当代研究生英语课后习题答案(上册、下册)总结好的,供期末考试用英语复习.docx

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1、当代研究生英语课后习题答案(上册、下册)总结好的,供期末考试用英语复习 当代探讨生英语课后习题答案(上册、下册)总结好的,供期末考试用英语复习1.TheBillhasincorporatedmanyofthesuggestionsputforwardbytheopposition.2.Newtechnologiesareneededtoinvigoratethecountryseconomy.3.Thesoldiersuppressedhisfearandwentonfighting.4.Thenoiseofcarspassingalongtheroadisacontinualdisturba

2、ncetoourquietlife.5.Thiscountryissufferingfromitseconomicstagnation.6.Theoldmancherishedthegirlasifshewerehisdaughter.7.Donotlosehope;rememberthemotto“Neversaydie”.8.Thetempleishighinthemountain,andisinaccessibletothepublicinwinter.9.Thechildshoweddefiancebyrefusingtoeat.10.Iamdefendingmycommunistid

3、eologymyideals,thecontentandsignificanceofmywholelife.11.Thecarrandownthehillunderitsownimpetus.12.Thereacanalwasbeingbuilttofacilitatecommercebetweenthesetwocities.13.Myfirstparachutejumpwasa(n)exhilaratingexperience.14.Ismyconvictionthatyoudidnottryhardenough.15.“Worldlywealthistransient;heavenlyw

4、ealthlastsforever.”saidthepriest.1.Inordertostrengthenhisarguments,Toffler()respectablesocialscientistswhoagreewithhim.A.quotesB.confirmsC.recitesD.convinces2.Hecouldscarcelyresisttakinganotherdrinkofthedeliciouswine,butrememberingthedoctorsadvice,he().ArefrainedBwithdrewCavoidedDretreated3.Whenpeop

5、lehavetheirbasicneedssatisfied,theybegintothinkofotherthingstofulfilltheirlife().AnecessitiesBrequirementsCappreciationsDexpectations4.Withinseconds,theexperiencedinstructor()thesituationanddecidedtoattemptrescue.AassumedBassuredCassessedDaffirmed5.Mostgoodwritersuseeverymeansattheir()tomakethereade

6、rswaysmoothandeasy.AwillBdisposalCrequestDconvenience6.Thenewapartmenthousebuiltafewmonthsagoislargeenoughto()overtwohundredpeople.AaccommodateBlocateCsettleDreside7.Ariver()throughthenarrowwoodedvalleybelow.ApoursBtwistsCexpendsDexpands8.TouseaChinesesaying,thisis“apunishmentwhichtheywell()”.Adeser

7、tBdeserveCreserveDpreserve9.Thecaptainoftheship()thepassengersthattherewasnodanger.AsecuredBensuredCassuredDguaranteed10.Thegrowthofcitiesandsuburbsthroughouttheregionhas()theresidentstobuildhouseswherevertheycouldfindopenland.AconvertedBappealedCjustifiedDencouragedUnit21.Thekitchenwassmalland()sot

8、hatthedisabledwomancouldreacheverythingwithoutdifficulty.AcompleteBcomplexCcompositeDcompact2.Hisauthorityand()makehimanexcellentteacher.Aself-consciousnessBself-confidenceCself-centerednessDself-regard3.Beingbothspoiltandlazyhe()everyoneelseforhislackofsuccess.AaccusedBchargedCcriticizedDblamed4.Wh

9、enIlearnedthatIhadpassedtheexam,Ifelt()andrelaxed.AcarelessBtrouble-freeCnegligentDcare-free5.Averylargecatwaswatchingusintentlyfromthetopofa()car.AcarelessBstationeryCmotionlessDstationary6.Thisisthe()pianoonwhichthecomposercreatedsomeofhisgreatestworks.AactualBrealCgenuineDcontemporary7.Yourusualt

10、eacherhaslosthisvoiceand()Iamtakinghisplacetoday.AneverthelessBhoweverCmoreoverDaccordingly8.A()womanisneededtotakecareoftwosmallchildren.AconfidentBreliableCtrustyDfaithful9.Ihavehada()ofmisfortunes.AcontinuationBrepetitionCcontinuityDsuccession10.Hehadan()habitofemptyingashtraysoutofhisupstairswin

11、dowontoourdoorstep.AobjectionableBafflictingCuneducatedDoffending11.Themusicarouseda(n)()feelingofhomesicknessinhim.AintenseBhopelessCintensiveDsad12.Thejury()himofhavingcommittedtherobberyandhewasthensentencedtofiveyearsimprisonment.AaccusedBchargedCconvictedDacquitted13.Thebookprovedtobeveryunreli

12、ableandsowasquite()tohiminhisresearch.AunimportantBdisusedCuselessDunusable14.Theplanwas()whenitwasdiscoveredjusthowmuchtheschemewouldcost.AresignedBabandonedCreleasedDredeemed15.Theblowattheendofroundthreeknockedthechampion().AinsensitiveBstupefiedCsenselessDnonsensicalUnit31.TheRomanempire()underp

13、ressurepressurefromuncivilizednortherntribes.AtrembledBcrumbledChurdledDsmashed2.thepoliceare()awaragainstcrimeinthecity.AcommittingBbreakingCundertakingDwaging3.thesignwasnolongerlegiblebecausemuchoftheletteringhad()。AworndownBwornonCwornawayDwornout4.they()whetheraninternationalloanwaspossible.Adi

14、ssolvedBdisputedCdissentedDdistorted5.heisalways()hisknowledgeinpublicAairingBpraisingCassumingDretorting6.flowersarebloominginscarletprofusiononthe()oftherice-fields.AspacesBclearingsCmarginsDvacuums7.theyoungsoldiershearingwas()aftertheexplosionAstrengthenedBtrappedCmanipulatedDimpaired8.blackdeat

15、hwas()inenglandinthesummerof1348withoutanywarningand,mostimportantly,withoutanycure.AcurrentBcirculatingCprevailingDuniversal9.thegoodnewsisthataspeopleinfectedwithHIVkeeptakingthetriple-drug(),theyhaveanexcellentchanceofsurvivingtheinfectionforalongtime.AantigenBcocktailCmicrobeDtherapy10.becauseit

16、haslongbeenknownthatHIVkillsCD4cellswhenitreplicatesinsidethem,manyresearchershavebeentooreadyto()thatthisisthereasontheyalldie.AdiscoverBassumeCretortDpronounceMeasuresomeunlesshoweverseparatewhenenvironmentallyhappenopportunitycapableindifferencedemonstrateupaveragewithbutfailisolateneverTherearet

17、wofactorswhichdetermineanindividualsintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainheisborn().Humanbrainsdifferconsiderably,()beingmorecapablethanothers.()nomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwith,anindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligence()hehasopportunitiestolearn.Sothesecondfactoriswhat()totheindividual-theso

18、rtofenvironmentinwhichheisbrought().Ifanindividualishandicapped(),itislikelythathisbrainwill()todevelopandhewill()attainthelevelofintelligenceofwhichheis().Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividualsintelligencecanbe()bythecasehistoryoftheidenticaltwins,PeteranJohn.Whenthetwinswerethreemont

19、hsold,theirparentsdied,andtheywereplacedin()fosterhomes.Peterwasrearedbyparentsoflowintelligenceinan()communitywithpooreducational().John,(),waseducatedinhomeofwell-to-doparentswhohadbeentocollege.Thisenvironmental()continueduntilthetwinswere()theirlateteens,()theyweregiventeststo()theirintelligence

20、.JohnsI.Q.was125,twenty-fivepointshigherthanthe()andfullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother.CreativitysostimulatecontrolonsubstancemindcarrychemicalstheylearningefficientaffectdiscoverinterestRecentstudiesofthehumanbrainhaveresultedinsomeinterestingdiscoveries.Scientistsbelievethatawaytoimprov

21、ethepowerofthebrainmaysoonbepossible.Scientistshave()thatthebraincanmakeitsowndrugs.Thebraincontainsaprotein()whichcanactdirectly()thebraintochangeaspectsofmentalactivity.Somemaychangeorimprove,forexample,(),intelligence,imagination,andgoodmemory.Chemicalsfoundinthebrain()messages.Inrecentyearsscien

22、tistshavefoundchemicalsthat()mood,memoryandotherhappeningsofthe().About25havebeenfound()far.Todaytheroleof()andproteinsubstanceinhumanbehaviouriscreatingmuch(),Researchseemstoshowthattheymayhelp()insomnia,pain,andmentalillness.Theyhaveagreatcapacityto()thebraintoconquerdeficiencies.()alsoimprovetheq

23、ualitiesofmemoryand()alreadyinthebrain.Theyholdthesecrettomoodandemotion.Somedaytheremaybeachemicalwaytocreateabetterandmore()brain.SampleimmunewhichwaysleadtonumbertakerebuildatallfurtherdrugthatarguedisruptcopewithtrapalongsidefindinglossprolongBymeasuringtheamountofHIVsgeneticmaterialinvariousrep

24、resentativetissuesamplesfrominfectedpeople,andextrapolatingfromthese(sample)totheentirebody,Haaseestimatesthatatmost1in2,500cells,maybefewer,isinfectedwithHIV.Thisisnowherenearenoughfordirectcellkillingtoaccountforthedepletionintheirnumbersthat(leadsto)AIDS.Haasesaysthathisownworknowshowsthatlargenu

25、mbersofCD4cellsarebecoming(trapped)inlymphtissue,andhebelievesthatHIValso(disrupts)theproductionofnewcells.Incommonwithanumberofotherresearchers,healsobelievesthatHIVmaycausethe(loss)ofuninfectedCD4cellsbytriggeringabnormallyhighlevelsofcellsuicide,orapoptosisaseparateprocessthathasbeenasubjectofres

26、earchthroughoutthe1990s.Takentogether,these(findings)clearlysuggestthatHIVkeepsthe(immune)systeminstateofconstantactivation,andunbalancesitinfour(ways):bytrappingmaturecells,bykillingasmallbutsignificant(number)ofcellsdirectly.Theircombinedimpactleavestheimmunesystemdepletedandunableto(copewith)oppo

27、rtunisticinfections.Howwillanyofthisaffecttreatments?Wouldbetterknowledgeofthewaysin(which)thevirusdisturbstheimmunesystemenableresearchersto(rebuild)it,broadeningthedepletedrepertoireofCD4cells?Roederer,atleast,thinksthatdrugsthatdirectlyaffecttheimmunesystemwillbeneeded.Othersgo(further).JayLevyat

28、theUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,worriesthat(prolonged)treatmentwithcocktailsofantiviral(drugs)mightevenfooltheimmunesystemand“putittorest”,bykeepinglevelsofHIVsolowinthebody(that)theyfailtotriggeranyimmuneresponses(atall).Thisnightmakeindividualswhostop(taking)thedurgsevenmorevulnerable.He(ar

29、gues)thatimmune-restoringtreatmentsshouldbegiven(alongside)antiviraldrugs.Already,someresearchersareworkingonnovelapproachessuchasdevelopinggeneticallyengineeredTcellstoreplacelostCD4cells.Unit4Transactionrefertothroughacrossfocusoncoveratalllevelsofnothinginthecaseofcomeintonecessarilymakecommunity

30、bepreparedtohaveaccesstoEconomic“globalization”isahistoricalprocess,theresultofhumaninnovationandtechnologicalprogress.Itreferstotheincreasingintegrationofeconomiesaroundtheworld,particularlythroughtradeandfinancialflows.Thetermsometimesalso()themovementofpeople(labor)andknowledge(technology)()inter

31、nationalborders.Therearealsobroadercultural,politicalandenvironmentaldimensionsofglobalizationthatarenot()here.Atitsmostbasic,thereis()mysteriousaboutglobalization.Theterm()commonusagesincethe1980s,reflectingtechnologicaladvancesthat()iteasierandquickertocompleteinternational()-bothtradeandfinancial

32、flows.Itreferstoanextensionbeyondnationalbordersofthesamemarketforcesthathaveoperatedforcenturies()humaneconomicactivity-villagemarkets,urbanindustries,orfinancialcenters.Marketspromoteefficiency()competitionandthedivisionoflaborthespecializationthatallowspeopleandeconomiesto()whattheydobest.Globalm

33、atketsoffergreateropportunityforpeopletotapintomoreandlargermarketsaroundtheworld.Itmeansthattheycan()morecapitalflows,technology,cheaperimports,andlargerexportmarkets.Butmarketsdonot()ensurethatthebenefitsofincreasedefficiencyaresharedbyall.Countriesmust()embracethepoliciesneeded,and()thepoorestcou

34、ntriesmayneedthesupportoftheinternational()astheydoso.在这些改变和转折中，我们对生活方式的看法要经验四个感知方面的微妙改变：第一，在内心中对自己和他人的看法；其次，在生活中的各种威逼面前所具有的平安感；第三是我们对时间的相识，是感到来日方长，还是起先感到时日无多？最终是对自己的精力和活力的直觉意识，是感到精力充足，还是感到力不从心？这些都是我们内心里产生的雾里看花的感觉，他们构成了我们生活的基调，影响着我们实行行动前的种种确定。人生这一阶段的任务是，在同龄人中、在性别角色中、在期望的职业中、以及在思想意识和世界观方面确立自己的位置。这样，我

35、们既有了离家独立的动力，也有了离家独立的心理打算。由于幻想的鼓舞和支持以及对自己的意志充溢信念，我们在二十岁时普遍认定自己所选择的道路是人生真正的事业所在。假如有人说我们很想自己的父母，说我们的言行举止是父母二十多年来教化和熏陶的结果，我们会很不兴奋。几年之后此病毒从刚果荒蛮浓密的丛林中爆发出来。一旦流传开来，它就随着反叛部队穿越大陆的各个战区；随着货车司机驶过各个妓院；最终，可能随着空中乘务员飞往美国，并在那里于20世纪80年头初被发觉。在津巴布韦的25个受监控的地区，怀孕的妇女接受了HIV病毒的检测。1997年只有两个地区显示其感染率在10%以下。这是因为在贫困国家很多人对正常的经济发展不

36、起作用。说得再残酷些，在一个拥有大量非技术劳力的国家里，死去的劳力很简单被取代。当一家之主染上了艾滋病，他或她的家庭损失就不是一个人的事了。以为不只是他的收入没有了，他的亲属还要花时间和金钱去照料他。泰国政府认为没有必要向肯尼亚那样由于胆怯吓走了旅游者而淡化HIV传播的严峻性。泰国人被反复告知HIV的危害性，以及如何避开它，最终由他们自己去做出选择。近四年来，病毒引起免疫系统灾难性崩溃从而导致艾滋病这一理论始终主宰着人类对HIV的探讨。但是这种理论的一样性现在正在动摇，部分缘由是由于免疫学家费兰克。米德马领导的一支荷兰小组对HIV的探讨工作。假如荷兰小组是正确的话，其影响将是深远的。感染HIV

37、的人将有望得到新方法的治疗。而一些话费几十亿美元的探讨项目中最具权威的理论就会被推翻。总体而言，世界贸易组织接受了有利与跨国商务活动的规则，拒绝了商务活动反对的规则。世界贸易组织的政策遭到了来自“民间社团”的代表，如工会、消费者主动分子、环境爱护主义者、土著民居、妇女团体等的反对。墨西哥在执行北美自由贸易协定不久，货币危机使国家陷入经济萧条，小业主们也走向街头反对“自由贸易”。不同意北部联盟有关劳动爱护条款的南半球的贫困国家也认为世界贸易组织并不为大多数人谋福利。扩展阅读：当代探讨生英语课后习题答案(上册、下册)总结好的,供期末考试用一、VocabularyA依据定义写单词Unit1Inthe

38、pastformerlyIncludeembraceman-madeartificialcontrolsystematicallyregulateexactlypreciselyundesiredunwantedirrelevantextraneoushavingintensefeelingpassionateaimtowardbetargetedtonotfarawayathandbechargedforbesendforUnit3ContainingmanydetailedpartsandthusdifficulttounderstandintricateNearlycorrectbutn

39、otexactlyapproximatelyAsuddenshakingoftheEarthssurfaceearthquakeHavingmanydifferentkindsofskillsorabilitiesversatileStandingapart,separateasistobealoneisolatedTheoppositeinposition;theotherwayaroundreverseInadditionto;alsoaswellasDependingoneachother;necessarytoeachotherinterdependentIncreaseinnumbe

40、rbygivingbirthtooffspringmultiplyEatsomethinginordertostayaliveorsubsistliveonDestroycompletelykilloffNotinitsexactoraccuratepositionoutoftrueProvidewithproperornecessaryskills,knowledgeetc.quality(not)inanyway(not)atallAsaresultfromanaturalimpulseortendencyspontaneouslyUnit5Learnanddiscover(afactth

41、atwashidden)findoutAgroupofpeoplelivingtogetherbysharedinterests,religion,munityChangeintosomethingofdifferentformorpropertiesconvertHaveaclearmeaningwakesenseAstateofverystrongfeeling,esp.ofjoyandhappinessecstasyTaketheplaceofreplacetosomeextent;somewhatmoreorlessatthelowestestimateorfigureatleastn

42、oteasilymanaged;hardtotreat,relieve,orcureintractableunderstand;figureoutthemeaningofmakeout下册：Unit31.Ageneralagreenmentconsensus2.Breakintosmallpiecescrumble3.Ofthegreatestimportancevital4.Mostcommonprevailing5.Becomegraduallyfewerorsmallerdwindle6.Callintoquestiondispute7.Apersonwhoarguesinfavorof

43、somethingproponent8.Anauthoritativeprincipleorbeliefdogma9.Largeinamountmassive10.Explaininterpret11.Suspicionhunch12.BaffleorconfusepuzzleUNIT51.Emerged2.Launch3.Gap4.declined5.Medium-sized6.procedures7.Crucial8diverse9.transaction10.regulating11.representatives12.depression13.implementation14.prov

44、isions二、选词填空下册：UNIT1UNIT2三、翻译UNIT11.Thepossibilityofarealmarket-styleevolutionofgovernanceisathand.一种真正的市场型管理模式很快成为可能。2.Incyberspace,wellabletotestandevolverulesgoverningwhatneedstobegoverned-intellectualproperty,contentandaccesscontrol,rulesaboutprivacyandfreespeech.在信息空间，我们将能够检验并完善所须要的管理制度-学问产权制度、

45、服务内容与运用权的限制制度、个人隐私权与自由言论制度等3.Somecommunitieswillallowanyonein;otherswillrestrictaccesstomemberswhoqualifyononebasisoranother.有些群体允许任何人加入，而有一些则只允许符合这样或那样条件的人加入。4.Thosecommunitiesthatproveself-sustainingwillprosper(andperhapsgrowandsplitintosubsetswithever-more-particularinterestsandidentities).能够自持的群

46、体会兴盛发展（或许也会因为知趣与身份日趋特别，而发展成为几个分支）。Thosethatcantsurvive-eitherbecausepeopleloseinterestorgetscaredoff-willsimplywitheraway.有些群体或因为成员失去爱好，或因为成员被吓跑而不能幸存下来，它们将慢慢萎缩消亡。Unit2Oncetheproblemisunderstood,improvementcomesnaturally.一旦问题得到理解，状况自然有所改善。Womenwhofeelabandonedanddeprivedwhentheirhusbandswontlistentoo

47、rreportdailynewsmaybehappytodiscovertheirhusbandstryingtoadaptoncetheyunderstandtheplaceofsmalltalkinwomensrelationships.那些通常因丈夫不倾听或不谈论每天发生的事情而感到被遗弃、感到丢失生活乐趣的女性会兴奋的发觉，她们的丈夫一旦知道了不得眼的谈话在女性关系中的地位后，正努力地在适应Butiftheirhusbandsdontadapt,thewomenmaystillbecomfortedthatformen,thisisnotafailureofintimacy.假如丈夫不

48、适应，妻子仍旧能够得到劝慰，因为她知道，对男人来说，这不是不密切的表现。Acceptingthedifference,thewivesmaylooktotheirfriendsorfamilyforthatkindoftalk.当妻子接受了男女存在区分这一事实后，便会去找自己的挚友或家人说一说话。Andhusbandswhocantprovideitshouldntfeeltheirwiveshavemadeunreasonabledemands.那些不能够赐予妻子谈话欢乐的丈夫，也不应当觉得妻子提出了无理要求。Somecoupleswillstilldecidetodivorce,butat

49、leasttheirdecisionswillbebasedonrealisticexpectations.仍旧会有一些夫妻确定离婚，但至少他们的确定是建立在比较现实的期望基础上的。UNIT3Whenitfirstcameintobeing,theEarthverylikelylackedwhatwewouldtodaycallanoceanandanatmosphere.在地球形成的初期，上面很可能没有我们今日称之为海洋和大气层之类的东西。Between2billionand3billionyearsago,portionsofthesurfacewater,bathedbytheenergetic