高中英语完形填空解题技巧课件.ppt

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1、高考英语完形填空命题特点1. 短文长度短文长度200词左右，生词少，难度适中。词左右，生词少，难度适中。2. 首句无空格，提供语境。首句无空格，提供语境。5-10词设一空，一般词设一空，一般人名、地名、日期、数字不在之列。隔词数人名、地名、日期、数字不在之列。隔词数越少，题目越难。越少，题目越难。3. 选项多为一词，偶会为词组。四选项为同一类选项多为一词，偶会为词组。四选项为同一类 词或属同一范畴，或近义或形异义，或与前词或属同一范畴，或近义或形异义，或与前 后配成词组。故干扰性、迷性大。后配成词组。故干扰性、迷性大。4.考查单词以实词考查单词以实词(v.,n.,adj.,adv,pron.)

2、为主，为主，虚词虚词(conj.,prep.)为辅。实词一般占为辅。实词一般占80%-90%，其中又以动、名、形为主。，其中又以动、名、形为主。5.以考查学生对文章的整体理解和词汇的以考查学生对文章的整体理解和词汇的意义把握为主。有些要结合常识才能正意义把握为主。有些要结合常识才能正确选项；有些甚至要求在通篇理解的基确选项；有些甚至要求在通篇理解的基础上，正确把握上下文的逻辑关系，才础上，正确把握上下文的逻辑关系，才能正确判断和选择。能正确判断和选择。完形填空解题步骤完形填空解题步骤通览通览-试填试填-复核复核 解题技巧解题技巧1. 行文逻辑行文逻辑:充分利用文章的上下文和前充分利用文章的上下

3、文和前后句，找出有提示作用的词或句。后句，找出有提示作用的词或句。2. 注意固定搭配注意固定搭配3. 注意词语辨析同义词或形近词注意词语辨析同义词或形近词4.根据动作的发出者确定所选的词根据动作的发出者确定所选的词5.根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项6. 根据生活常识及相关知识确定选项根据生活常识及相关知识确定选项7. 语法规则语法规则解题技巧解题技巧1 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有可能是同义择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有可能是同义词或反义词。词或反义词。 Many old people do

4、nt have good _. They cant watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio .A hearing B health C eyesight D time Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very, very_. A. deep B.high C. cold D. dangerous根据转折连词根据转折连词but的提示，所选的词的提示，所选的词应与应与shallow相反，因此选相反，因此选A I c

5、limbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase,my father following with two more.By the time I got to the third floor ,I was_ and at the same time feeling lonely.( NMET2000 第第26小小题）题） A helpless B lazy C anxious D tiredD Mrs ONeill asked_ questions, and she didnt scold us either. A. no B. certain

6、 C. many D. more A Mark_ down and helped the boy pick up these articles.(2003 北京北京 春春 50小题）小题） A.fell B. sat C.lay D. knelt and then both ended up from the same high school, just three weeks before_, Bill asked Mark if they could talk.(2003北京春季卷第北京春季卷第45小题）小题）A graduation B movement C separation D v

7、acationA When Ed first phoned and suggested we play, I laughed quietly, figuring on an victory. (全国卷全国卷) A.unforgettable B. unexpected C. easy D. early C2 注意固定搭配，包括动词与介词的注意固定搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。择正确的短语。The city(Washington) was named_George

8、 Washington, the first president of the United States. A. by B. for C. as D. after It was 4 oclock when the front doorbell rang. Mrs Clarke was _tea at the time.A. cooking B. making C.burning D. serving It suddenly_1_me that if we want to go on a picnic tomorrow we had better do some preparations th

9、is evening. a.hit on b.struck c.occurred d.drawnHeres a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himself_ so much money. A. for B. by C. to D. of , but they are _ damage to our houses and shops of historical interest, Said John Norris,one of the protesters.（NMET1999第第30题题)A doing B raising C pu

10、tting D producing 3 注意词语辨析注意词语辨析1）Soon I heard a _ like that of a door burst in , and then a climb of feet. A. sound B. cry C. voice D.shout2）It was a pleasant way of passing the time for an old woman who lived _. A.lonely B. alone C. away D. busily He used to have a_1_of coin-collection,but he has

11、given it up. a.custom b.habit c.hobby d.likeThe wounded soldier was unconscious but still_1_when taken to the hospital.a.living b.alive c.live d.livelyIts wonderful for the fact that the Chinese team won two unexpected gold_1_in Sydney,12 more than its previous best. a.metals b.medals c.models d.mod

12、als4.根据动作的发出者确定所选的词根据动作的发出者确定所选的词 And video cameras can be used to _peoples actions at home. A. keep B. make C. record D. watch When the papers were_ she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test. A. collected B. completed C. marked D. answeredJapan is an isl

13、and country and its_ go all over the Pacific looking for fish to _. A. fishing boats B. lifeboats C. planes D. trains A.buy B. catch C.hold D.weigh 只有只有fishing boats能够到太平洋捕能够到太平洋捕鱼，因此第一个空答案鱼，因此第一个空答案A为。捕鱼用为。捕鱼用动词动词catch，第二个空答案为，第二个空答案为B。At first nothing happened,_suddenly a large rat rushed out ofth

14、e A.and B. or C. so D.then 5 根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项It has been many years since I was last in London, _ I still remember something that happened during that visit. A. and B. for C. but D. as My main responsibility(职责）职责） were clearing tables and washing dishes,_sometimes I helped cook.（2003 北京

15、北京 第第40题）题） A. or B. so C. but D. even6 根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项项The space is left to let the railexpand（膨胀）（膨胀） when it gets _. A. wet B. cold C. hot D. dryBehind the dancer there was a woman_ a large diamond ring. A.carrying B. dressing C. wearing D. holding （Immediately,）the officers jumpe

16、d into their cars and rushed to the_ hospital. A.animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearest “Dont be afraid,” he said and started to swim towards the river bank, _ the boy with him. A. pushing B. dragging C. holding D. catching ,you _the international dateline.By agreement, this is the point where a new

17、day_. A. see B. cross C. are D. are stopped by_A.is coming B is discovered C.is invented D. beginsthe international dateline是是国际日期变国际日期变更线更线，是人们所规定的，看不见，摸不着，是人们所规定的，看不见，摸不着，但是可以越过。它是新的一天开始的地方。答但是可以越过。它是新的一天开始的地方。答案分别为案分别为B 和和D As my father,_worked three jobs,once told me, （2003 北京北京 54题）题） A.he B. t

18、hat C. who D.whoever 7 利用语法知识选出正确选项利用语法知识选出正确选项例题分析：（例题分析：（2010年全国卷年全国卷 一一 ） It was a busy morning, about 8:30, when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital. I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry for appointment （约会）（约会）at 9:30. The nurse had him take a 36 in the waitin

19、g area, 37him it would be at least 40 minutes 38 someone would be able to see him. I saw him 39 his watch and decided, since I was 40 busy-my patient didnt 41 at the appointed hour, I would examine his wound. While taking care of his wound, I asked him if he had another doctors appointment. 36. A. b

20、reath B. test C. seat D. break 37. A. persuading B. promising C. understanding D. telling38. A. if B. before C. since D. after39. A. taking off B. fixing C. looking at D. winding40. A. very B. also C. seldom D. not41. A. turn up B. show off C. come on D. go awayThe gentleman said no and told me that

21、 he 42 to go to the nursing home to eat breakfast with his 43 . He told me that she had been 44 for a while and that she had a special disease. I asked if she would be 45 if he was a bit late, he replied that she 46 knew who he was, that she had not been able to 47 him for five years now. I was 48 a

22、nd asked him, “And you 49 go every morning, even though she doesnt know who you are?”42. A. needed B. forgot C. agreed D. happened43. A. daughter B. wife C. mother D. sister44. A late B. well C. around D. there45. A. lonely B. worried C. doubtful D. hungry46. A. so far B. neither C. no longer D. alr

23、eady47. A. recognize B. answer C. believe D. expect48. A. moved B. disappointed C. surprised D .satisfied49. A. only B. then C. thus D. still51 He smiled and said.” She doesnt know me, but I know who she is” I had to hold back 50 as he left. Now I 51 that in marriages, true love is 52 of all that.Th

24、e happiest people dont 53 have the best of everything; they just 54 the best of everything they have. 55 isnt about how to live through the storm, but how to dance in the rain.50. A. curiosity B. tears C. words D. judgment51. A. realize B. suggest C. hope D. prove52. A. agreement B. expression C. acceptance D. exhibition53.A. necessarily B. completely C. naturally D. frequently54. A. learn B. make C. favor D. try55. A. Adventure B. Beauty C. Trust D .Life50-55 BACABD (苦中寻乐苦中寻乐)