倒装强调省略.ppt

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1、1.1.完全倒装和部分倒装。完全倒装和部分倒装。2.2.各种句子成分及习惯上的省略。各种句子成分及习惯上的省略。3.3.强调句型及对谓语部分的强调。强调句型及对谓语部分的强调。一、倒装一、倒装1. 完全倒装完全倒装 完全倒装是把句子的谓语全部置于主完全倒装是把句子的谓语全部置于主语之前。在下列几种情况下多用完全倒装：语之前。在下列几种情况下多用完全倒装： 地点状语位于句首，且主语为名词而地点状语位于句首，且主语为名词而谓语为不及物动词的陈述句。谓语为不及物动词的陈述句。如：如： On the top of the hill stands a big pine tree. 在在“there +

2、be / live / lie / stand / .”结构结构中。中。如：如： Once there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, off, away等副词位于句首，主语为名词，等副词位于句首，主语为名词，谓语动词通常是谓语动词通常是be, come, go, run, rush, fly, follow, fall等词，时态为一般时。等词，时态为一般时。如：如： Here are some advertisements about cars

3、. There come the rest of the students. Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas. 注意：当主语是代词时，主语和谓语的注意：当主语是代词时，主语和谓语的语序不变。语序不变。如：如： Away he went. Down it came. 有时为了强调或者为了使句子平衡，常把有时为了强调或者为了使句子平衡，常把句子的表语置于句首，构成完全倒装。句子的表语置于句首，构成完全倒装。如：如： Present at the meeting were Professor Smith, Professor Brown an

4、d many other celebrities. Gone are the days when they had nothing to eat. such作表语提前时。作表语提前时。如：如： Such is the influence of TV that it can make a person famous overnight. 有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的动词有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的动词-ing形式、过去分词或不定式置于句首。形式、过去分词或不定式置于句首。如：如： Standing beside the table was his wife. Buried in the sand

5、s was an ancient village. To be carefully considered are the following questions.2. 部分倒装部分倒装 部分倒装是把谓语的一部分（助动词或情部分倒装是把谓语的一部分（助动词或情态动词）提到主语之前。使用部分倒装的情态动词）提到主语之前。使用部分倒装的情况有：况有： 含否定意义的词或短语含否定意义的词或短语(如如not, nor, never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, rarely, little, few, nowhere, not until, not only, no sooner

6、, in no way, on no account, under no circumstances, by no means等等)置于句首时。置于句首时。如：如： Never would he know what she had suffered. Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining. On no account must we give up this attempt. only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时。句位于句首时。如：如： Only when she came home d

7、id her mother learn the news. 当表示前面提出的某一情况也同样适用于当表示前面提出的某一情况也同样适用于后者时，通常要用后者时，通常要用“so / neither / nor +系动系动词词/助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词+主语主语”倒装结构。倒装结构。如：如： He can speak English and so can I. If she wont go there tomorrow, neither / nor will I. 当虚拟条件句含有当虚拟条件句含有were, should, had时，时，可省略可省略if，将，将were, should, had

8、移到主语之前。移到主语之前。如：如： Should you require anything, give me a ring. Had you come yesterday, you would have seen him. so . that结构中的结构中的“so +形容词形容词/副词副词”置置于句首时，主句通常要部分倒装，但如果谓于句首时，主句通常要部分倒装，但如果谓语动词为语动词为be时，则为全部倒装。时，则为全部倒装。如：如： So earnestly did the boy beg that his father gave his permission. （部分倒装）（部分倒装） S

9、o small was the mark that I could hardly see it.（全部倒装）（全部倒装）3. 常见考点常见考点 高考对倒装的考查主要是方位词、否定词高考对倒装的考查主要是方位词、否定词位于句首、位于句首、so, neither, nor等位于句首及一些等位于句首及一些固定结构中的倒装。固定结构中的倒装。 1) “Never for a second,” the boy says, “_ that my father would come to my rescue.” (江苏江苏2013) A. I doubted B. do I doubt C. I have

10、doubted D. did I doubt2) Not until he went through real hardship _ the love we have for our families is important. (福建福建2013) A. had he realized B. did he realize C. he realized D. he had realized二、省略二、省略 1. 简单句中的省略简单句中的省略 简单句中，可以省略谓语简单句中，可以省略谓语(的一部分的一部分)或主或主语。另外，也可省略宾语等其他成分。语。另外，也可省略宾语等其他成分。如：如： (I

11、 am) Looking forward to hearing from you soon. What do you think made Mary so upset? Losing her bicycle (made her upset). 2. 并列句中的省略并列句中的省略 在由并列连词在由并列连词and, but, or等连接的并列等连接的并列句中，后边的分句中可以省略与前边分句句中，后边的分句中可以省略与前边分句中相同的成分，以避免重复。中相同的成分，以避免重复。如：如： My room is on the fifth floor, and hers (is) on the eight

12、h (floor). 3. 复合句中的省略复合句中的省略 当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且谓语动词中有且谓语动词中有be时，从句的主语和时，从句的主语和be可可以省略。另外，当状语从句的主语和谓语以省略。另外，当状语从句的主语和谓语是是it is / was时，时，it is / was常被省略。常被省略。如：如： The boy studies very hard though (he is) still rather weak. You may turn to the dictionary when (it is) necessary.注意：注意： 在

13、状语从句中，省略了从句中的主语和在状语从句中，省略了从句中的主语和be动词，这时从句中可出现如下结构：连动词，这时从句中可出现如下结构：连词词(as if, as, once)+名词；连词名词；连词(though, whether, when)+形容词；连词形容词；连词(whether, as if, while)+介词短语；连词介词短语；连词(when, while, though)+动词动词-ing形式；连词形式；连词)when, if, even if, unless, once, than, as)+ 过去分词；连词过去分词；连词(as if, as though)+不定式。不定式。

14、在对话中，常用在对话中，常用so或或not来替代上文的一来替代上文的一部分或整个从句。部分或整个从句。如：如： Do you think he will lend us a hand? I hope so. (= I hope he will lend us a hand.) 在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词that, which, whom, who等常可以省略。等常可以省略。如：如： He is the man (who / whom / that) you can depend on. 引导宾语从句的连词引导宾语从句的连词that常被省略。常被省略

15、。如：如： We all know (that) light travels much faster than sound. 为避免重复，不定式常省去前面出现的为避免重复，不定式常省去前面出现的相同部分，而只保留不定式符号相同部分，而只保留不定式符号to。但如。但如果在省略的不定式结构中含有果在省略的不定式结构中含有be, have时，时，这些词要保留。这些词要保留。如：如： I saw him playing with a gun, and I told him not to. My brother has lost a lot of weight he is three kilos lig

16、hter than he used to be. Hasnt he finished writing the report? No, but he ought to have. 单独使用不定式符号单独使用不定式符号to代替不定式后被省略代替不定式后被省略的动词，常用在的动词，常用在be afraid, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等后面。等后面。如：如： I asked him to see the film, but he didnt want to.

17、 如果从句的谓语动词与主句的谓语动词一如果从句的谓语动词与主句的谓语动词一样，从句中的谓语动词可以用样，从句中的谓语动词可以用do, did, does等等代替。代替。 4. 习惯上的省略习惯上的省略 由固定短语引导的疑问句。由固定短语引导的疑问句。如：如： What about having a game of chess? What if its raining? 习惯性的交际用语习惯性的交际用语。如：。如： Not at all. 不用谢。不用谢。 No matter. 不要紧。不要紧。 Thanks. 谢谢。谢谢。5. 常见考点常见考点 高考对省略的考查主要集中在不定式中高考对省略的考

18、查主要集中在不定式中的省略和状语从句中的省略。的省略和状语从句中的省略。 1) The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police _. (2013 新课标全国卷新课标全国卷I) A. not to do B. not to C. not do D. do not 2) Film has a much shorter history, especially when _ such art forms as music and painting. (2012新课标全国卷新课标全国卷) A.

19、 having compared to B. comparing to C. compare to D. compared to三、强调三、强调 1. It is / was . that / who(m) . 该句型可用于强调除谓语以外的其它句子该句型可用于强调除谓语以外的其它句子成分，强调句的结构是：成分，强调句的结构是：it + is / was +被强调被强调部分部分+ that / who(m) +其它部分。其它部分。 强调的主语是人，可用强调的主语是人，可用who引导后面的部引导后面的部分，间或用分，间或用that；若主语是物，则用；若主语是物，则用that。 如果强调的宾语或介词

20、宾语是人，用如果强调的宾语或介词宾语是人，用whom，间或用间或用that；若宾语是物，用；若宾语是物，用that。 强调状语时多用强调状语时多用that引导。引导。 强调句的否定形式：强调句的否定形式：It isnt / wasnt +被强调被强调部分部分+ that / who(m) .。 一般疑问句形式：一般疑问句形式：Was / Is it +被强调部分被强调部分+ that / who(m) .? 特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词+ was / is it that .? not . until .的强调句形式为固定结构，即：的强调句形式为固定结构，即：It is

21、 / was not until . that / who(m) .。 2. do / does / did + 动词原形动词原形 如果需要强调谓语时，借用助动词如果需要强调谓语时，借用助动词do / does / did，且只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯，且只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句中。定句中。如：如： Do be careful when you cross the street. Ill tell you something that does sound strange. She did come late, very late. I had marked her ab

22、sence, of course. 3. 常见考点常见考点 高考对强调句的考查，主要考查强调句的高考对强调句的考查，主要考查强调句的陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句形式及与陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句形式及与其它含其它含it句型的区别。句型的区别。 1) It was with the help of the local guide _ the mountain climber was rescued. (重重庆庆2013) A. who B. that C. when D. how 2) It was only after he had read the papers _ Mr. Gross

23、 realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete. (2013 新课标全国卷新课标全国卷II) A. when B. that C. which D. what从从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。入空白处的最佳选项。1. Only when you can find peace in your heart _ good relationships with others. (湖南湖南2014) A. will you keep B. you will keep C.

24、you kept D. did you keep2. No sooner _ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause. (陕西陕西2014) A. had Mo Yan B. Mo Yan had C. has Mo Yan D. Mo Yan has3. The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, _, reaching 30 in summer. (福建福建2014) A. if not B. if ever C.

25、if any D. if so4. It was the culture, rather than the language, _ made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad. (福建福建2014) A. where B. why C. that D. what5. Was it because Jack came late for school _ Mr. Smith got angry? (四川四川2014) A. why B. who C. where D. that 6. It rained cats and

26、dogs this morning. Im glad we took an umbrella. Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we _. (重庆重庆2013) A. hadnt B. havent C. didnt D. dontI. 用括号内所给内容的正确形式填空。用括号内所给内容的正确形式填空。1. Seldom _ (I read) an article that was so full of lies.2. Not until I began to work _ (realize) how much time I had wasted.

27、did I realize have I read 3. Our monitor suggested that the problem just referred to _ (be discuss) at the class meeting tomorrow.4. If you start to do one thing, _ (devote) yourself to it and finally youll be paid off. 5. Only by showing your sincerity _ (you can win) the trust of your friends.can

28、you win(should) be discussed(do) devote 6. Only when my sister apologizes for her rudeness _ (I speak) to her again. 7. Not once _ (it occur) to him that he might be falling in love with her.8. So easy _ (the exercise be) that the student finished it in half an hour.was the exercise will I speakdid

29、it occurII. 根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。1. In no case _ (你竟你竟然被允许然被允许) to do such a foolish thing again.2. It was _ (直到我去了医院直到我去了医院) that I began to learn about this kind of disease.not until I went to the hospital should you be allowed3. I try to find _ (是什是什么阻止了么阻止了) so many people from taki

30、ng part in the program.4. Marys success has nothing to do with good luck. _ (是多年的是多年的努力工作努力工作) that has made her what she is today. 5. The flowers in the other shop _ _ (是是更便宜但是不像这个商店的好更便宜但是不像这个商店的好 ). but not as good as those in this shop what it is that preventsIt is years of hard workare cheaper6

31、. Anyone who commits a crime must be punished _ _ (不论他处于什么位置不论他处于什么位置).7. In no way _ _ (理论能与实践分开理论能与实践分开).8. Only by increasing the number of teachers by 50 percent _ _ (学生才能被教好学生才能被教好) in this school. can the studentsno matter what/whatever hiscan theory be separated frombe taught properlypracticeposition is