M2_U2_Reading知识点讲解.ppt

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1、Language points (I) wish you were here.我希望你在这儿。我希望你在这儿。 wish后面跟宾语从句，谓语部分要用虚拟后面跟宾语从句，谓语部分要用虚拟语气形式语气形式.。 I wish I were as clever as you.(现在现在) How he wish that he had passed the exam.(过去过去) How I wish I could have a good holiday.( 将来将来)1. Ive been quite busy arranging my holiday with my older brother,

2、 Colin. be busy doing 忙于某事忙于某事 with/ over sth.学生们正在忙于为十二月份的考试作学生们正在忙于为十二月份的考试作准备。准备。The students are busy preparing for the exam in December.= The students are busy with preparations for the exam in December. -Why havent we must met Mary lately? -She was kept busy _ a business trip to Japan. A. with

3、 planning B. to plan C. planning D. for planning 表示表示“忙于（做）某事忙于（做）某事”的词组：的词组： be absorbed in (doing) sth be buried in (doing) sth. bury oneself in (doing) sth. be engaged in (doing) sth. engage oneself in (doing) sth. be occupied in/ with (doing) sth. occupy oneself in (doing) sth. She was so _ in h

4、er job that she didnt hear anybody knocking at the door. A. attracted B. absorbed C. drawn D. concentrate attract, draw 都不用于都不用于be - in 结构中。结构中。 concentrate on sth “集中（思想，精力，集中（思想，精力，注意力等）于注意力等）于- 上上” concentrate 不用于被动语态中不用于被动语态中 Her interest in rebuilding the big house kept her _ for a whole week.

5、A. constrained B. dominated C. restricted D. occupied constrained 勉强的，受拘束的勉强的，受拘束的 dominated 占支配地位的占支配地位的 restricted 受拘束的，有限的受拘束的，有限的 occupied 忙碌的忙碌的2. Colin and I plan to spend a few weeks travelling before he goes to university. spend的主语必须是人，的主语必须是人， 常用于以下结构常用于以下结构(1) spend time money on sth. 在在上花

6、费时间上花费时间(金金钱钱)例：例：I spent two hours on this maths problem. (2) spend time money (in) doing sth. 花费时间花费时间(金钱金钱)做某事做某事 例：例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge. (3)spend money for sth. 花钱买花钱买 例：例：His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书他的钱用来买书了。了。 cost的主语是物或某种活动，的主语是物或某种活动， 还可以表示还可以表示“值值”， 常见用

7、法如下：常见用法如下： (1)sth. costs (sb.) 金钱金钱,某物花了某物花了(某人某人)多少多少钱钱 A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。台新电脑要花一大笔钱。 (2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) 时间时间,某物某物(做某事做某事)花了花了(某人某人)多少时间多少时间 Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。 注意：注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是的过去式及过去

8、分词都是cost,并且并且不能用于被动句。不能用于被动句。 take后面常跟双宾语，后面常跟双宾语， 常见用法有以下几种：常见用法有以下几种： (1) It takes sb. 时间时间to do sth. 做某事花了做某事花了某人多少时间某人多少时间 It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。 (2)doing sth. takes sb. 时间时间 做某事花了某做某事花了某人多少时间。人多少时间。 Repairing this car took him the whole after

9、noon. 他花了一下午修车。他花了一下午修车。 pay的基本用法是：的基本用法是： (1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱付钱(给某人给某人)买买 I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. (2) pay for sth. 付付的钱的钱 I have to pay for the book lost. (3) pay for sb. 替某人付钱替某人付钱 Dont worry! Ill pay for you. (4) pay sb. 付钱给某人付钱给某人 They pay us every mont

10、h. (5) pay money back 还钱还钱 May I borrow 12 yuan from you? Ill pay it back next week. (6) pay off ones money还清钱还清钱 Who would like to _ a few hours buying me some flowers,boys? A. take B. spend C. pay D. cost3. Were going to visit so many exciting places Tips: 1) so + adj./ adv. so many / few + n. c s

11、o much / little 少少 + n. u so+ adj.+ a/an+ nC单单 such +a/an+ adj.+n.C单单 2) such little girls (小小)I was astonished to find that _ little children got _ little milk.suchso such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。能修饰形容词或副词。 后面接后面接单数可数名词单数可数名词 so+ adj. + a(an) + n. / such +a(an) +adj. + n

12、. so interesting a book = such an interesting book 后面接后面接复数名词复数名词或或不可数名词不可数名词时，只能用时，只能用such，而不，而不能用能用so。 such beautiful flowers 这么美丽的花这么美丽的花 但是，复数名词或不可数名词前有但是，复数名词或不可数名词前有many，few，much，little(少）少）修饰时，只能用修饰时，只能用so而不能用而不能用such，这是一种，这是一种固定用法。固定用法。 so many books 这么多书这么多书 so few people 这么少的人这么少的人 so much

13、 money 那么多的钱那么多的钱 so little milk 那么少的牛奶那么少的牛奶 4. Were going to ride camel through the Sahara Desert. prep. 1. 穿过，贯穿穿过，贯穿 We walked rapidly through the back door. 2.通过通过= by means of I got this job though the help of my brother. 3.（指时间）自始至终，头到尾：（指时间）自始至终，头到尾： We worked through the night. 4. (做做)完，（耗）

14、尽完，（耗）尽 Are you through your homework? adv. 穿过，通过；穿过，通过； 从头到尾，完全地从头到尾，完全地 I got wet through in the rain. The guard at the entrance would not let us through. Have you read the letter through? The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, _ deserts, _ mountains, _ valleys, till at last it reaches th

15、e sea. A. over; across; across B. through; past; past C. across; over; through D. past; through; over across穿越沙漠时，从其表面穿过穿越沙漠时，从其表面穿过 over 翻越大山时，从一边翻到另一边翻越大山时，从一边翻到另一边 through 穿越峡谷时，从其内部（两边有高山）穿过穿越峡谷时，从其内部（两边有高山）穿过 The fourth of July is celebrated the United States. A. through B. all through C. throu

16、ghout D. all throught时间上的时间上的“在整个（一段时间），可用在整个（一段时间），可用ABC在整个地区时，只用在整个地区时，只用throughout= all overD项错误项错误5.* Its the biggest desert in the world about the size of the US.= - almost as big as the US. Our classroom is twice bigger than theirs. Our classroom is three times as big as theirs. Our classroom

17、is three times the size of theirs. At a rough estimate, Nigeria is _ Great Britain. A. 3 times the size as B. the size three times of C. three times as the size of D. three times the size of 那个游泳池有半个足球场那么大。那个游泳池有半个足球场那么大。 The swimming pool is half the size of a football field.6. I expect it would be

18、 very hot, dry and dusty there.Tips:expect + that-clause预料，预期预料，预期 expect + n. (sb. / sth.)Jack and Mary expect their second child very soon. expect to doI expect to be punished. I know what to expect.expect sb. to do期望（某人会做某事）期望（某人会做某事）I expect them to improve. expect soexpect not = dont expect so

19、Will she come? I expect not/so.她会不会来呢？我想会来她会不会来呢？我想会来/不会来。不会来。 2005福建福建 Mum is coming. What present _for your birthday? A. you expect she has got B. you expect has she got C. do you expect she has got D. do you expect has she got2000NMET: Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new j

20、ob.A.expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects91 NMET: We _ each other the best of luck in the examination.A. hoped B. wanted C. expected D. wished=by camel=on the/a camel(s)=on camels cf: by +交通工具交通工具 in/ on + 修饰词修饰词+交通工具交通工具/ in/on+交通工具交通工具(s) take/ ride+ the/a+交通工具交通工具by bike; on the/a

21、bike(s); on bikesby car; in the car(s); in carsby bus; on the busby plane; on the planeby taxi; in the taxi* take the 5:00 train/ ride his bike7. Well be travelling by camel with local guides, camping in tents and sleeping on the ground. camping in tents and sleeping 分词作状语，表伴随性动作分词作状语，表伴随性动作He came

22、in，_ and _. (唱着跳着唱着跳着) He came in ,_ by a group of students. (跟着跟着)singingdancingfollowedThe storm left, _ a lot of damage to this area. A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having causedD My brother came to see me from the country,_ me a full basket of fresh fruits. A. brought B. bringing C.

23、to bring D. had brought Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always _ the same thing. A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said8. - and the stars seem especially brilliant on clear nights. e.g. The couple often takes a heart-to-heart talk in the moonlight on

24、clear nights. The story happened on a cold morning.Tips: at night / in the nighton a cold nighton Saturday nighton the night of 用适当的介词填空用适当的介词填空 _ April , 1976 _ April 1, 1976 _ the morning of April 1, 1976 _ 9: 00 _ the morning of April 1, 1976inonononat 9. Ill bring a flashlight with me so that I

25、will be able to see in the dark. so that=in order that, 引导目的状语从句，从句引导目的状语从句，从句中谓语动词前常用情态动词中谓语动词前常用情态动词may, might, can, could, will, would和和should. He turned down the radio so that his neighbors would not hear it. so that 还可用来引导结果状语从句，从句中谓语还可用来引导结果状语从句，从句中谓语动词前一般不用情态动词，并常用逗号与主句隔动词前一般不用情态动词，并常用逗号与主句隔开

26、。开。 Nothing more was heard from him, so that people thought he was dead. He raised his voice, so that everyone heard him. He raised his voice so that everyone could hear him. 2005北京北京Id like to arrive 20 minutes early _ _ I can have time for a cup of tea. A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. s

27、o that 2004NMET. Roses need special care _ _ they can live through winter. A. because B. so that C. even D. asin the darka. 在暗处在暗处A cat can see_.b. 秘密地，一无所知，蒙在鼓里秘密地，一无所知，蒙在鼓里We were completely kept_ about the plan.in the darkin the dark 10. That means Ill have to sit on a camel for almost a week- me

28、an vt. 1）意味着，意思是）意味着，意思是- mean sth./ doing sth./ that- clause Revolution means liberating the productive forces. 2) 打算，意图打算，意图 mean sb sth 打算给某人某事打算给某人某事 mean to do sth 打算做某事打算做某事 mean sb to do sth 想使某人做某事想使某人做某事 I meant to call on you, but I was so busy. （对某人而言）意味着对某人而言）意味着- mean sth to sb Having m

29、y parents around me means happiness to me. had meant= had hoped/ planned/ wanted 原原打算打算- I had meant to apologize to him, but I changed my mind. be meant to do sth 必须得做必须得做- You must be meant to play the piano. 你注定就是要弹钢琴。你注定就是要弹钢琴。 means n. 工具，方法，手段工具，方法，手段 单复数同形单复数同形： There are/ is no means of gett

30、ing there. by this means 用这种方法用这种方法 Only by this means can I work out this problem. by all means 一定，务必；一定，务必；(表答应表答应)好的，当然好的，当然 Read the book by all means. by any means 无论如何无论如何 by means of 用，用， 依靠依靠 We express our feelings by means of words. by no means 绝不绝不 -Am I wrong? No, by no means. That your

31、friend didnt off you a gift on your birthday _ that he will break away with you. A. dont mean B. doesnt mean C. didnt mean D. hadnt meant -Why havent you bought any oil? - I _ to but I forgot about it. A. liked B. wished C. meant D. expected In some parts of London, missing a bus means _ for another

32、 one hour. A.waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. A. is used B. are used C. has been usedD. have been used Many possible means _ been tried, but _ worked. A. have; none B. has; a few C. has; none D. have; a f

33、ew -You are so lucky! - What do you mean _ that? A. for B. in C. of D. by11. So, well go white-water rafting.go: “进行进行”, 后常接动名词后常接动名词，表示去做某，表示去做某事或从事某种职业。事或从事某种职业。 e.g. go swimming go hunting go shopping go skating go skiing go camping go fishing go hiking12. Then ,were going on a trip to see wild a

34、nimals in kenya.e.g. They are longing to go on a honey- moon trip to Venice.Tips: 1) go on a visit (trip, tour, journey) visits (trips, tours, journeys) go on duty (strike, business, sale)2) go on with a visit = continue 13. Well live with the local people in their villages, and eat and drink whatev

35、er they do, including cows blood!whatever conj. “任何事，一切，什么任何事，一切，什么”,引导名词引导名词性从句性从句,在句中作主，宾，表语在句中作主，宾，表语或或让步状语从句让步状语从句无无论怎样论怎样-都，无论什么都，无论什么-都都 = no matter what无论你说什么我都相信。无论你说什么我都相信。你可以写你喜欢的任何主题。你可以写你喜欢的任何主题。I will believe whatever you say.Whatever/ No matter what you say, I will believe you.You may

36、write on whatever subject you like. 类似的词如：类似的词如：wherever ,whoever, whomever, whichever, however However (No matter how) great the difficulty is ,you should try to overcome it. Wherever (No matter where) you go ,you can take it with you. 2005浙江浙江The old tower must be saved, _ the cost. A. howeverB. w

37、hatever C. whichever D. wherever 2005NMET. The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get. A. whichever B. howeverC. whateverD. whenever Once you enter the university, you will be free to study _ you. A. whatever that interests B. whatever which interests C. whatever interesting D. whatever

38、 interests14. to carry my supplies of food and water.e.g. The earthquake-hit areas are more dependent upon supplies of food.TIP: 1) n. a supply of food/ a food supply supplies of food/ food supplies2) vt. supply A to/for B supply B with ACompare: provide A for B provide B with AThe media supplies _

39、every day.A. lots of information to us B. us for lots of informationC. a lot of information with us D. us to a lot of informationThe water company cut off the _ of water for no good reasons. A. provide B. supply C. offer D. sourceAB15try to get as close as possible toe.g. The firefighters couldnt ge

40、t close to the burning building on time.1) be (get) close to (adj.)2) follow sb. close behind (adv.)3) up close4) with ones eyes closed (vt.)5) close / closely (区别区别) close: (adj/adv) 常与常与to连用连用:近的地近的地 closely : (adv) 严密地，仔细地，密切地严密地，仔细地，密切地 用用close和和 closely填空填空1.She stood_ to her teacher so that sh

41、e could watch_.2.The policeman examined his room_.3.They watched the thief_.4.They have been _ friends for many years. closeclosecloselycloselyclosely as +adj. / adv. + as possible = as adj./adv.+ as one can 尽可能的尽可能的/地地 Let me know your answer as soon as possible. 16. - even though theyre dangerous,

42、 - even though/if= though/ although 即使即使也也 ,引导让步作状语从句引导让步作状语从句 相关高考试题相关高考试题 2005湖南湖南Allow children the space to voice their opinions, _they are different from your own. A. untilB. even ifC. unlessD. as though 2005辽宁辽宁There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely, _ she was an only child. Aever si

43、nceBnow thatCeven thoughDeven as17. to scare the animals away (L37)e.g. The sight of the snake scared the boy away.TIP: 1) scareaway (off, stiff, to death) 2) scared / scary (区别区别) 3) scare = frighten 18. look forward to (prep.)sth./doing sth.: 期待，盼望期待，盼望 pay attention to sth./doing sth.注意注意 get dow

44、n to sth./ doing sth.招手做招手做- be used to doing 习惯习惯 stick to 坚持坚持 devote - to 献身于献身于 lead to 通向；导致通向；导致 turn to 求助于；涉及求助于；涉及 object to 反对反对 refer to 涉及；参考涉及；参考Two important drills1. in case + clausee.g. In case anything important happens, please contact me in time. TIP: 1) In case of fire, please cal

45、l 119. 2)Youd better take an umbrella in case. 3)in this / that / on / any / many case(s) Take a hat with you _ the sun is very hot.Take an umbrella with you_rain._, I would prefer to stay on the bus.Dont worry. Ill go there _._ will I give in.in casein case ofIn that casein any caseIn no caseJohn m

46、ay phone tonight. I dont want to go out _he phones. A. as long as B. in order that C. in case D. so thatCI dont think Ill need any money but I will bring some_. A. at last B. in case C. once again D. in timeI can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions bu

47、t couldnt write a good essay. A. why B. which C. as D. whereBD2. whatever (however) + n.-clausese.g. Ill just say whatever comes into my head. Whoever breaks the law should be punished. TIP: whatever / however / + adv.-clauses = no matter what / how / e.g. Keep calm, whatever happens. = no matter wh

48、at Sarah hopes to become a friend of _share her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who _ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. whoeverCD1. excite 1) _ (n. 激动激动) 2) _ (adj. 令人感到激令人感到激 动的动的) 3) _ (adj. 感到激动的感到激动的)2. amaze 1) _ (adj

49、. 令人感到惊令人感到惊 奇的奇的) 2) _ (adj. 感到惊奇的感到惊奇的) 3. adventure 1) _ (adj. 冒险的冒险的) 2) _ (探险旅游探险旅游)excitementexcitingexcitedamazingamazedadventurousadventure travelConsolidation exercises1.Those flowers are so special that I would do _ I can to save them. A. whatever B. no matter what C. whichever D. that2. H

50、e sat _ against the wall and listened to the teacher _. A. close; close B. closely; closely C. closely; close D. close; closely AD3. Have you heard from Janet recently? - No, but I _ her over Christmas. A. saw B. will be seeing C. have seen D. have been seen4. With _ electrical equipment, wood and p