江南大学考博英语历年考题来源部分汇总及答案.doc

《江南大学考博英语历年考题来源部分汇总及答案.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《江南大学考博英语历年考题来源部分汇总及答案.doc（35页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流江南大学考博英语历年考题来源部分汇总及答案.精品文档.Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions:There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the

2、 best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:When Kathie Giffords face was splashed across the newspapers in 1996 after her lucrative line of Walmart clothing was exposed as t

3、he work of underpaid laborers in New York Citys Chinatown, the Department of Labor and the White House teamed up to condemn such practices. With much fanfare, President Clintons administration launched the “No Sweat” campaign, which pressured retailers and manufacturers to submit to periodic indepen

4、dent inspection of their workplace conditions.;This campaign urged manufacturers to sign the Workplace Code of Conduct, a promise to selfregulate that has since been adopted by a handful of retailers and many of the nations largest manufacturers, including Nike and L.L. Bean. However, the Department

5、 of Defense, which has a $ 1 billion garment business that would make it the countrys 14th largest retail apparel outlet, has not signed the Code of Conduct. In addition, it has not agreed to demand that its contractors submit to periodic inspections.;Because the Department of Defense has not agreed

6、 to adhere to the code, the job of stopping publicsector sweatshops falls to the Department of Labor. Federal contractors that persist in violating wage laws or safety and health codes can lose their lucrative taxpayerfinanced contracts. But Suzanne Seiden, a deputy administrator at the Department o

7、f Labor, says that to her knowledge, the department has never applied that rule to government apparel manufacturers. “I just assume that they are adhering to safety and health requirements,” she says. According to records obtained by Mother Jones, through a Freedom of Information Act request, the Oc

8、cupational Safety and Health Administration has cited Lion 32 times for safety and health violations in the past 12 years.21.What is this passgage mainly concerned with?A)The functions of the Department of Labor in America.B)A serious problem threatening American economy.C)The successful attempt of

9、regulating sweatshops in America.D)The seriousness of the problem of sweatshops in America.22.According to the passage, Kathie Gifford _.A) was one of the underpaid laborers in New York Citys ChinatownB) was one of the wellpaid laborers in New York Citys ChinatownC) made much money from cheap labore

10、rs in New York Citys ChinatownD) wrote a newspaper article exposing the practice of employing cheap laborers23.The underlined phrase “to submit to” is closest in meaning to _.A) to accept unwillinglyB) to refuse coldlyC) to welcome warmheartedlyD) to blame strongly24.Which of the following statement

11、s about the Department of Defense is true?A) It will become the countrys 14th largest retail apparel manufacturer.B) It hasnt acted according to the Workplace Code of Conduct.C) It has demanded its contractors to sign the Workplace Code of Conduct.D) It has teamed up with the Department of Labor to

12、launch a campaign.25.What was the purpose of President Clintons administration launching the “No Sweat” campaign?A) To urge manufacturers to obey the Workplace Code of Conduct.B) To remind the manufacturers of the Workplace Code of Conduct.C) To urge the Department of Labor to take its responsibilit

13、y.D) To urge the Department of Defense to inspect manufacturers.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:The term investment portfolio conjures up visions of the truly rich-the Rockefellers, the WalMart Waltons, Bill Gates. But today, everyone-from the Philadelphia firefighte

14、r, his parttime receptionist wife and their three children, to the single Los Angeles lawyer starting out on his own-needs a portfolio.;A portfolio is simply a collection of financial assets. It may include real estate, rare stamps and coins, precious metals and even artworks. But those are for peop

15、le with expertise. What most of us need to know about are stocks, bonds and cash (including such cash equivalents as moneymarket funds).;How do you decide what part of your portfolio should go to each of the big three? Begin by understanding that stocks pay higher returns but are more risky; bonds a

16、nd cash pay lower returns but are less risky.;Research by Ibbotson Associates, for example, shows that largecompany stocks, on average, have returned 11.2 percent annually since 1926. Over the same period, by comparison, bonds have returned an annual average of 5.3 percent and cash, 3.8 percent.;But

17、 shortterm risk is another matter. In 1974, a oneyear $1000 investment in the stock market would have declined to $735.;With bonds, there are two kinds of risk: that the borrower wont pay you back and that the money youll get wont be worth very much. The U.S. government stands behind treasury bonds,

18、 so the credit risk is almost nil. But the inflation risk remains. Say you buy a $1000 bond maturing in ten years. If inflation averages about seven percent over that time, then the $1000 you receive at maturity can only buy $500 worth of todays goods.;With cash, the inflation risk is lower, since o

19、ver a long period you can keep rolling over your CDs every year (or more often). If inflation rises, interest rates rise to compensate.;As a result, the single most imortant rule in building a portfolio is this: If you dont need the money for a long time, then put it into stocks. If you need it soon

20、, put it into bonds and cash.26.This passage is intended to give advice on _.A) how to avoid inflation risksB) what kinds of bonds to buyC) how to get rich by investing in stock marketD) how to become richer by spreading the risk27.The author mentions such millionaires as the Rockefellers and Bill G

21、ates to show that _.A) they are examples for us on our road to wealthB) a portfolio is essential to financial successC) they are really rich peopleD) they started out on their own28.Which of the following statements will the author support?A) Everybody can get rich with some financial assets.B) The

22、credit risk for treasury bonds is extremely high.C) Its no use trying to know the advantages of stocks, bonds and cash.D) Everybody should realize the importance of distribution of their financial assets.29.The word “returns” in paragraph three can be best replaced by “_.”A) returning journeysB) pro

23、fitsC) savingsD) investments30.The author of the passage points out that _.A) keeping cash is the only way to avoid risksB) the longer you own a stock, the more you lostC) the high rate of profit and high rate of risk coexist in stocksD) the best way to accumulate wealth is by investing in stocksPas

24、sage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:There were two widely divergent influences on the early development of statistical methods. Statistics had a mother who was dedicated to keeping orderly records of governmental units (state and statistics come from the same Latin root,

25、status) and a gentlemanly gambling father who relied on mathematics to increase his skill at playing the odds in games of chance. The influence of the mother on the offspring, statistics, is represented by counting, measuring, describing, tabulating, ordering, and the taking of censusesall of which

26、led to modern descriptive statistics. From the influence of the father came modern inferential statistics, which is based squarely on theories of probability.;Descriptive statistics involves tabulating, depicting, and describing collections of data. These data may be either quantitative, such as mea

27、sures of height, intelligence, or grade levelvariables that are characterized by an underlying continuumor the data many represent qualitative variables, such as sex, college major, or personality type. Large masses of data must generally undergo a process of summarization or reducing to comprehensi

28、bly form the properties of an otherwise unwieldy mass of data.;Inferential statistics is a formalized body of methods for solving another class of problems that present great difficulties for the unaided human mind. This general class of problems characteristically involves attempts to make predicti

29、ons using a sample of observations. For example, a school superintendent wishes to determine the proportion of children in a large school system who come to school without breakfast, have been vaccinated for flu, or whatever. Having a little knowledge of statistics, the superintendent would know tha

30、t it is unnecessary and inefficiency to question each child; the proportion for the entire district could be estimated fairly accurately from a sample of as few as 100 children. Thus, the purpose of inferential statistics is to predict or estimate characteristics of a population from a knowledge of

31、the characteristics of only a sample of the population.31.What is the passage mainly concerned with?A) Development and application of statistics.B) Origin of descriptive statistics.C) Limitations of inferential statistics.D) Importance of statistics.32.Describing and tabulating are associated with _

32、.A) inferential statisticsB) descriptive statisticsC) theories of probabilityD) inefficiency of counting33.Which of the following statements is true about descriptive statistics?A) It combines quantitative variables and qualitative variables.B) It can be used to deal with only quantitative variables

33、.C) It helps to summarize properties of a group of data.D) It helps to make predictions using a sample of observations.34.The word “unwieldy” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to _.A) difficult to collect B) difficult to tackleC) incomprehensiveD) uncontrollable35.A sample of a populatio

34、n is often examined for the following purposes except _.A) to make a more accurate prediction of trendB) to improve efficiency and avoid unnecessary workC) to save the trouble of approaching every membersD) to predict characteristics of the entire populationPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based o

35、n the following passage:The Japanese are fascinated by automata and new inventions. Japanese children are used to friendly robots in their comics, in toys, and in TV animated cartoons. When as adults they join the workforce,robots mean that there is no need to import cheap foreign labor, as happens

36、in many other parts of the world. There is no need for humans to put up with dirty, minddeadening mechanical work the robot does it all without complaint, around the clock. Robots dont go on strike over tea breaks they dont have tea, or any other kind of breaks:they work, day and night, without havi

37、ng to be paid overtime, without making mistakes. Human tasks are subject to human error: robot error seldom or never occurs except as a result of human error!;In Japan, robots are almost respected for their virtues. When a new robot is introduced to a small suburban factory, a Shinto priest is invit

38、ed to inaugurate it. He inaugurates the robot with words along the lines of “Welcome to our coworker, we hope youll help him settle in.” No one laughs.;FANUC demonstrates the Japanese tendency to conform particularly strikingly. The founder of FANUC, Dr. Inaba, has created an army that makes no dist

39、inction between bluecollar, whitecollar and steelcollar worker: everyone, including the warlord himself, is dressed in yellow clothing issued free by the company. Perhaps to make up for the boring nature of the work, there are a number of other company perks. Company benefits, including pay, are muc

40、h higher than in similar companies in Japan. Travel to and from work is provided free in the companys yellow buses. However, workers are expected to put in demanding unpaid “overtime.” There is a clock in the product development laboratory set to run at ten times the normal speed, the remind everyon

41、e that the company is on a war footing.;As we watched Dr. Inabas yellow helicopter soar away to Narita airport, we couldnt help thinking that his dream of world domination in robotics and allied applications might be more elegantly achieved if he had also thought to program his robots to whistle whi

42、le they work.36.According to the author, which of the following is not true to the Japanese?A) Robots mean there is no need to import cheap foreign labor.B) Robots mean that humans neednt do dirty and noisy work.C) Robots mean there are no strikes nor overtimes.D) Robots mean there is no mistake in

43、any form.37.What can be inferred form the words “He inaugurates the robot with words along the lines of Welcome to our coworker, we hope youll help him settle in.No one laughs.”?A) The Japanese has no sense of humor while at work.B) The Japanese does not understand the words of the Shinto priest.C)

44、The Japanese shows a true respect for robots.D) The Japanese goes too far in their respect for robots.38.Which of the following is not true about FANUC?A) Workers receive higher pay for working overtime.B) Workers enjoy free travel to and from work.C) Workers are doing boring, sometimes demanding wo

45、rk.D) Workers are reminded of being on a war footing.39.What is not implied in the following works “we couldnt help thinking that his dream of world domination in robotics and allied applications might be more elegantly achieved if he had also thought to program his robots to whistle while they work

46、.”?A) Our technology is not yet up to the needs of Dr. Inabas dream.B) Dr. Inabas dream of world domination in robotics lacks humanity.C) Dr. Inabas dream of allied applications is too practical.D) The author is in favor of Dr. Inabas dream.40.What does “our coworker” refer to in the sentence “Welco

47、me to our coworker, we hope youll help him settle in?”A) Japanese workers who attend the inauguration.B) The introduced robot.C) The people who have invented the robot.D) Japanese workers in general.Part Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a compositi

48、on on the topic: How to Cope with Personal Crisis.You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:How to Deal with Personal Crisis1.造成个人危机的起因。2.应对个人危机的方法。答案与详解Part Passage One内容概要:本文讲述了美国“工作场所操作规范”诞生的背景和实施情况。1996年，美国一些地方和部门的低收入工人抗议血汗工厂，随后克林顿政府发起“无血汗”运动，要求零售商和制造商签署工作场所操作规范。可是国防部拒绝执行；美国劳工部作为政府部门，却称主要要求制造商们遵守安全和卫生规定。21.【答案】D。【译文】这篇文章主要讲述什么？【试题分析】归纳概括题(Summing up and summarizing)，这种试题要求学生能把握文章的总体，并真正理解