语法主谓一致.ppt

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1、主主 谓谓 一一 致致三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则。三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则。（1）What he would like most for a birthday present is a camera. Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit. Where to find him and how to find him is not known to us. What we need badly are English teachers. What I think and what

2、I say are no business of yours. 一、语法一致原则一、语法一致原则1.下列情况谓语动词常用下列情况谓语动词常用单数单数形式形式：(2)The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. One more knife and fork is needed. War and peace is a constant theme in history. When and where will go has not been decided. (3)Many a student has realized the impo

3、rtance of learning English.No sound and voice is heard.Many a boy and many a girl has made the same mistake.（4）Is anybody going to tell him the news. Everything is ready. Each of the students is given one chance only. 注意：all做主语由所指代意义决定。All指人时 谓语用复数，指物时谓语用单数。 All but one were here just now. All that

4、can be done is done . each 做副词时，主语是复数意义时，谓语动词要用复数形式。 They/the students each have got a new dictionary. 2.（1）就远原则）就远原则 The teacher as well as students was excited. A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift. Some of the students as much as the teacher were responsible for t

5、he failure. Mr. White, together with his wife and sons, is to arrive in the evening flight.(2)This new type of buses is now on show. All kinds of difficulties have to be overcome. Apples (of this kind) taste good. (3)Twenty percent of the country is covered by islands. The rest of the spelling exerc

6、ises are to be done as your homework. The rest of the food is to be kept in the refrigerator. The first two problems are very difficult, but the rest are easy. 二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则1.在下列情况下，谓语动词通常用单数形式。（1）Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me . Ten dollars is enough for him. Fifty kilogrammes is not

7、 too heavy to be carried.(2)My family is a large and good family. The family are on holiday in Europe.(3)Mathematics is the language of science. physics politics maths economics linguistics (4)His “Selected Poems” was published in 1965. The United States is North America.(5)The news is true. news go

8、ods plastics works2.在下列情况下，谓语动词通常用复数形式： （1）The injured have been taken to hospital. The young are required to respect the old. The good in him the bad. (2) The police are searching for the thief. The cattle were still grazing in the field. The majority were on Toms side. 三.就近原则（1）There is a lamp, tw

9、o pens and three books on the desk. Here are some envelopes and paper for you.(2)Either you and Jane is to be sent to New Zealand. Neither he nor I have finished the experiment. Not only his family but he also likes Chaplins movies.补充：（1）定语从句中的谓语形式与先行词保持一致 I ,who am your friend ,will leave for Canad

10、a. Those who havent handed in their composition, please hand them in tomorrow morning. He is often late for school ,which makes his teacher angry. As is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing. （2）单复数同形的名词与谓语动词的一致 单复数同形的名词做主语，要根据上下文的意 义以及修饰这些词的词来确定其谓语形式。 A sheep is

11、 dying. Many sheep are eating grass on the hillside. Every means has been tried. The means of communication between here and outside are interrupted. 单复数同形的名词：Aircraft crossroads deer fish headquarters means Series sheep species works (3)形式为复数，意义为单数成双部分的名词，如 trousersshoesgloves clothes stocks chopsticks shorts pants scissors谓语一般用复数 My blue trousers have been worn out. 但有a this that pair of 修饰时则用单数 This pair of trousers is black.