男性气质文化与女性气质文化.ppt

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1、Man is head, and woman is neck. -western proverbmen manage external affairs while women deal with internal one. -Chinese proverbIn high masculinity societies,In high masculinity societies, people people tend to believe that matters of tend to believe that matters of material comfort, social privileg

2、e, material comfort, social privilege, access to power and influence, access to power and influence, status and prestige, and ability to status and prestige, and ability to consume are related to ability and consume are related to ability and that with enough opportunity any that with enough opportu

3、nity any individual who wants these individual who wants these benefits of society can have them.benefits of society can have them.High masculinity societies High masculinity societies tend to tend to reward financial and material reward financial and material achievements with preferential achievem

4、ents with preferential social prestige and status, and to social prestige and status, and to attribute strong character and attribute strong character and spiritual values to such high spiritual values to such high achievers.achievers.In feminine societies, men and women are considered socially equa

5、l. Homosexuality is not a threat. Love and tenderness are for men and women alike. Intimate relationship without sex are allowed. Children need love, and parents spend much time with them.In these cultures, women are more prominent in management and professional fields. Organizations accommodate wom

6、ens needs for maternity leave and childcare, and working environments tend to be less assertive and stressful.COMPARISONSJapan ChinaAmerica956662MasculinityMasculinitySweden FranceNorway959257FemininityWomen Men Japanlow statusFewer women will be in high positionsHigh statusMore chance to promotionS

7、wedenBe equal to men in family and work Women protected by lawBe equal to women Fiona: Jim was selected for next general manager .I feel a great pity that it is not you. You are neck and neck on the leadership and prestige ,even last Season ,you have created the outstanding performance.Yangtze: Mayb

8、e as a woman, I lack power and convincing force, so they expect a man to be the manager.Fiona: It is always difficult for our women to get promoted ,isnt it?Yangtze: Maybe!Page 10 According to the report, the nations total in Italy, women make up 51.2%, 48.8% of men. However, in the main, participat

9、ion in politics reflect the greatest concentration of Italian parliament, the proportion of female members are one over ten discontent. With 630 seats in the house of representatives, congresswoman only 56 people; Of the 315 seats in the senate, the congresswoman is only 23.ministermanagerCEOsalesas

10、sitantregular stuffwhite-collarsCharacteristic1.There is a high occupation segregation by gender.2.Career for males are powerful and mandatory, and females are always in the low level position.3.People are highly competitive.4.Accomplishments are highly valued.5.People are task-oriented.6.The art of

11、 combat is valued.7.Family and work life are separaed.Page 13Yangtze: How are you going recently?Fiona:I think it is not fine. I fail to be the general manager, and I always feel great press because of the fierce competition and human indifference.Yangtze: oh, that sounds ridiculous. In my country,

12、the job opportunities for both males and females are equal. In politics, women members of Parliament, the proportion of women Ministers are close to 50.I am working in Ericsson ,and engineers bosses tend to be female. Our stuffs are cooperative and supportive ,just like a large family.1.There is a l

13、ittle occupational segregation by gender.2.There is relative gender equality.3.Careers for males are optional.4.More women are in powerful jobs.5.Nurturing is highly valued.6.The level of job-related stress is low.7.People are highly cooperative.8.People are relationship-oriented.9.The art of compro

14、mise is valued.10.The smaller , the more beautiful.11.Concern for family issues is present in workplace12.One works to liveFuture tencyFuture tencyMasculine cultures tend to be ambitious and need to excel. Members of these cultures have a tendency to polarize and consider big and fast to be beautifu

15、l. In workplaces employees emphasize their work to a great extent (live in order to work) and they admire achievers who accomplished their tasks.Feminine cultures consider quality of life and helping others to be very important. Working is basically to earn money which is necessary for living. In bu

16、siness as well as in private life they strive for consensus and develop sympathy for people who are in trouble. Small and slow are considered to be beautiful.IN MASCULINE CULTUREIN MASCULINE CULTUREEmployee are explicitly divided in the functionsthe corporation are running effectively Push to innova

17、tion and reform of inner system.Lead to unfair phenomenon or cut-throat competition ,Such as the corruption.IN FEMINITY CULTUREIN FEMINITY CULTUREThe employees are cooperative and nurturing in their relationship, forming good corporation atmosphere.Impact on the morale and motivationNot encourage th

18、e competition circle, the problem can not be pointed out accurately and timelySuggestionsSuggestions Understand and respect each other; try to avoid conflict. Seeking common ground while putting aside differences;(求同存异求同存异) treating it with tolerance. Keep your own values , judgments and dreams. Learn something valuable from other cultures to adapt to the change of environment.