and fork刀叉刀叉a coat and tie一件配有领带的上衣一件配有领带的上衣a cart and horse一辆马车一辆马车The glasses (be) on your nose. areThis pair of glasses (be) mine.istrouserspants裤子裤子shortsglasses短裤眼镜glovescompasses手套圆规单独做主语,谓语动词用 。复数和pair连用,谓语动词 。取决于pair的形式This two pairs
11、 of shoes (be) mine.areThe teacher together with his students (be) readingbooks now.isNobody but Tom and Mary (know) the secret.knows1.当主语后面接说明主语的修饰语当主语后面接说明主语的修饰语, 如介词短语如介词短语,谓语谓语动词的单复数只看主语动词的单复数只看主语, 不受修饰成分的影响不受修饰成分的影响.主语主语 + + with/together with(和和一起一起)as well as(和和一样一样)except/but(除了除了,不再有,不再有)al
12、ong with(和和一起一起)besides/in addition to(除了除了 还有还有)谓语动词只看主语谓语动词只看主语rather than (而不是而不是)2. 当当pair of/ kind of/ type of/sort of等作主语时等作主语时, 谓语动词与谓语动词与pair/kind/type/sort保持一致保持一致nThis kind of bananas _(taste) delicious.nThese pairs of trousers _(fit) you.tastesfit注意:注意: 主语为主语为a large quantity(amount) of +
13、名词,名词,quantities (amounts) of+名词时,谓语动词根据主语名词时,谓语动词根据主语中心词中心词quantity或或amount 的数决定。的数决定。vLarge quantities of water _ polluted.are3.3.当当分数、百分数,数量分数、百分数,数量+of+of+名词作主语时名词作主语时, , 谓语与该名词保持一致谓语与该名词保持一致 the rest of剩下的,其余的剩下的,其余的most of大多数大多数the majority/minority of的大多数的大多数/少数少数plenty of大多数大多数half of一半一半分数分
14、数百分数百分数a part of一部分一部分all ofAll of us_ attended the lecture about Pompeii.Most of was lecture _ about how the ancient city was discovered.havewas注意: population, number 1, population 作主语时, 谓(单数单数) 分数等+population时, 谓(复数复数) the population of that country _ very small. seventy-five percent of the popula
15、tion of china _ peasants.2, a number of +名词复数(许多), 谓(复数复数) the number of +名词复数(的数量的数量),谓(单数单数) A number of students _ (go) to the library. The number of students _ 40.is aregois一一,谓语用单数谓语用单数,当主语是当主语是: 1,单数名语,不可数名词 2,不定式,动名词, 从句 3,不定代词(除both, all),( none, neither可单可复,后跟不可数 名词,则只能用单数) 4, a large quant
16、ity(amount) of +名词 5, many a /more than one + 名词二二, 谓语用复数谓语用复数, 当主语是当主语是: 1,复数名词 2, 由and或bothand连接并列主语时(and连接词表示同一 概念时; 由and连接的两个并列名词由each, every, no, many a 等词修饰时) 3.成双成套的词(如trousers, pants单独做主语时,谓用单数, 和pair连用时,谓取决于pair的形式)二二,谓语动词根据中心词确定单复数形式谓语动词根据中心词确定单复数形式,当主语是当主语是: 1.当主语后面接说明主语的修饰语, 如介词短语,谓语动词的单
17、复数只看主语(如with/together with) 2. 当pair of/ kind of/ type of/sort of等作主语时, 谓语动词与pair/kind/type/sort保持一致3.当分数、百分数,数量+of+名词作主语时,谓语与该名词保持一致. (如the rest of, a part of)4. 两个特殊的词: population, number 1) population 作主语时, 谓(单数) 分数等+population时, 谓(复数) 2) a number of +名词复数, 谓(复数) the number of +名词复数,谓(单数)Fill in
18、the blanks with the right form of the give verbs.(1)_ (have) your classmates finished their homework?(2) My friend and I _ (want) to play outside after watching TV.(3) Most of the students _ (prefer) English to Mathematics.(4) Collecting stamps _ (be) one of his favorite pastimes.Have wantpreferis E
19、xercise1. All the professional personnel _ invited to attend the meeting. A. have B. were C. has D. was2. Every doctor and every nurse _ a new hospital for SARS patients. A. has founded B. have found C. expects to found D. has to be found3. The number of students in this school _. A. is increasing B
20、. are increasing C. is increased D. are increasedBCA6) 不定代词不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名所修饰的名词词 及及eachand each, everyand every,noand no, many a and many a结构作主语时,谓语动词仍用结构作主语时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。如:单数形式。如:_5. You, who_ his good friend, should help him get out of trouble. A. am B. is C. are D. was6. A pair of shoes
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