(通用版)2019版高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Earthquakes讲义 新人教版必修1.pdf

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1、Unit 4Unit 4EarthquakesEarthquakes一、单词表词汇全查验运用多媒体，提问默写词汇.阅读词汇(英译汉)第一屏听写1earthquaken地震2quaken.3welln.4crackn。vt。&vi。5smellyadj。6farmyardn.7pipen8millionn.9canaln.10steamn。11dirtn。12extremeadj。13survivorn。14brickn。15damn。16trackn17minen.18minern.19sheltern.20reportern.21barn。震动;地震井裂缝；噼啪声（使）开裂；破裂发臭的;有臭

2、味的农场；农家第二屏听写管；导管百万运河；水道蒸汽；水汽污垢;泥土极度的幸存者；生还者;残存物砖;砖块水坝；堰堤第三屏听写轨道；足迹;痕迹矿；矿山；矿井矿工掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处记者条;棒；条状物22outlinen.23headlinen。24cyclistn.。高频词汇(汉译英)要点;大纲;轮廓报刊的大字标题骑自行车的人第四屏听写1burstvi。爆裂；爆发n.2eventn.3nationn.4ruinn.vt.5。sufferingn6injurevt。7destroyvt.8uselessadj。9shockvt.vi。n.10rescuenvt。11trapvt。n。12electr

3、icityn。13disastern。14buryvt.15titlen.16damagenvt.17frightenvt。18frightenedadj.19frighteningadj。突然破裂；爆发事件；大事民族；国家；国民废墟；毁灭毁灭；使破产苦难;痛苦损害；伤害第五屏听写破坏；毁坏；消灭无用的；无效的；无益的(使）震惊；震动休克；打击；震惊援救；营救使陷入困境陷阱；困境电；电流；电学灾难;灾祸第六屏听写埋葬；掩埋；隐藏标题;头衔；资格损失;损害使惊吓；吓唬受惊的;受恐吓的令人恐惧的20congratulationn.21judgen.祝贺；(复数)贺词裁判员;法官断定；判断；判决第七

4、屏听写vt.22sincerelyadv。真诚地;真挚地23expressvt.表示；表达快车；速递立刻;马上仿佛；好像结束；终结严重受损；破败不堪掘出；发现n。24right_away25as_if26at_an_end27in_ruins28dig_out29a_（great）_number_of许多；大量的二、单元核心考点初热身提供语境，单元考点自测回顾（一）分类识记单词用时少功效高识记单词写.知其意(英译汉）1。earthquake.写其形（汉译英）1。eventn事件；大事2。ruinn。废墟；毁灭vt.毁灭；使破产3.trapvt.使陷入困境n地震2。sheltern。掩蔽；掩蔽处

5、；避身处3.outlinen。对要点；大纲；轮廓4。headlinen.报刊的大字标题n.陷阱；困境4。judgen裁判员；法官vt。断定;判断;判决5。sufferingn。苦难；痛苦6.electricityn.电；电流；电学7。disastern。灾难；灾祸8.titlen。标题；头衔；资格1.The earthquake was so big that most of the houses inthe small village were completely destroyed (破坏)2。After learning that the boys had been lost fora

6、lmost 20 hours， the police sent out a rescue （营救)team to look for them。核心单词练通3 。 With so many miners buried ( 掩 埋 ) under themine, none of the rescue workers would stop to have arest.4 。 A water pipeburst ( 爆 裂 ）and the entireapartment was flooded.5.Too much drinking will dodamage ( 伤害 ) to yourheal

7、th; you should take the doctors advice。6.It is useless (无用的) discussing the matter withhim。 He wont change his mind.记全记牢1.nationn民族；国家;国用准用活1.We were shocked at民nationaladj。民族的 ;国theshockingnewsthat家 的 ； 国 民 的 nationalityhediedsuddenlyn国籍2。shockvt。vi。(使)拓展单词用活yesterday。（shock）2.Britainisa震惊；震动n休克；打击

8、；震developed nation and its惊shockingadj.令人震惊的nationalshockedadj。感到震惊的flowerisrose。 Many people dreamhavingBritish3。injurevt.损害；伤害ofinjuryn 伤 害 ； 损 害nationality。(nation）injuredadj.受伤的3 。 After seeing the4.expressvt。表示；表达frighteningfilm,then 快 车 ； 速 递 expressionfrightenedboywastoon表达;表情frightened to wa

9、lk home aloneinthedark.（frighten）4。Rescuers said the5。frightenvt。使惊吓；injured were taken to a吓 唬 frightenedadj。 受 惊hospitalnearby ，and的 ； 受 恐 吓 的 frighteningfortunatelytheinjuryadj.令人恐惧的wasnotserious,notthreatening。6 。 congratulationn 祝life贺;（复数）贺词（injure)congratulatevt。祝贺5 。 Theheadmasteraletterto7.

10、sincerelyadv。真诚地 ;wrote真 挚 地 sincereadj。 真 诚congratulate her on her的；真挚的good performance and theexciting congratulationsencouragedhergreatly.(congratulate)错误错误! !1。“真诚;诚实”家族sincere2.“adj.。ityn。荟萃electricity电；电流；电学popularity受欢迎；流行reality 现实similarity相似点security错误错误! !3.“。ing/。ed”结尾的形容词聚焦错误错误! !错误错误!

11、!错误错误! !错误错误! !adj.真诚的sincerelyadv。真诚地genuineadj。真诚的；真心的genuinelyadv。真诚地;诚实地hearty安全equality 平等majority大多数adj。亲切的；真诚的;热诚的honestadj.诚实的;正直的honestyn。诚实;正直；坦诚（二)语段串记短语不枯燥兴趣高先 写 对再 用 准An explosion broke out at1.right_awaymidnight 。A_great_number_of立刻;马上firefightersweresenttothe2 。 in_ruins严 重 受scenerigh

12、t_away.Thefire损；破败不堪第3。spreadsoquicklythatthea_buildinglayin_ruinsinno。Judging_from，manythe一组（ great)_number_of许time多；大量的4。situationpeoplejudging_fromwere_trapped_in the fire 。 Thefirefighters did all they couldto put out the fire and tried tocarry the trapped people out。从判断5.be_trapped_in陷入1。Myholi

13、daywasnearly第 think_little/nothing_ofat_an_end and I paid a visit to二组认为没什么了不起my cousin。When I came in, hereviewinghis2.at_an_end结束；终was_buried_in结lessons in his study. He got top3。dig_out掘出；发现4.be_proud_of以 marks in the final exam andhis parents were_proud_of him。However, he thought_nothing_ofwhat

14、he had achieved.而自豪5。be_buried_in埋头于积 得 多平时多输入，用时顺手出2.“埋头于；专心于”的多种表达1.“think副词of”短语荟萃think little of认为没什么了不起be buried inbe occupied withbeabsorbedinbethink highly of 重视；看得engaged in起think well of 重视think poorly of 轻视bedevotedtoconcentrate onapplyoneselftoputthink badly of认为不好ones heart intofix/focus

15、 ones attentionon（三)仿写用活句式-造佳句表达高背 原 句1 。 Itseemedas明 句 式as if 后 常学 仿 写保罗仿佛像一位超人勇敢地if the world was at接表语从句或方与狼作斗争。(2017浙江高考an end！式状语从句；若写作)Paulfoughtthewolf仿 佛 到 了 世 界 末表示非真实情况日！常用虚拟语气。bravely as ifhe_were_a_superman。2 。 Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandweremanyleftchildrenwithout她跑开了 ,留下她的母亲一leave

16、宾语个人在雨中。宾补“使Sheranawayandparents.成千上万个家庭遇难，许多孩子变成了孤儿.处于某状态”。left_her_mother_in_the_rain alone.最近的一项调查表明，在我们学校并非所有的学生都在课3 。 Allhopewasnot lost.all。 . 。notnot余时间进行体育锻炼。Arecentsurveyshowsthatall_the_students_in_our_school_dont_take_physical_exercise in their spare time.不是所有的希望都all .。.表示部破灭了.分否定。考点新组合No

17、t all the students in阅读微技能1。处的 determined 可用短语ourclassareinterestedinmade_up_theirlessons 。Somestudentsare attracted by the dream oftheir_minds 替换。2.处应填词的正确形式为 goingtothefirst 。 classuniversityandtheyhavedetermined toachieveit 。However,someareaddictedtocomputer games.As far as I canjudge ，theyll rui

18、n _(they) and regret it sooner orlater。I hope they will give upthebadhabitandconcentrate_themselves。3。处应填介词 on。_ their studies.1judgen裁判员；法官vt。断定；判断；判决（1)judge 。.from/by 。.。从来判断as far as I can judge(2)judging by/from多角练透单句语法填空As the old saying goes,“You cant judge a book by/from its cover.Judging （j

19、udge） from the number of cars, he thought there were not manypeople in the club yet.补全句子As_far_as_I_can_judge/As_far_as_Im_concerned,_itsdangeroustogiveadrunk man a lift at night。依我看来，在晚上搭载一个醉酒的人是危险的.名师指津 judging from/by 表示“从来看；根据来判断，用在句首时为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态的影响。2ruinnU毁灭；毁坏；崩溃 ;常用复数废墟；遗迹vt。毁灭；成为废墟;使破产

20、（1)lie/be in ruins成为废墟据我判断;我认为从来看；根据来判断be reduced to ruins（2)ruin oneself沦为废墟毁掉自己；自取灭亡毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途ruin ones health/fame/future多角练透单句语法填空In order to benefit from online shopping instead of being_ruined （ruin) byit, I suggest that each online shopper learn self 。control and make every minuteand every

21、 penny count。Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeandbeing_reduced（reduce) to ruins， the city took on a new look。补全句子No matter how famous a brand is， it can_be_in_ruins once it betrays thetrust of consumers。无论一个牌子多有名气,一旦辜负了消费者的信任它就有可能会毁灭.3部分否定All hope was not lost。不是所有的希望都破灭了。本句是表示部分否定的句型。 all

22、 。.。not 。. not all 。.。,意为“并非所有的都”.All_students_dont_obey/Not_all_students_obey the school rules，so as ateacher, I should be strict with them.并非所有的学生都遵守学校规章制度，因此作为一名老师,我应严格要求他们。(1)英语中的 all， both, every， everybody， everything， completely， always，whole, entirely 等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词 not 连用,无论 not 位置如何

23、,均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。（2)英语中的 no， none， never, nobody， nothing， neither, no one, nowhere，no more, no longer, no way 等表否定意义的词（组）与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定。Our English teacher is excellent, but she cant _help_everyone in the classin 50 minutes.我们的英语老师非常棒,但是她不可能在 50 分钟内帮助班里的每一位同学。Nothing in the world is difficult

24、 if one sets his mind to it。谚世上无难事，只怕有心人。考点新组合Onenight,everything阅读微技能began to shake， with the pipes_（ burst ） andtheelectricity cut off.Everywhere1. 处 应 填 词 的正 确 形 式 为Ilooked,nearlyeverythingbursting，此处为 with 复合结构._(destroy ） .Some2。处应填词的正确形式为peoplewereinjured;somewerewas_destroyed.buried in the ru

25、ins 。A great3。 处应填词的正确形式为number of trapped people waitedto_be_rescued。_(rescue) 。It seemedas if the whole world was at anend！4.burstvi。(burst， burst）爆裂;爆发n突然破裂；爆发（1)burst in/into(2)错误错误! ! burst with anger多角练透单句语法填空He burst in without knocking at the door， which made me very angry.He burst into the

26、room without knocking at the door,which made me veryangry.一句多译看到她的同学因为她的愚蠢错误哄堂大笑，她突然哭了起来。Seeing her classmates burst_out_laughing because of her foolish闯入；突然破门而入突然哭起来/笑起来勃然大怒 mistakes, she burst_out_crying. (burst out)Seeing her classmatesburst_into_laughter because of her foolish mistakes,she burst

27、_into_tears. （burst into）名师指津短语 burst in 中的 in 是副词，后面不接宾语；而 burst into 中的 into是介词,后面应接宾语.5injurevt.损害；伤害(1）injuredadj。the injured（2)injuryn。伤员伤;伤口;伤害伤害某人受伤的do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb。题点全练单句语法填空 Iwaswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadntbeenwearingone,Iwould_have_been_injured （injure）(2016天津高考单选)Dogs owne

28、rs should be responsible if their pets do an injury （injure) toother people or cause damage to their property.A terrible accident happened at the crossing and an ambulance rushed theinjured （injure） to the hospital。6buryvt.掩埋；埋葬；使专心;使沉浸；隐藏（1)错误错误! !埋头于；专心于(2)bury ones face in ones hands双手掩面多角练透单句语法填

29、空Buried (bury）in his study，he wasnt aware that all the others hadleft。Burying （bury） his face in his hands, he tried to control his weeping。一句多译专心于读报,他没注意到他的爸爸。Buried/Burying_himself_in_reading_his_newspaper,_hedidnttakenoticeofhis dad. （bury)Absorbed_in_his_newspaper,_he didnt take notice of his da

30、d. （absorb)Concentrating_on_reading_his_newspaper,_he didnt take notice of his dad.(concentrate)Devoted_to_his_newspaper,_he didnt take notice of his dad。 (devote）7a (great) number of 许多；大量的(1）错误错误! !（2）the number of(3）错误错误! !（4)错误错误! !错误错误! !多角练透单句语法填空A large number of books have_been_stolen （steal

31、) from the library so far。The number of books stolen from the library is （be) large。Withmoreandmoreforestscutdown ，largequantitiesofsoilare_being_washed （wash） away。单句写作一位普通工人向一所大学捐赠了大量的金钱，这引起了公众的关注.(2014广东高考写作）A great deal of money was_donated_to_a_university by an ordinary worker ，which aroused pu

32、blic attention.名师指津“large quantities/amounts ofn.作主语时谓语动词用复数 ,而“alarge quantity/amount ofn.”作主语时谓语动词用单数。8at an end 结束；终结（1)at the end of在尽头；在末端by the end ofin the end（2)错误错误! !使结束 come to an end完成;结束到结束时;到时候为止 (常与完成时态连用)最后；终于可数名词复数复数谓语可数名词复数单数谓语不可数名词多角练透同义句改写The meeting was at an end and he set down

33、 many key points.The_meeting_came_to_an_end_and_he_set_down_many_key_points.（come)We_brought_the_meeting_to_an_end_and_he_set_down_many_key_points。（bring)We_put_an_end_to_the_meeting_and_he_set_down_many_key_points/We_put_the_meeting_to_an_end_and_he_set_down_many_key_points.（put)单句改错You should add

34、your name in the end of the report.inat9as if 引导状语从句或表语从句It seemed as_if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！as if （as though)“似乎；好像”，在句中引导表语从句或方式状语从句。(1）如果所引导的从句表示的是真实的或极有可能发生的情况时，句子要用陈述语气。（2）当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气。（3)如果 as if 引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有 be 动词,可省略从句主语和 be 动词，这样 as if 后就只剩下名词、不定

35、式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。Hurry up！ It looks as if the train is_going_to_move。（陈述语气）快点！看起来火车要开了.The woman loves the children as if she were (be） their mother.（虚拟语气)这位女士爱这些孩子，好像她就是他们的妈妈一样。Tom raised his right hand as if to_say （say) something.汤姆举起右手好像要说什么。单元语基落实。单句语法填空1On arriving there, we expressed our con

36、gratulations （congratulate) to himon his success。2His house was_destroyed （destroy) in the earthquake last year and he had to build a new one.3He stood on the sidewalk with his hands buried (bury） in the pockets ofhis dark overcoat.4He went through a lot of sufferings (suffer） before new China was f

37、ounded.5 Dontforgettopraisethemsincerely_ （ sincere)whensomeonedoessomething good。6She walked here and there on the playground as if looking （look） forsomething。7Many high buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago butruins (ruin)。8 AsChinadevelopsfast,anumberofforeignersare_learning(l

38、earn)Chinese as a second language.9To our joy， the long hot summer was at last at an end。10What the newspaper reported did a great injury to her fame。单句改错1Judged from the letter, they are having a wonderful time。JudgedJudging2 Thelittlegirlwassofrighteningthatsheburstoutcrying.frighteningfrightened3

39、 Intheearthquake,abouttwomillionspeoplelosttheirhomesandthousands of houses fell into ruin。 millionsmillion4The earthquake did damage for the area where many houses fell down andmany people were trapped in ruins。 forto5Before you write an article for a newspaper, it is necessary to write aoutline fi

40、rst。第二个 aan6Do you think possible for so many people to sit in such a small room？think 后加 it7To our relief， up to now the injured in the crash has been carried to thenearby hospital。hashave8George is organized, easy.going， hard.working and intelligent. In aword, I cant think too high of him。highhigh

41、ly.根据提示词和相关要求补全句子1正如那句老话:活到老，学到老。（too 。 to 。)Just as an old saying goes: it is never too_late_to_learn.2噪音似乎是从楼下传过来的。（as if)It_seems_as_if the noise comes from downstairs.3我正在街上走着，突然听到有人叫我的名字.（be doing 。. when）I was_walking_along_the_street_when I heard my name called. 4。他的房子着火了，因为他让厨房炉灶燃烧着就出去了。(lea

42、ve 复合结构）His house caught fire， because he went out but left_the_stove_burning in thekitchen。5我同意你所说的大部分内容，但是我并不是同意全部内容。(部分否定)I agree with most of what you said, but I dont_agree_with_everything.。一句多译/句型转换1由于他埋头读书，所以不知道外面在下雨.Because he buried_himself_in/was_buried_in his books，he didnt know itwas rai

43、ning outside.Burying_himself_in_his_books,_he didnt know it was raining outside. （使用现在分词作状语)Buried_in_his_books，_he didnt know it was raining outside.(使用过去分词作状语）2听到这，全班同学大笑起来，我同桌的脸变红了.When_they_heard_this,_thewholeclassburst_into_laughterandmydeskmates face turned red.(时间状语从句；burst into)Hearing_this

44、，_the whole class burst_out_laughing and my deskmates faceturned red.（分词作状语；burst out)3Every boy is not interested in sports。(变为同义句)Not_every_boy is interested in sports。4Not all of them were allowed to go there。(变为全部否定）None_of_them were allowed to go there.5The old man was lying on the ground as if

45、 he was hurt badly.The old man was lying on the ground as if hurt_badly.高考拆组训练练（一)语言知识运用组块专练-练准度(限时：25 分钟)。完形填空A year ago, when my siblings （兄弟姐妹） and I left home ， my parents movedto the other side of the country. They had built a beautiful house and they lovetheir new, pleasant _1_. My dad still w

46、orks, but Mum _2_ early last year andis now _3_ andbecomingincreasinglyunhappyand_4_. She has triedjoining clubs, _5_ people and integrating (融入群体) into her new community butwithout any luck.She still knows no one despite her best _6_. The area they have moved tois closed and _7_ to strangers。 She i

47、s many miles from her old friends andfamily， _8_ all day, every day with only pets for company. She is veryintelligent, artistic ，loyal and funny a truly amazing person 。She hasalways had lovely friends and been_9_ and busy. It is breaking my heart towatch her _10_ loneliness and so many knock.backs

48、 (挫折）Recently， when I chat to her, I have noticed her low _11_ she jokesthat she feels as if she is _12_ a bit of craziness from the quiet and _13_.After many years of working and _14_ a family， she should be finally free toenjoy herself。 _15_， my siblings and I do not live nearby so we cannot visit

49、her frequently we all keep in contact withherbyphone 。Mydaddoesnt understand her _16_ as he is out at work all day。 He is busy with hisjobandcannotunderstandhowshecanbesounhappywhenlivinginsuchabeautiful place and without the pressure of work。 He is at a loss how he can_17_ things and feels guilty a

50、nd _18_ for how she feels. It has got so badthat they are _19_ moving again to a different area. However ， I am in favor ofthat。Friendship and _20_ are far more important than a fancy house.语篇解读:母亲退休后，搬了新家，尽管房子很漂亮，但在新的地方，习惯了忙碌的母亲却感到不快乐和孤独，作者由此得出：在人生中，友谊和快乐远比昂贵奢华的房子重要。1A.sceneryBsurroundingsCatmosphe