2022上海职称英语考试考前冲刺卷（8）.docx

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1、2022上海职称英语考试考前冲刺卷（8）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.The Development of Rubber 2.The Development of Rubber 3.The Development of Rubber 4.The Development of Rubber 5.The Development of Rubber 6.阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。On British Newspapers Besid

2、es the daily newspapers, there are a number of Sunday newspapers in Britain. Many of them are connected with the dailies, though not run by the same editor and his members. The Sunday papers are larger than the daily papers and usually contain more articles concerned with comment (评论) and general in

3、formation rather than news. The national daily and Sunday papers have the largest circulation(发行) in the world. Of the Sunday papers, the Observer and the Sunday Times are the best known. It is a regrettable fact that the number of magazines of a literary or political nature has dropped down since t

4、he war. This has probably been caused by the ever-wider use of radio and television. The most successful magazines are those published for women. Their covers are designed to catch the eye, and they certainly succeed in doing so! They offer their readers articles on cookery (烹饪法), fashion, needlewor

5、k, and many other matters of women interest. They also provide advice to those in love, and adventures with handsome heroes. Some womens magazines also include serious articles of more general interest. The visitor who looks at the magazines displayed in a large bookstall (书摊) which may be found in

6、an important railway station will notice that there is a wide variety of technical or semitechnical(半专业的) books and magazines. There are magazines for the motorist, the farmer, the gardener, the nurse, and many others. There are many local and regional newspapers. It is common in Britain for a news

7、agent(报刊经售人) to deliver (投递) the morning papers to his customers for a small extra payment, this service is usually performed by boys and girls who want to earn some pocket-money.Some Sunday newspapers may belong to the same publishing company but are not edited by the same group of people. AA) Righ

8、tBB) WrongCC) Not mentioned 7.下面有篇短文，每篇短文后有道题，每题后面有个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。B第一篇/BSilence Please If there is one group of workers across the Western world who will be glad that Christmas is over, that group is shop workers. It is not that they like to complain. They realize that they

9、are going to be rushed off their feet at Christmas. They know that their employers need happy customers to make their profits that pay their wages. But there is one thing about working in a shop over Christmas that is too bad to tolerate. That thing is music. These days, all shops and many offices h

10、ave what is known as Piped music or muzak playing for all the hours that they are open. Muzak has an odd history. During the 1940s, music was played to cows as part of a scientific experiment. It was found that cows which listened to simple, happy music produced more milk. Perhaps workers and custom

11、ers who listened to simple, happy music would be more productive and spend more money. In fact, nobody knows what effect playing muzak in shops has on profits. It is simply something that everybody does. But we are learning more about the effect of constantly repeated hearings of songs on the people

12、 who have to hear them all the time. Research shows that repeated hearings of complex pieces of music bring greater enjoyment before becoming tiresome. And that point come much sooner with simple songs. Thats especially the case with tunes that are already familiar. Once that tipping point3 is reach

13、ed, repeated listening become unpleasant, says Professor John Sloboda of UKs Keele Universitys music psychology group. And the less control you have over what you hear, the less you like it. Thats why police forces in the US often try and resolve hostage situations by playing pop songs over and over

14、 again at high volume. Eventually, it becomes too much for the criminals to stand and they give up. The problem gets particularly bad at Christmas, when the muzak consists entirely of the same few festive tunes played over and over again. What makes it worse for the shop workers is that they already

15、 know these runes. They get bored very quickly. Then they get irritated. Then they get angry. Shop workers in Austria recently threatened to go on strike for the right to silence. Shop workers cant escape the Christmas muzak. They feel as if they are terrorized all day. Especially Jingle Bells. It a

16、rouses aggressive feelings, said Gottfried Rieser, of the Austrian shop workers union. It is not just shop workers who complain. A survey this year by UK recruitment website Retailchoice. com found that Christmas is not only the most testing time for shop workers, but that almost half had complaints

17、 from customers about muzak. And the British Royal National Institute for the Deaf estimates that some stores play Jingle Bells 300 times each year. Thats acoustic torture, says Nigel Rodgers of Pipedown. A group against muzak. Its not loud but the repetitive nature causes psychological stress. The

18、group wants the government to legislate against unwanted music in stores, hospitals, airports, swimming pools and other public places, claiming it raises the blood pressure and depresses the immune system. Perhaps groups like Pipedown dont really have much to complain about. After all, surely the re

19、al point is that people have money to spend. Why complain about a bit of music The shop workers in the Western world are glad when Christmas is over because they dont have to Arush their feet off all day.Blisten to the music playing all the time in the shop.Cwork overtime to make more profits for th

20、e boss.Dtry to please the customers. 8.B第二篇/BOn Being a Matchmaker The first thing I do when I wake up is to make a mental list of all things I have to do that day. Im very organized! Then I get up and have my bath. Often my best matchmaking(媒人) ideas come while Im in the bath. Sometimes I have a re

21、ally good idea about who might be good with whom. Before I did matchmaking, I was a social worker, but I knew I wanted to do something without bosses telling me what to do and that I am good at dealing with people. Also I had seen too many broken marriages and too many people go downhill because the

22、y were so lonely. So I gave up my job, did a bit of research and started the matchmaking business in 1970. Over the last few years weve been doing introductions throughout Europe as well as here in Britain. Europeans want to meet British people. For every 100 people who come to us, about 65 will set

23、tle down. We keep going until clients (委托人) find someone that they get on very well with. Were great triers. Of course there are impossible people, those who will never settle. Sometimes I end up giving advice to clients. A few months ago, we had a highly paid scientist with a very nice face, but ev

24、ery woman refused to meet him a second time. It soon became clear that he did not like changing his shirts. So I had to be very honest and frank and told him, But a woman cant start to love you if your shirt smells. The job is most satisfy ing when I get a call from a couple telling me they have fal

25、len in love.What does the author mean by saying Im very organized AShe is especially capable of organizing things.BShe has a fixed plan for her everyday activities.CShe likes to remember things she has to do.DShe always finishes what she does on time. 9.B第三篇/BFaster Effective Reading A higher readin

26、g rate, with no loss of comprehension, will help you in other subjects as well as in English, and the general principles apply to any language. Naturally, you will not read every book at the same speed. You would expect to read a newspaper, for example, much more rapidly than a physics or economics

27、textbookbut you can raise your average reading speed over the whole range of materials you wish to cover so that the percentage (百分比) gained will be the same whatever kind of reading you are concerned with. The reading passages which follow are all of an average level of difficulty for your stage of

28、 instruction. They are all about five hundred words long. They are about topics of general interest which do not require a great deal of specialized knowledge. Thus they fall between the kind of reading you might find in your textbooks and the much less demanding kind you will find in a newspaper or

29、 light novel. If you read this kind of English, with understanding at, say, four hundred words per minute, you might drop to two hundred or two hundred and fifty. Perhaps you would like to know what reading speeds are common among native Englishspeaking university students and how those speeds can b

30、e improved. Tests in Minnesota, U. S. A, for example, have shown that students without special training can read English of average difficulty, for example, Tolstoys War and Peace in translation, at speeds of between 240 and 250 words per minute with about seventy percent comprehension. Students in

31、Minnesota claim that after twelve half-hour lessons, once a week, the reading speed can be increased, with no loss of comprehension, to around five hundred words per minute. According to the passage, the purpose of effective reading with higher speed is most likely to help you_. Aonly in your readin

32、g of a physics textbookBimprove your understanding of an economics textbookCnot only in your language study but also in other subjectsDchoose the suitable materials for you to practice reading 10.阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。Man and Computer What makes people different from co

33、mputer programs What is the missing element that our theories dont yetU (51) /Ufor The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories U (52) /Ua reason to learn more about what they are interested in. Computers, on the other hand, dont. In fact, computers dontU (53) /Uhave interests; there is nothi

34、ng in particular that they are trying to find out when they read. If a computerU (54) /Uis to be a model of story understanding, it should also read for a purpose. Of course, people have several goals that do not makeU (55) /Uto attribute to computers. One might read a restaurant guide in order to s

35、atisfy hunger or entertainment goals, or to U (56) /Ua good place to go for a business lunch. Computers do notU (57) /U, and computers do not have business lunches. However, these physiological and social goals giveU (58) /Uto several intellectual or cognitive(认知的)goals. A goal to satisfy hunger giv

36、es rise to goals to findU (59) /Uabout the name of a restaurant which serves the desired type of food, how expensive the restaurant is, the U (60) /Uof the restaurant, etc. These are goals toU (61) /Uinformation or knowledge, what we are callingU (62) /Ugoals. These goals can be held by computers to

37、o a computer might want to find out the location of a restaurant, and read a guide in order to do soU (63) /Uthe same way as a person might. While such a goal would notU (64) /Uout of hunger in the case of the computer, it mightU (65) /Urise out of the goal to learn more about restaurants. AexpressB

38、explainCaccountDcount 11.阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。On British Newspapers Besides the daily newspapers, there are a number of Sunday newspapers in Britain. Many of them are connected with the dailies, though not run by the same editor and his members. The Sunday papers are larger than the

39、daily papers and usually contain more articles concerned with comment (评论) and general information rather than news. The national daily and Sunday papers have the largest circulation(发行) in the world. Of the Sunday papers, the Observer and the Sunday Times are the best known. It is a regrettable fac

40、t that the number of magazines of a literary or political nature has dropped down since the war. This has probably been caused by the ever-wider use of radio and television. The most successful magazines are those published for women. Their covers are designed to catch the eye, and they certainly su

41、cceed in doing so! They offer their readers articles on cookery (烹饪法), fashion, needlework, and many other matters of women interest. They also provide advice to those in love, and adventures with handsome heroes. Some womens magazines also include serious articles of more general interest. The visi

42、tor who looks at the magazines displayed in a large bookstall (书摊) which may be found in an important railway station will notice that there is a wide variety of technical or semitechnical(半专业的) books and magazines. There are magazines for the motorist, the farmer, the gardener, the nurse, and many

43、others. There are many local and regional newspapers. It is common in Britain for a news agent(报刊经售人) to deliver (投递) the morning papers to his customers for a small extra payment, this service is usually performed by boys and girls who want to earn some pocket-money.It is obvious that daily newspap

44、ers carry more information than the Sunday papers. AA) RightBB) WrongCC) Not mentioned 12.B第二篇/BOn Being a Matchmaker The first thing I do when I wake up is to make a mental list of all things I have to do that day. Im very organized! Then I get up and have my bath. Often my best matchmaking(媒人) ide

45、as come while Im in the bath. Sometimes I have a really good idea about who might be good with whom. Before I did matchmaking, I was a social worker, but I knew I wanted to do something without bosses telling me what to do and that I am good at dealing with people. Also I had seen too many broken ma

46、rriages and too many people go downhill because they were so lonely. So I gave up my job, did a bit of research and started the matchmaking business in 1970. Over the last few years weve been doing introductions throughout Europe as well as here in Britain. Europeans want to meet British people. For

47、 every 100 people who come to us, about 65 will settle down. We keep going until clients (委托人) find someone that they get on very well with. Were great triers. Of course there are impossible people, those who will never settle. Sometimes I end up giving advice to clients. A few months ago, we had a highly paid scientist with a very nice face, but every woman refused to meet him a second time. It soon became clear that he did not like changing his shirts. So I had to be very honest a