unit 14课后练习答案.doc
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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-dateunit 14课后练习答案unit 14课后练习答案Loving and Hating New York 练习题答案/answer. 1. Olmsted : Frederick Law Olmsted Jr. ( 1870 - 1975 ), American landscape architect. A Harvard graduate (1894),he stu
2、died under his father, Fredcrick Law Olmsted, and began practice as landscape architect in 1895. He was landscape architect for the Metropolitan Park System of Boston, 1898-1920; Baltimore Park and Park Commission, 1902-1917; member of the National Capital Park and Planning Commission in 1929, and a
3、gain from 1945. He acted in consulting capacity for and designed portions of the parks or other public improvements of many towns and cities and numerous institutions, land subdivisions, and private properties. Among his designs in Washington D.C. were those for Rock Creek and Anacostia Parks, the M
4、all, and the White House grounds. He wrote numerous articles and reports on professional subjects. 2. Bach: John Sebastian Bach (1685-1750),German composer and organist, one of the greatest and most influential composers of the Western World. He brought poly- phonic baroque music to its culmination,
5、 creating masterful and vigorous works in almost every musical form known in his period. Born into a gifted family, Bach was devoted to music from childhood; he was taught by his father and later by his brother Johann Christophe. His education was acquired largely through independent studies. Since
6、few of Bachs many works were published in his lifetime, exact dates cannot be fixed for all of them, but most can be placed with some certainty in the periods of his life. At Arnstadt and Miihlhausen he began a series of organ compositions that culminated in the great works of the Weimar period; the
7、 Passacaglia and Fugue in C Minor. At Cothen he concentrated on instrumental compositions, especially keyboard works: the Chromatic Fantasy and Fugue; the English Suites; and Book I of the celebrated The Well-Tempered-Clavier. He also wrote several unaccompanied violin Sonatas and cello suites, and
8、the Brandenburg Concertos, recognized as the best concerti grossi ever composed. As musical director of St Thomas at Leipzig, he composed many of his superb religious compositions, the Christmas Oratorio, the St. Matthew Passion, etc. The principal keyboard works of this period were Book of The Well
9、-Tempered Clavier and the four books of clavier pieces in the Clavierubung, which includes: six partitas (1726-1731); the Italian Concerto and the Partita in B minor (1735); and the Goldberg Variations. The bulk of his work is religious. In addition, he composed an astonishing number of instrumental
10、 works, many of them designed for the instruction of his numerous pupils. In his instrumental and choral works he perfected the art of polyphony, displaying an unmatched combination of inventiveness and control in his great, striding fugues. During his lifetime, Bach was better known as an organist
11、than as a composer. For decades after his death his works were neglected, but in the 19th century his genius came to be recognized, particularly by romantic composers such as Mendelssohn and Schumann. Since that time his reputation has grown steadily. .1. No, his hometown is Seattle, a seaport in we
12、st central Washington State on Puget Sound. See paragraph 4. 2. These signs show that New York is no longer the leading city in the United States. 3. New York no longer begets the styles and sets the trends. It is no longer a pacesetter. 4. Other cities have buildings more inspired architecturally.
13、The center of music and sports have also shifted to other cities. As a tourist attraction it is inferior to New Orleans, San Francisco, Washington or Disneyland. Finally, there are many better cities to live in than New York. 5. The Europeans call New York their favorite city because they like its c
14、osmopolitan complexities, its surviving European standards and its alien mixtures. Perhaps some of them are reassured by the international names of jewelers, shoe stores and designer shops. But what most excites Europeans is the citys charged, nervous atmosphere, its vulgar dynamism. 6. Tim writer w
15、ent to New York because he likes to live there and he could practice the kind of journalism he wanted in that city. 7. The young people go to New York to test themselves and to avoid giving in to the most banal and marketable of their talents. In New York they also find the company of many other you
16、ng people similarly fleeing from the constricting atmosphere of smaller cities. 8. New York is still the banking and communications headquarters for America. The networks news centres, the largest book publishers, the biggest magazines, the ad agencies are all here, appraising and ratifying the film
17、s, the plays, the music, the books that others have created. 9. Newcomers can find or form their little groups and, though these groups lie close to each other, there is no contact or intercourse between groups. This gives the city its sense of freedom. 10. Despite all the faults of the city, a New
18、Yorker still prefers to live in New York because he prefers the unhealthy hassle and vitality of urban life. What he finds attractive about New York is its rawness, tension, urgency; its bracing competitiveness; the rigor of its judgments; and the congested, democratic presence of so many other New
19、Yorkers, encased in their own worlds. 11. It is in fact the first truly international metropolis because here one finds a much wider mixture of nationalities- Asians, Africans, Latins and all varieties of Europeans. .1.This article is a piece of expository writing. The main theme or thesis is stated
20、 by the title Loving and Hating New York, or more specifically, by the first sentence of the last paragraph: “Loving and hating New York becomes a matter of alternating moods, often in the same day. 2. Griffith develops his main thesis by both objective and emotional description of New York and the
21、life and struggle of New Yorkers. It is very effective. (See the answer to 4.) 3. This article is full of American English terms, phrases and constructions. Such as T-shirt, hassle, plush, holdout, comeback, putdown, measure up, expense-account, etc. 4. The writer states that he both loves and hates
22、 New York, but the reader fails to see where or why he hates New York. It is clear that Griffith loves New York and feels exhilarated living there. He may sometimes feel exasperated but this feeling is never strong enough to turn to hate. The writer shows his love for New York with the words such as
23、 energy, contention, striving, etc. 5. The first five paragraphs act as a general introduction, setting forth the present status of New York city in the United States and in the eyes of foreigners. The last sentence of paragraph 5 also acts as a transition to the actual descriptions of New York city
24、 itself: the charged, nervous atmosphere, its vulgar dynamism of the last line of paragraph 5 leads to the energy, contention, and striving in the first line of paragraph 6. 6. The topic sentence of paragraph 8 is the first sentence. Nature s pleasures are much qualified in New York. The writer uses
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