农村三至五年级寄宿生心理健康现状及教育对策-刘海慧.pdf
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1、密 级: 学校代码:10075 分类号: 学 号:1304511611 教育硕士学位论文 _ _ 学位申请人: 刘海慧 指 导 教 师: 齐 冰 教授 高慧娟 学 位 类 别: 教育硕士 学 科 专 业: 心理健康教育 授 予 单 位: 河北大学 答 辩 日 期: 二一五年十二月 _ Classified Index: CODE: 10075 U.D.C: NO: 1304511611 A Dissertation for the Degree of M. Education The mental health present situation of rural boarding stude
2、nts from Grade 3 to Grade 5 and education countermeasures Candidate: Liu Haihui Supervisor: Prof. Qi Bing Gao Huijuan Academic Degree Applied for: Master of Education Specialty: Mental Health Education University: Hebei University Date of Oral Examination: Dec. 2015 _摘 要 I 摘 要 现代教育的根本目的之一,是使学生具有健康的心
3、理和健全的人格。寄宿制学校小 学生作为一个特殊的学生群体,他们的心理健康状况更为严峻。由于年龄尚小,在认知、 情绪等方面仍离不开需要家长的精心关照;然而此时却被要求在一段时间内离开父母, 入住学生宿舍开始集体生活,这种生活环境的巨大转变本身就需要一个较长的适应过 程。在寄宿制学校内,尽管有老师和同学的关心和陪伴,但与父母的见面机会大大减少, 仍会造成小学生心理上缺乏安全感,同时还要面临一定的学习压力。环境上的不适应和 情感需要的缺乏必会引起一些外在行为的反应,如人际关系不好,抗挫折能力差、产生 诸多问题行为等等。这些潜在的心理健康问题严重影响着寄宿制学校学生的身心发展。 本研究采用小学生心理健
4、康评定量表,以紫荆关中心小学这所农村寄宿制小学 为例,通过对三至五年级寄宿生进行问卷调查,并与相关领导和教师进行访谈,用科学 详实的数据分析紫荆关中心小学三至五年级寄宿生的心理健康状况,然后在此基础上, 结合有关心理学理论,再提出适合的教育对策对农村小学住宿生的心理状况进行改善。 本论文主要包括六个部分:第一部分,对选题的提出、背景、意义和研究方法做了 说明。第二部分就相关概念、国内外相关研究农村寄宿生活对农村三至五年级寄宿生的 影响做了简要分析。第三部分是对农村三至五年级寄宿生的心理健康状况的调查。第四 部分对其心理健康状况的表现及原因分别进行分析。第五部分针对这些表现及原因提出 相应的教育
5、对策,帮助改善这些学生的心理健康状况。第六部分为结论。 关键词 农村三至五年级寄宿生 心理健康 现状 教育对策 _Abstract II Abstract Providing students for healthy psychologies and sound personalities is one of the fundamental purposes of the modern education. As a special group, the mental health status of the students in boarding school is likely to m
6、ore serious. Schoolchildren still need constant attentions from their parents as they are too young to take care of themselves well. However, they were asking to be away from home and live in the dormitories for a certain period time. The great transformation of living environment requires a certain
7、 adaptation process. Although with consideration and companion from teachers and classmates, certain students would still feel insecure because of lacking contacts with their own parents. Meanwhile, they have to deal with some study pressure. It is certain that the lack of adaptation to the living e
8、nvironment and inner emotional needs will arouse some external behavior response, such as poor relationships with classmates, weak ability of anti-frustration, more problem behaviors, etc. All the above potential mental health problems would seriously affect the physical and psychological developmen
9、t of the boarding school students. Based on “The Rating Scale of Pupils Mental Health”, this study takes one rural boarding primary school named as “Zi Jingguan Central Primary School” for example. Data were collected from the results of the questionnaire survey (participated by the students of Grad
10、e 3 to Grade 5) and the interview with relevant school leaders and teachers. Scientific and accurate analyses were conducted to represent the mental health of the boarding students in Zi Jingguan Central Primary School. Referring to the relevant psychological theories, the author put forward a serie
11、s of suitable education countermeasures aiming to improve the mental health of the rural boarding school students. This paper mainly includes six parts. The first chapter is to introduce the background, significance. The research method is also presented in this chapter. The second chapters to intro
12、duce concept of this research and literature review. It also makes a brief analysis of the influences of rural boarding school life to mental health status of the rural boarding students from Grade 3 to Grade 5. The third chapter is about the survey of the mental health status of _Abstract III rural
13、 boarding students of Grade 3 to 5. These performances and their causes of their mental health status are presented in Chapter four. According to the above study, several relevant education countermeasures are put forward during the last part to improve the mental health status of rural boarding stu
14、dents. The sixth chapter is conclusion. Keywords rural boarding students from Grade 3 to Grade 5 mental health present situation education countermeasures _目 录 IV 目 录 第 1章 绪论1 1.1 问题提出1 1.2 研究背景1 1.3 研究意义2 1.3.1 理论意义 2 1.3.2 实践意义 2 1.4 研究方法3 第 2章 文献综述4 2.1 核心概念界定 4 2.1.1 寄宿制学校的概念 4 2.1.2 三至五年级寄宿生的概念
15、4 2.1.3 小学生心理健康的界定4 2.1.4 小学生心理健康教育的涵义4 2.2 国内外关于寄宿生心理健康的研究5 2.2.1 国外研究现状 5 2.2.2 国内研究现状 5 2.3 寄宿制生活对农村三至五年级寄宿生的影响研究 7 2.3.1 有利影响 7 2.3.2 不利影响 8 第 3章 农村三至五年级寄宿生心理健康现状调查 10 3.1 研究目的10 3.2 研究过程10 3.2.1 研究学校的现状及研究对象的具体情况 10 3.2.2 测量工具 10 3.2.3 调查过程 11 3.2.4 数据处理与分析 11 _目 录 V 3.3 研究结果分析 11 3.3.1 农村低龄寄宿小
16、学生心理健康状况的性别差异比较11 3.3.2 农村低龄寄宿小学生心理健康状况的年级差异比较12 3.4 访谈设计与分析 13 3.4.1 访谈的目的与提纲 13 3.4.2 访谈时间与对象 14 3.4.3 访谈结果的整理与分析14 第 4章 农村三至五年级寄宿生心理健康问题的表现及原因分析16 4.1 学习障碍16 4.2 性格缺陷17 4.3 行为障碍17 4.4 情绪障碍18 4.5 不良习惯18 4.6 社会适应困难 18 4.7 品德缺陷19 4.8 特种障碍19 第 5章 教育对策21 5.1 教育者要转变观念,增强对心理健康教育的认识,建设素质过硬的专业队伍21 5.2 学校加
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