专题8　动词分类及动词短语（共87张PPT）.ppt

《专题8　动词分类及动词短语（共87张PPT）.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《专题8　动词分类及动词短语（共87张PPT）.ppt（87页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、专题专题8动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语考点直击考点直击 1 1助动词助动词协助主要动词构成谓语动词的词叫助动词。助动词是语法功能词，自身没有词协助主要动词构成谓语动词的词叫助动词。助动词是语法功能词，自身没有词义，不可单独使用。义，不可单独使用。1 1帮助构成疑问句或否定句句式的助动词有帮助构成疑问句或否定句句式的助动词有do, does, did do, does, did 及其否定形式。如：及其否定形式。如：Did you go home last week? Did you go home last week? 上周你回家了吗？

2、上周你回家了吗？专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语2 2帮助构成时态的助动词有帮助构成时态的助动词有be, have, shall, willbe, have, shall, will等。如：等。如：We are playing an interesting game. We are playing an interesting game. 我们正在玩一个有趣的游戏。我们正在玩一个有趣的游戏。专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语2 2系动词系动词系动词亦称连系动词。系动词本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后系动词亦称连系动词。系动词本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语

3、，后边必须跟表语，构成系表结构。具体分类及用法如下：边必须跟表语，构成系表结构。具体分类及用法如下：1 1状态系动词：状态系动词： 只有只有bebe动词。如：动词。如：They are always very happy. They are always very happy. 他们总是很高兴。他们总是很高兴。2 2持续系动词：持续系动词： 表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, keep, remain, stay, rest, lie, standremain, stay, rest, lie, stand。如：。如：I hope you

4、ll keep fit. I hope youll keep fit. 我希望你能保持健康。我希望你能保持健康。专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语3 3表象系动词：表象系动词： 表示表示“看起来好像看起来好像”，主要有，主要有seem, appear, lookseem, appear, look等。如：等。如：My mother seems very satisfied with my progress. My mother seems very satisfied with my progress. 我妈妈对我的进步似乎很满我妈妈对我的进步似乎很满意。意。4 4感官系动词

5、：感官系动词： 表示表示“起来起来”，主要有，主要有feel(feel(摸起来，感觉起来摸起来，感觉起来), smell(), smell(闻闻起来起来), sound(), sound(听起来听起来), taste(), taste(尝起来，吃起来尝起来，吃起来) )等。如：等。如：The dish smells delicious. The dish smells delicious. 这道菜闻起来很香。这道菜闻起来很香。专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语5 5变化系动词：变化系动词： 表示主语变成什么样，主要有表示主语变成什么样，主要有become, become, g

6、row, turn, fall, get, go, come, rungrow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run等。如：等。如：The small town is becoming busier and busier. The small town is becoming busier and busier. 小镇变得越来越繁忙。小镇变得越来越繁忙。6 6终止系动词：终止系动词： 主要有主要有prove, turn out(prove, turn out(结果是，证明是结果是，证明是) )等。如：等。如：My plan turned out a success.M

7、y plan turned out a success.我的计划成功了。我的计划成功了。 提醒提醒 有些系动词也是实义动词，可单独作谓语。如：有些系动词也是实义动词，可单独作谓语。如：He fell ill yesterday. He fell ill yesterday. 他昨天病了。他昨天病了。专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语3 3情态动词情态动词情态动词表示说话人的语气、看法，无人称和数的变化。情态动词有自己的词情态动词表示说话人的语气、看法，无人称和数的变化。情态动词有自己的词汇意思，但不能独立作谓语，后须跟动词原形。使用频率较高的情态动词有汇意思，但不能独立作谓语

8、，后须跟动词原形。使用频率较高的情态动词有can(could), may(might), must, need, shall(should), will(would)can(could), may(might), must, need, shall(should), will(would)及半情态动及半情态动词词have to, had betterhave to, had better。专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语1 1cancan和和could could (1)can(could)(1)can(could)表示说话人能、可以、同意、准许，以及客观条件允许做某事。表

9、示说话人能、可以、同意、准许，以及客观条件允许做某事。couldcould为为cancan的过去式。表示请求时，的过去式。表示请求时，couldcould比比cancan更委婉。如：更委婉。如：Could I borrow your pen? Could I borrow your pen? 我可以借你的钢笔吗？我可以借你的钢笔吗？专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语(2)can (2)can 意为意为“能，会能，会”时，相当于时，相当于be able to (be able to (适用于各种时态适用于各种时态) )，但，但cancan只有现在只有现在时和过去时两种时态变化。

10、如：时和过去时两种时态变化。如：A few months later, Ill be able to swim alone. A few months later, Ill be able to swim alone. 几个月后，我将能单独游泳。几个月后，我将能单独游泳。(3)cant(3)cant表示否定推测。如：表示否定推测。如：That cant be Mr Wang. He has gone to Beijing. That cant be Mr Wang. He has gone to Beijing. 那不可能是王老师。他已经去北京了。那不可能是王老师。他已经去北京了。专题专题8

11、8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语2 2maymay和和mightmightmaymay和和mightmight意为意为“可以可以”，表示说话人同意、许可或请求对方许可。，表示说话人同意、许可或请求对方许可。 maymay也可表示也可表示祝愿。祝愿。might might 是是may may 的过去式，表示可能性更小、语气更加委婉。如：的过去式，表示可能性更小、语气更加委婉。如：May I take some photos here? May I take some photos here? 我可以在这儿拍些照片吗？我可以在这儿拍些照片吗？May you be happy. May yo

12、u be happy. 祝你开心。祝你开心。专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语3 3mustmust和和have to have to (1)must (1)must 意为意为“必须，应该，一定，准是必须，应该，一定，准是”，表示说话人认为有必要做某事，或命，表示说话人认为有必要做某事，或命令、要求别人做某事以及对事物的肯定推测。如：令、要求别人做某事以及对事物的肯定推测。如：He must be working in his office. He must be working in his office. 他一定正在他的办公室里工作呢。他一定正在他的办公室里工作呢。专题专

13、题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语(2)must (2)must 和和 have to have to 的区别：的区别： must must 表示说话人的主观意愿；表示说话人的主观意愿；have to have to 表示客观需表示客观需要。如：要。如：I must do my homework first. I must do my homework first. 我必须先做家庭作业。我必须先做家庭作业。It is raining hard outside. I have to stay at home. It is raining hard outside. I have to

14、 stay at home. 外面雨下得正大。我不得不待在家里。外面雨下得正大。我不得不待在家里。专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语4 4needneed的用法的用法need need 表示表示“需要，必须需要，必须”。它主要用于否定句和疑问句，否定形式为。它主要用于否定句和疑问句，否定形式为needntneednt，表，表示示“没有必要，不必没有必要，不必”；回答；回答needneed引导的问句时，肯定回答用引导的问句时，肯定回答用mustmust，否定回答用，否定回答用 needntneednt。此外，。此外，needneed还可以作实义动词使用。如：还可以作实义动词使用

15、。如：Need we do some cleaning now?Need we do some cleaning now?No, you neednt.No, you neednt.“我们需要现在大扫除吗？我们需要现在大扫除吗？”“”“不，你们不必。不，你们不必。”I need to see the doctor now. I need to see the doctor now. 我现在需要看医生。我现在需要看医生。专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语5 5shall shall 和和willwillshallshall用于第一人称的句子表示提建议或请求；用于第一人称的句子表

16、示提建议或请求；willwill用于第二人称疑问句表示征求意用于第二人称疑问句表示征求意见或提建议。如：见或提建议。如：Shall we go out for a walk? Shall we go out for a walk? 我们出去散步好吗？我们出去散步好吗？ Will you go shopping with us? Will you go shopping with us? 你会和我们一起去购物吗？你会和我们一起去购物吗？专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语6 6shouldshould和和wouldwouldshouldshould可用于各种人称的句子，强调义务或

17、责任；可用于各种人称的句子，强调义务或责任；wouldwould是是willwill的过去式，后跟动词的过去式，后跟动词原形构成过去将来时，可用于多种人称，表示意愿。如：原形构成过去将来时，可用于多种人称，表示意愿。如：You should study harder. You should study harder. 你应该更加努力学习。你应该更加努力学习。He said he would visit the Great Wall the next year. He said he would visit the Great Wall the next year. 他说他第二年将游览长他说他第

18、二年将游览长城。城。专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语7 7had better had better had betterhad better意为意为“最好最好”，没有人称的变化，后接不带，没有人称的变化，后接不带toto的不定式。如：的不定式。如：You had better exercise more. You had better exercise more. 你最好多锻炼。你最好多锻炼。专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语4 4动词短语动词短语动词与介词、副词等构成的固定短语叫动词短语。动词短语主动词与介词、副词等构成的固定短语叫动词短语。动词短语主

19、要有四类：要有四类：1 1动词副词：动词副词： 常见的有常见的有give up, think over, take off, give up, think over, take off, write down, put offwrite down, put off等。这些词组的宾语是名词时，既可放在副词等。这些词组的宾语是名词时，既可放在副词前边，又可放在副词后边；宾语是人称代词或反身代词时，则要放在前边，又可放在副词后边；宾语是人称代词或反身代词时，则要放在动词和副词中间。如：动词和副词中间。如：They have decided to put off the meeting.They ha

20、ve decided to put off the meeting.They have decided to put the meeting off. They have decided to put the meeting off. 他们已经决定推迟会议了。他们已经决定推迟会议了。Smoking is bad for your health. You must give it up. Smoking is bad for your health. You must give it up. 吸吸烟对你的健康有害。你必须戒掉它。烟对你的健康有害。你必须戒掉它。专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动

21、词分类和动词短语2 2动词介词：动词介词： 常见的有常见的有ask for, care about, look for, look after, send ask for, care about, look for, look after, send for, laugh at, hear of(from)for, laugh at, hear of(from)等。如：等。如：We shouldnt laugh at others. We shouldnt laugh at others. 我们不应该嘲笑别人。我们不应该嘲笑别人。专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语3 3动词副

22、词介词：动词副词介词： 常见的有常见的有look down upon, get on with, catch up withlook down upon, get on with, catch up with等。如：等。如：If you study hard, youll catch up with your classmates.If you study hard, youll catch up with your classmates.如果你努力学习，你将会赶上你的同班同学。如果你努力学习，你将会赶上你的同班同学。4 4动词名词介词：动词名词介词： 常见的有常见的有take care of

23、, make use of, pay attention to, take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of make fun of 等。如：等。如：Please pay more attention to details. Please pay more attention to details. 请多注意细节。请多注意细节。专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语考点过关考点过关基础过关基础过关( ()1.The cloth_ very soft and comfortable.)1.The cloth_ v

24、ery soft and comfortable.A. smellsA. smellsB. tastesB. tastesC. feels D. soundsC. feels D. soundsC ( ()2. Some of my friends eat with their eyes. They prefer to order )2. Some of my friends eat with their eyes. They prefer to order whatwhat_ nice._ nice.A. feels B. smells A. feels B. smells C Clooks

25、 D. tasteslooks D. tastes专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语C ( ()3.Dick, _ I use your edictionary?)3.Dick, _ I use your edictionary?Sure. _ you give it to Mike after you use it?Sure. _ you give it to Mike after you use it?A. will; Would B. may; Might A. will; Would B. may; Might C. can; Could D. shall; Shou

26、ldC. can; Could D. shall; Should专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语C 专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语( ()4. I think her dress comes from the 1970s.)4. I think her dress comes from the 1970s.It_ be from that time. It looks so modern on her.It_ be from that time. It looks so modern on her.A. mustnt BA. mustnt Bcant

27、cant C Cwont Dwont DwouldntwouldntB 专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语( ()5. Must I do my homework now, Mum?)5. Must I do my homework now, Mum? _. You can do it tomorrow. _. You can do it tomorrow.A. No, you needntA. No, you needntB. No, you mustntB. No, you mustntC. Yes, you needC. Yes, you needD. Yes, you

28、 mustD. Yes, you mustA 专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语( ()6. Rock music may_ nice to young people, but most old people )6. Rock music may_ nice to young people, but most old people cant stand it. cant stand it. A. hear B. soundA. hear B. soundC. look D. listenC. look D. listenB ( ()7. Dont forget to take

29、 your bag when you_ the bus.)7. Dont forget to take your bag when you_ the bus.A. get off B. take offA. get off B. take offC. turn off D. put offC. turn off D. put off专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语A get offget off意为意为“下下( (车车)”)”；take offtake off意为意为“脱下；起飞脱下；起飞”；turn offturn off意意为为“关上关上”；put offput off

30、意为意为“推迟推迟”。句意：当你下车时不要忘记带上。句意：当你下车时不要忘记带上你的包。故选你的包。故选A A。 ( ()8. Her sister_ a taxi driver. Now she works for a )8. Her sister_ a taxi driver. Now she works for a charity.charity.A. is used to be A. is used to be B. were used to being B. were used to being C Cis used to being is used to being D Dused

31、 to beused to be专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语D 专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语( ()9. What do you think of my shirt? It_ cotton. )9. What do you think of my shirt? It_ cotton. It looks nice on you.It looks nice on you.A. is made in B. is made forA. is made in B. is made forC. is made of DC. is made of Dis ma

32、de byis made byC ( ()10. Allen, your bedroom is in a mess.)10. Allen, your bedroom is in a mess.Sorry, Mum. Ill _ my things at once.Sorry, Mum. Ill _ my things at once.A. put on B. put awayA. put on B. put awayC. put out D. put upC. put out D. put upB put onput on意为意为“穿上穿上”；put awayput away意为意为“收起来收

33、起来”；put output out意为意为“熄熄灭灭”；put upput up意为意为“张贴，搭建张贴，搭建”。由句意知选。由句意知选B B。专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语( ()1)1.2014.2014河南河南 Choosing the right circle of friends will _ Choosing the right circle of friends will _ us a lot of troubles, heartaches and possibly a life of deep regret.us a lot of troubles, h

34、eartaches and possibly a life of deep regret.A Asave Bsave BshareshareC Ckeep Dkeep Dbringbring中考透视中考透视A考查动词词义的辨析。句意：选择正确的朋友圈将会给我们避免考查动词词义的辨析。句意：选择正确的朋友圈将会给我们避免许多烦恼，悲伤以及生活中可能的深深的遗憾。许多烦恼，悲伤以及生活中可能的深深的遗憾。savesave意为意为“节省，节省，保存，挽救，避免保存，挽救，避免”；shareshare意为意为“分享分享”；keepkeep意为意为“保持保持”；bringbring意为意为“带来带来”。

35、此句中应用。此句中应用savesave。 专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语( ()2)2.2014.2014绵阳绵阳 May I have a look at your plan for the robot May I have a look at your plan for the robot competition, Smith?competition, Smith? Sorry, Mrs Brown. Ive _ it at home. Sorry, Mrs Brown. Ive _ it at home.A Amissed Bmissed Bforgotten Cf

36、orgotten Cleft Dleft DlostlostC考查动词固定搭配。句意：考查动词固定搭配。句意：“史密斯，我能看看你的机器人竞赛史密斯，我能看看你的机器人竞赛计划吗？计划吗？”“”“很抱歉，布朗老师。我把它落在家里了。很抱歉，布朗老师。我把它落在家里了。”“”“leave sth地点地点”表示表示“把某物落在某地把某物落在某地”，为固定结构，故选，为固定结构，故选C。 专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语( ()3)3.2014.2014荆州荆州 Do you like swimming in winter? Do you like swimming in win

37、ter?Of course. The water _ a bit cold at first, but then I am warm Of course. The water _ a bit cold at first, but then I am warm and full of energy.and full of energy.A Afeels Bfeels BtastestastesC Csmells Dsmells DlookslooksA考查系动词。句意：考查系动词。句意：“你喜欢冬泳吗？你喜欢冬泳吗？”“”“当然喜欢了。水一开当然喜欢了。水一开始感觉有点凉，但很快我就感觉暖和起来

38、，并且充满力量。始感觉有点凉，但很快我就感觉暖和起来，并且充满力量。”表表达达“感觉起来感觉起来”应使用应使用feel。专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语( ()4)4.2014.2014鄂州鄂州 I hope there _ less pressure on us today. I hope there _ less pressure on us today.If so, we _ enjoy a more pleasant life.If so, we _ enjoy a more pleasant life.A Ais; can is; can B Bwill be;

39、can will be; can C Cwill be; should will be; should D Dis; shouldis; shouldB专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语( ()5)5.2014.2014内江内江 Oh, you are so clever! You have _ a solution Oh, you are so clever! You have _ a solution to the difficult problem!to the difficult problem!A Agone on with Bgone on with Bmade

40、upmade upC Ccome up with Dcome up with Dgiven outgiven outC考查短语辨析。句意：哦，你太聪明了！你已经想出了解决这个考查短语辨析。句意：哦，你太聪明了！你已经想出了解决这个难题的办法！难题的办法！go on with意为意为“继续继续”；make up意为意为“组成组成”；come up with意为意为“想出想出”；give out意为意为“分发分发”。故选。故选C。专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语( ()6)6.2014.2014随州随州 Jim, you look sleepy. Whats wrong? Ji

41、m, you look sleepy. Whats wrong?I_ to write a report last night.I_ to write a report last night.A Alooked up Blooked up Bended upended upC Cstayed up Dstayed up Dtook uptook upC考查动词短语。句意：考查动词短语。句意：“吉姆，你看起来昏昏沉沉的。怎么吉姆，你看起来昏昏沉沉的。怎么啦？啦？”“”“昨晚我熬夜写了一份报告。昨晚我熬夜写了一份报告。”look up意为意为“查询查询”；end up意为意为“以以结束结束”；st

42、ay up意为意为“熬夜熬夜”；take up意为意为“从事从事”。故选。故选C。专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语( ()7)7.2014.2014黄石黄石 About 50 family members of the Chinese passengers on About 50 family members of the Chinese passengers on Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370 _ answers at the meeting.Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370 _ answers at the m

43、eeting.A Acall for Bcall for Bcall up call up C Ccall on Dcall on Dcall incall inA考查动词词组。句意：马航考查动词词组。句意：马航370航班上大约航班上大约50名乘客的家属在会名乘客的家属在会上要求给予答复。上要求给予答复。call for意为意为“要求，需要要求，需要”；call up意为意为“打打电话，召集电话，召集”；call on意为意为“拜访拜访”；call in意为意为“叫进，请进叫进，请进”。根据句意可知选根据句意可知选A。专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语( ()8)8.2014

44、.2014荆州荆州 How was the concert last night? How was the concert last night?It was so good. Though it _ nearly four hours, few people left It was so good. Though it _ nearly four hours, few people left early.early.A Acovered Bcovered Breached reached C Clasted Dlasted Dplayed played C考查动词辨析。句意：考查动词辨析。句

45、意：“昨天晚上的音乐会怎么样啊？昨天晚上的音乐会怎么样啊？”“”“太好了。太好了。尽管它持续了接近尽管它持续了接近4 4个小时，但几乎没有人提前离开。个小时，但几乎没有人提前离开。”covercover意为意为“覆盖覆盖”；reachreach意为意为“到达到达”；lastlast意为意为“持续持续”；playplay意为意为“演奏；演奏；打；踢打；踢”。根据答语句意可知，应使用。根据答语句意可知，应使用lastlast。语法专练语法专练专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语( ()1.The food here smells good, but what does it _ l

46、ike?)1.The food here smells good, but what does it _ like?A Ataste Btaste Btouch touch C Cseem Dseem DfeelfeelA专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语( ()2.Mum, when can I go out to play football?)2.Mum, when can I go out to play football?Finish your homework first, or I _let you go out. Finish your homework fir

47、st, or I _let you go out. A Adont Bdont Bdidnt didnt C Cwont Dwont DhaventhaventC专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语( ()3. The sense of happiness will increase if you _ what you )3. The sense of happiness will increase if you _ what you like to do. like to do. A Ado Bdo BdiddidC Cwill do Dwill do Dshould dos

48、hould doAif if 意为意为“如果如果”，引导条件状语从句，遵循，引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现主将从现”原则，即主句为将原则，即主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。因此选来时，从句用一般现在时。因此选A A。专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语( ()4.Spring is a beautiful season when all trees _ green.)4.Spring is a beautiful season when all trees _ green.A Aturn Bturn BsoundsoundC Cfeel Dfeel Dbecomebecome

49、A专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语( ()5.Its cold outside. Why not_your coat?)5.Its cold outside. Why not_your coat?A Aput on Bput on Btake offtake offC Clook for D. put off look for D. put off A专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语( ()6.The young man broke his arm in the accident and had to_his )6.The young man broke

50、 his arm in the accident and had to_his job.job.A Agive up Bgive up Bput upput upC Ccut up D. pick upcut up D. pick upA专题专题8 8 动词分类和动词短语动词分类和动词短语( ()7.What do you think about Hans?)7.What do you think about Hans?He is very difficult to_with, but certainly he has a warm heart He is very difficult to_