【创新设计】2015高考英语（人教版）一轮复习语法讲解课件：320虚拟语气面面观.ppt

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1、20虚拟语气面面观难 点 自 测C。考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的“should not have laughed”可知此可知此处是对过去的事情的虚拟处是对过去的事情的虚拟, ,因此因此if从从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时。句中的谓语动词用过去完成时。I should not have laughed if I _ you were serious. (2013.江苏江苏)A.thought B. would thinkC. had thought D. have thought难 点 自 测20虚拟语气面面观I was caught in a traffic jam fo

2、r over an hour, otherwise I _ you waiting for such a long time.A. will not keep B. have not keptC. had not kept D. would not have keptD。考查含蓄虚拟语气。根据题意可知考查含蓄虚拟语气。根据题意可知, ,otherwise前的分句为客观事实前的分句为客观事实, ,使用一使用一般过去时般过去时, ,而而otherwise暗含与过去事实暗含与过去事实相反的假设相反的假设, ,故此处应用故此处应用“would have+ +过去分词过去分词”，应选，应选D项。项。20

3、虚拟语气面面观难 点 自 测_ he studied in university, he _ our manager now.A. If; might have been B. Should; would beC. Had; might be D. Were; would have beenC。考查混合虚拟语气。从选项可知考查混合虚拟语气。从选项可知, ,此此处为省略形式的条件状语从句。条件从处为省略形式的条件状语从句。条件从句是对过去情况的虚拟，应用过去完成句是对过去情况的虚拟，应用过去完成时；主句表示与现在的情况相反，用时；主句表示与现在的情况相反，用“would/might/could/

4、should+ +动词原形动词原形”。I would accept the invitation if I were you.如果我是你如果我是你, ,我就接受邀请。我就接受邀请。If I won the lottery now, I would buy an expensive car.1.1.条件状语从句的虚拟语气条件状语从句的虚拟语气与现在事实与现在事实相反的假设相反的假设与过去事实与过去事实相反的假设相反的假设与将来事实与将来事实相反的假设相反的假设时时 间间主主 句句从从 句句例例 句句 would/should/could/might +Vwould/should/could/mi

5、ght+ have +done would/should/could/might +V动词的过去式动词的过去式 (be=were)1. .动词的过去动词的过去式式(be=were）2.should+V3.were to+V点击查看点击查看点击查看点击查看点击查看点击查看had+过去分词过去分词He would have called her if he had known her number. 如果他知道她的号码就给她打电话了。如果他知道她的号码就给她打电话了。What would we say to him if he should come/ came/ were to come ? 如

6、果他来了，我们和他说些什么呢？如果他来了，我们和他说些什么呢？20虚拟语气面面观难 点 诠 释动词动词wish后的宾语从句后的宾语从句主语主语+wish (that)过去式过去式(与现在事实相反的愿望与现在事实相反的愿望)过去完成式过去完成式(与过去事实相反的愿望与过去事实相反的愿望)could/would+v(与将来事实相反的愿望与将来事实相反的愿望)I wish it _rain tomorrow.would20虚拟语气面面观2.2.名词性从句中的虚拟语气名词性从句中的虚拟语气I wish (that) I _ a flying bird.wereI wish I _ eaten so m

7、uch watermelon. hadnt(1)虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用20虚拟语气面面观 用于表示建议、命令、要求、愿望等词后的宾语从句用于表示建议、命令、要求、愿望等词后的宾语从句主语主语+ +动词动词一坚持一坚持二命令二命令三建议三建议四要求四要求insistorder, commandadvise, propose, suggestdemand, require, request, desire(其虚拟语气的结构为其虚拟语气的结构为should加动词原形，加动词原形，should可以省略可以省略)点击查看其特殊用法点击查看其特殊用法insist作作“坚持认为

8、、坚持说坚持认为、坚持说”时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气。作时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气。作“坚持坚持要求做某事要求做某事”时时,用虚拟语气。用虚拟语气。He insisted that he had not stolen money and insisted that he (should) be set free. 他坚持说自己没偷钱他坚持说自己没偷钱, 坚持要求被释放。坚持要求被释放。suggest表示表示“建议建议”时，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气。表示时，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气。表示“表明、暗示表明、暗示”时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气。如时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气。如: Janes p

9、ale face suggested that she was ill, and her mother suggested that she (should) have a medical exam.20虚拟语气面面观 表示建议、要求、命令等的动词相对应的名词（如表示建议、要求、命令等的动词相对应的名词（如: :advice, order, demand, proposal, suggestion, request) )作作主语时主语时, ,其后的表语从句和同位语从句的谓语动词用其后的表语从句和同位语从句的谓语动词用“( (should+)动词原形动词原形”。（3）虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用

10、在在It is desired/suggested/important/natural+that从从句中，谓语动词用句中，谓语动词用“（should+)+)动词原形动词原形”。如：。如：It is necessary that he (should) be sent there at once.It is requested that Professor Li (should) give us a speech.D。句意句意: :很多人反对在这里建很多人反对在这里建化工厂的提议。化工厂的提议。suggestion之后之后的同位语从句的谓语动词用的同位语从句的谓语动词用“( (should+)动

11、词原形动词原形”。D。demand之后接宾语从句之后接宾语从句, ,从从句的谓语动词用句的谓语动词用“should+ +动词动词原形原形”，should常省略。且夜总常省略。且夜总会应该是被搬走会应该是被搬走, ,故用被动语态。故用被动语态。典 型 例 题20虚拟语气面面观 All the settlers nearby demandedthat the nightclub _ away as soon as possible because of the loud noise at night.A. must be moved B. might been movedC. Should mov

12、e D. be moved A lot of people were against thesuggestion that a chemical factory _ built here.A. has been B. is C. was D. be【典例典例】But for the Party, the disaster areas in Zhejiang struck by the Typhoon No. 14,_ to normal so soon. A. should have returned B. should return C. wouldnt have returned D. w

13、ould return有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现总是出现if引导的条件状语从句引导的条件状语从句,而是用而是用but for, without, with, otherwise, or等表示含蓄虚拟。等表示含蓄虚拟。例如：例如：What would you do with one million dollars?=What would you do if you had one milliondollars?Without your help, we could not have finishedthe work ahead of time

14、.= If it had not been for your help, we could not have finished the work ahead of time.I was ill that day, Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting. =I was ill that day, if I had not been ill that day,I would have taken part in the sports meeting.C。考查含蓄虚拟语气。句意:要不是党,遭受14号台风袭击的浙江灾区也不会这

15、么快就恢复正常。句中的“But for”暗含与过去事实相反的假设,主句应用“would/should/could/might+ have+过去分词”。根据句意可知,答案为C。解析解析/显隐显隐20虚拟语气面面观不同时间的虚拟不同时间的虚拟1.If he had listened to me, he would not be in trouble now. 如果他当时听如果他当时听了我的话，他现在就不会有麻烦了。了我的话，他现在就不会有麻烦了。 2. If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party.如果我是你，我将参加她的生日聚会。如

16、果我是你，我将参加她的生日聚会。虚拟与陈述的混合虚拟与陈述的混合I would have gone to visit him in the hospital, but I was occupied the whole of last week.我本应该去医院看望他的，但我上周的我本应该去医院看望他的，但我上周的时间全被排满了。时间全被排满了。【典例典例】It is hard for me to imaginewhat I would be doing today if I _in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library i

17、n my hometown.A. wouldnt have fallenB. had not fallenC. should fallD. were to fall解析解析/显隐显隐疑 难 突 破B。根据句意可知，主句的动作所根据句意可知，主句的动作所发生的时间为现在，谓语动词的形发生的时间为现在，谓语动词的形式是式是“would be doing”,”,从句的动从句的动作所发生的时间是过去作所发生的时间是过去, ,所以谓语所以谓语动词用动词用“had+ +过去分词过去分词”。 过去时（与主句的动作同时发生过去时（与主句的动作同时发生) )过去完成时过去完成时( (先于主句的动作而发生先于主句

18、的动作而发生) )过去将来时过去将来时( (后于主句的动作而发生后于主句的动作而发生) )He looks as if he were an artist.他看上去就像是一位艺术家他看上去就像是一位艺术家。 【例句例句】She speaks English so fluently as if she had studied in America.她英语说的这么好，就像在美国学过一样。她英语说的这么好，就像在美国学过一样。He learns English so hard as if/though hewould go to the USA.他如此努力地学英语，就好像要去美国一样。他如此努力地学

19、英语，就好像要去美国一样。20虚拟语气面面观as if/though从句从句过去时过去时should( (不省略不省略) )20虚拟语气面面观It is (high) time that weJiangnan style.是我们该跳江南是我们该跳江南style的时候了。的时候了。should dancedancedIt is (high) time that sb典型试题精选典型试题精选Its time that I _my hair cut. Its the eighth time that I_ to the barbers shop.A. had; have been B. have;

20、have gone C. have; went D. had; go 答答 案案 解解 析析A。recommend作作“建议建议”讲时讲时, ,其其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气后的宾语从句用虚拟语气, ,谓语用谓语用“should+ +动词原形动词原形”,”,should可以省略。可以省略。popularize与与yoga之前时动宾关系之前时动宾关系, ,应应用被动语态。故选择用被动语态。故选择A项。项。C。这里是错综时间的虚拟语这里是错综时间的虚拟语气。从句是对过去情况的虚拟；气。从句是对过去情况的虚拟；从从now可以看出主句是对现在可以看出主句是对现在情况的虚拟，所以选情况的虚拟，所以选C。即

21、时 突 破20虚拟语气面面观 5“Had I not exercised so much on the weekends,” Tom said, “I _ able to win the first prize now.”A. wont be B. wouldnt have beenC. wouldnt be D. couldnt have been 6Its recommended that yoga _ as an itemin the job of psychological education in college.A. be popularized B. would be popularized C. could be popularized D. should popularize