中考复习-句型转换解题技巧.ppt

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1、句型转换句型转换DE答题技巧答题技巧初三复习系列句型转换的解题技巧 句型转换句型转换是句子类别的是句子类别的转换。该题的目的在于检测学转换。该题的目的在于检测学生运用各种句型的表达能力。生运用各种句型的表达能力。要求学生对所学的句子结构和要求学生对所学的句子结构和词形的变化做到概念清楚，运词形的变化做到概念清楚，运用准确。用准确。例例1The little girl was so tired that she couldnt go farther.The little girl was _ tired _ go farther. （一）（一） 句型转换的解题应试技巧句型转换的解题应试技巧1必须

2、弄清原句的句型和意思以及判别改写必须弄清原句的句型和意思以及判别改写后的句子是什么句型。后的句子是什么句型。 通过分析，我们不难发现，该题是由复合通过分析，我们不难发现，该题是由复合句转换为简单句，可用句转换为简单句，可用tooto句型。句型。 根据我们所学过的同义词组，根据我们所学过的同义词组，look after sb well相当于相当于take good care of sb. 例例2 It took him two hours to do these exercises yesterday. He _ two hours _ these exercises yesterday. 该句

3、的句型是该句的句型是It takes sb sometime to do sth. 英语表达该意思的还有英语表达该意思的还有spendon句型。句型。例例3 I must look after my sister well at home. I must _ _ _ _ my sister at home. 很明显，这是两个简单句之间的转换，可很明显，这是两个简单句之间的转换，可用用not strong enough来填空。来填空。 例例4They were tired, so they had a rest. They had a rest _ they were tired. 该句由并列句

4、转换为复合句，可用该句由并列句转换为复合句，可用because来连接，表示因果关系。来连接，表示因果关系。例例5He was too weak to carry the heavy box. He was _ _ _ to carry the heavy box. 从近年来的考题趋势来看，句型从近年来的考题趋势来看，句型转换从单纯测试语法知识向改变句子转换从单纯测试语法知识向改变句子结构填空，填词后使句意不变或与要结构填空，填词后使句意不变或与要求相符的方向发展。其中许多属于常求相符的方向发展。其中许多属于常用句型。可归纳如下：用句型。可归纳如下：2要熟悉常用句型的转换规律。要熟悉常用句型的转

5、换规律。例例3We can fly to the moon one day._ _ fly to the moon one day?(1) (1) 肯定句变为一般疑问句及否定句肯定句变为一般疑问句及否定句a. 变为一般疑问句时，系动词变为一般疑问句时，系动词be、助动词或情助动词或情态动词置于主语之前。态动词置于主语之前。例例1 He was so clever. _ _ so clever?例例2John felt happy at that time._ John _ happy at that time?WasheDidfeelCanyou例例3 The doctor could hel

6、p that people. The doctor _ _ that people. b. 变为否定句时，系动词、助动词或情变为否定句时，系动词、助动词或情态动词后加态动词后加not。 例例1 The twins were happy to see their uncle. The twins _ _ to see their uncle. 例例2 Mr. Smith works hard every day. Mr. Smith _ _ hard every day.werent happydoesntworkcouldnt help例例2I could dance and sing whe

7、n I was five years old.I _ dance _ sing when I was five years old. 如果肯定句中含有如果肯定句中含有some，and，a lot oflots of，already，tooalso, bothand, everythingeveryoneeverybody, always等词等词(组组)，要变为，要变为any，or，muchmany，yet， either, neithernor, nothingnobody, never。c. 注意：注意：例例1They had lots of friends in China.They _

8、have _ friends in China.didntmanycouldntor例例 He can make a model plane, I think. (否定句否定句) I _ think he _ make a model plane.例例1Mother told me to go to bed early last night. Mother told me _ _ go to bed early last night.d. 否定前移否定前移e. 一些特殊结构，变否定句时，在动词（词一些特殊结构，变否定句时，在动词（词组）后直接加组）后直接加not。dontcannotto 另外

9、，还有另外，还有ask sb (not) to do sth，Will you please (not) do sth，had better (not) do sth，try (not) to do sth, decide (not) to do sth等。等。 例例2 Lets play basketball on the playground this afternoon. Lets _ _ basketball on the playground.notplay例例2 The man in the car is my fathers friend. _ _ is _ fathers fr

10、iend? (2) (2) 对划线部分提问对划线部分提问 对划线部分提问是根据划线的内容提出一个特对划线部分提问是根据划线的内容提出一个特殊疑问句。即特殊疑问词殊疑问句。即特殊疑问词+一般疑问句构成。一般疑问句构成。a. 如划线部分是定语，它所修饰的词要如划线部分是定语，它所修饰的词要跟随特殊疑问词移至句前。跟随特殊疑问词移至句前。例例1 This is Kates hat. _ _ is this?WhosehatWhichmanyour例例2 Ann flew to Beijing last year. What _ Ann _ last year? b. 划线部分如是谓语动词，应该用划线

11、部分如是谓语动词，应该用do的形式来取代。的形式来取代。例例1 They are looking for the boy in the city. _ are they _ in the city?Whatdoingdiddo c. c. 常见疑问词常见疑问词(组组)：what，what+名词名词(如如what colour，what grade等等)，when，why，where，who(whom)，which，whose，how，how+形容词形容词副词副词(如如how long，how far，how often，how soon等等)。要注意以上各。要注意以上各种疑问词种疑问词(组组)

12、的用法。的用法。 dd. 注意一些特殊词，如注意一些特殊词，如little，few，no，nothing，never等出现时，前半句表示否定等出现时，前半句表示否定的概念，后半句应用肯定形式。的概念，后半句应用肯定形式。(3) 改为反意疑问句 反意疑问句的前半句为陈述句，后半句为简反意疑问句的前半句为陈述句，后半句为简短的一般疑问句，在改写当中，要注意：短的一般疑问句，在改写当中，要注意：a. 前肯后否，前否后肯；前肯后否，前否后肯；b. 人称、时态和数要保持一致；人称、时态和数要保持一致；c. 各种祈使句，反意疑问句的后半句都用各种祈使句，反意疑问句的后半句都用will you，但但Lets

13、句用句用shall we；例例4 Dont tell him the bad news, _ _? 例例1 Class 3 were the winners in the race, _ _?例例2 The man couldnt climb up the tree, _ _?例例3 There is little water in the bottle, _ _?werent theycouldheistherewillyou另外，注意以下句子：另外，注意以下句子： I am a student,_ _?What a kind girl, _ _?How fast the boy runs,

14、 _ _? arentIisntshedoesnt he例例3I dont know what I can do. I dont know _ _ do. (4) 复合句变为简单句由复合句变为简单句时，一般都是将复合由复合句变为简单句时，一般都是将复合句中的从句改为不定式形式，或是介词短语的句中的从句改为不定式形式，或是介词短语的形式。比如形式。比如sothat可以改写成可以改写成tooto结构的结构的简单句，但应注意简单句，但应注意to后面必须直接跟行为动词后面必须直接跟行为动词的原形。的原形。例例1 He was so young that he cant read. He was _ _

15、 _ read.例例2 We cant live if there is no air or water. We cant live _ air or water.tooyoungtowithoutwhatto例例2 Li Lei is the tallest in his class. Li Lei is _ than _ _ student in his class. (5) 特定词组、句型的特殊用法例例1 Whats the matter, Granny? _ _ with you, Granny?Whatswrongtalleranyother例例3 You cant take bot

16、h the basketball and the football. You can take _ the basketball _ the football. (6) 同义句转换例例1 Li Ping does well in English. Li Ping _ _ _ English.例例2 I can mend the bike. Li Lei can, too. I can mend the bike, and _ _ Li Lei.isgoodatsocaneitheror例例2 His brother wont do the shopping tomorrow. (改为一般现在时

17、改为一般现在时)His brother _ _ the shopping on Sundays. (7) 时态转换例例1 We are going to help the farmers on the farm tomorrow. (用用now改写改写) We _ _ the farmers on the farm _.arehelpingnowdoesnt do 例例3The flowers are beautiful. _ _ _ they are! _ _ _ flowers are! （8 8）改为感叹句）改为感叹句例例1 The twins study Chinese very ha

18、rd. _ _ the twins study Chinese!例例2The weather was rather bad yesterday. _ _ _ it was yesterday!HowhardWhatbadweatherWhat beautiful flowersHowbeautiful the3反复推敲，确保无误。改变后要看看意思是否与反复推敲，确保无误。改变后要看看意思是否与要求相符，有没有语法和习惯用法方面的错误。要求相符，有没有语法和习惯用法方面的错误。（二）做句型转换时应注意的几个问题首先应看清题意，分析句子结构，再按句子要求首先应看清题意，分析句子结构，再按句子要求变换句型。变换句型。1注意时态；注意时态；2句子的成分不变。原句的句子在改变句型时仍不句子的成分不变。原句的句子在改变句型时仍不可缺少，否则句子不完整，但有一个例外，在陈述可缺少，否则句子不完整，但有一个例外，在陈述句改为感叹句时，要增加句子成分，感叹词句改为感叹句时，要增加句子成分，感叹词what和和how分别为按句子的要求而增加的定语或状语，句子分别为按句子的要求而增加的定语或状语，句子其他成分不变；其他成分不变；练习题（略）