最新高考英语阅读理解专题-七选五阅读填空(附练习答案).doc

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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date最新高考英语阅读理解专题-七选五阅读填空(附练习答案)最新高考英语阅读理解专题-七选五阅读填空(附练习答案)七选五阅读填空步骤一 高考这样考， 差距须明了(2018全国卷)If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be

2、hard to try and find the time to work out. _1_ Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. _2_Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. _3_

3、 If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里)burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep._4_ Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to rela

4、x and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited._5_ If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choice

5、s.There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.AYou will stick to your diet.BYour quality of sleep improves.CYou prefer healthy food to fast food.DThere is no reason you

6、should exercise in the morning.EYou can keep your head clear for 410 hours after exercise.FAfter you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.GIf you are planning to do exercise regularly, or youre doing it now, then listen up!语篇解读：本文从工作效率、新陈代谢、睡眠质量和饮食习惯四个方面介绍了晨练给人们带来的好处。1解析空后一句及接下

7、来的段落是在讲晨练的好处，所以G“如果你计划定期锻炼，或者你现在正在锻炼，那就注意听”符合语境。答案G2解析根据空处前两句(你的工作效率提高了；锻炼会让你更清醒，并准备好应付一天中摆在你面前的一切)可知，此空应选E“运动后你可以保持头脑清醒410个小时”。more awake与E项中的clear照应。答案E3解析由此空后的“getting. the whole day”与F项中的“burn calories throughout the day”一致可知，答案为F“在你运动之后，你一整天都在消耗卡路里”。答案F4解析此空是本段的中心句，根据本段内容可知，本段主要讲了晨练对睡眠的益处，所以选B“

8、你的睡眠质量提高了”。空后一句中的“slept better”是关键信息。答案B5解析根据本段中的“healthy food”和“junk food”与选项A中的diet有关可知，此空应选A“你会坚持你的饮食(习惯)”。答案A步骤二 储备知识点， 讲练补短板一、近三年新课标全国卷七选五命题实况二、段首设空题型特点设空在段首，选项可能会有如下特点：1通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。2与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一句，锁定线索词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此

9、这两句间会有某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。比如，如果选项中出现时间年代时，往往要注意与原文中年代的前后对应关系。3是段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来了。典例(2018全国卷)Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. _37_， they can get a little complex. But

10、 good news is that therere really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones._38_. Theyre the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less

11、tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. _39_. They require a bigger commitme

12、nt than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.DSmall color choices are the ones were most familiar with分析38空设在段首，考查段落主题。根据上段最后一句出现了“the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones”，下段提到了“small color choices”，由此可知空处所在段主要在讲“the small ones”，故选D。三、段中设空题的题型特点如果问

13、题设在段中，通常是设在语境和逻辑两方面和上下文有密切关系的句子中，通常考查过渡句和细节注释句。注意所选选项要在语境方面能够与原文无缝衔接。要学会分析一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。段落之间的发展靠句际间意义的结合，以及句际间的关联词、逻辑性插入语来连接。做题时要特别注意体现时间、原因、方式、转折等逻辑关系的语篇标志词(关联词)。典例(2017全国卷)The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. _1_ We slept in a tent, cooked over an ope

14、n fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.CThe trip they took me on was a rough one.分析此题设在段中，考查细节注释句。根据下文可知，这次野营

15、活动从住宿、饮食到洗澡都很艰苦，故选C项，对下文进行注释、概括。四、段尾设空题的题型特点1通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore，as a result，thus，hence, in short, to sum up，to conclude，in a word等，选项中也可能会出现前文的同义词句。2与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的连接词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。3与前文是并列或递进关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此根据段落一致性原则，在原

16、文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常在选项中会出现表示并列/递进关系的连接词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他信号线索。前面的一句与答案的第一句是紧密相连的。要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句，通常会找到关键的线索词句。4所选答案引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否能与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。典例(2018全国卷)So why do we dance? “I can tell you about one young couple，” says Bridges. “Theyre learning to do

17、 traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. _39_”FDancing seems to change their feeling completely.分析39空设在段尾，起到总结本段落的作用。此处表示跳过舞后人们心情的积极变化，再根据设空前的“one young couple”可知，待填处的代词应为复数，故选F。步骤三 锦囊藏妙计， 练考两不惧一、七选五的审题、解题方略1通读全文，掌握大意，初识庐山真面目在阅读过程中，要注意文章的首段与末段，尤其是文章的首

18、段末句及末段末句，因为“开门见山”与“结尾总结”的写作方式较为常见。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，点出本文将探讨的内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式进行呈现。首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义，如果它是文章的主题句，就可以让读者迅速明确文章情节将如何展开，并对文章的写作主题有整体的了解。如果首段的末句不是主题句，则需要继续寻找。这时，可以考虑文章的写作方式是否为“结尾总结”式，如两者均可排除，则需在文章其他段落中寻找主题句，但要注意首段与末段的提示作用。2详读段落，敲定关键词，把握段落主旨文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落。各段落会根据整篇文章的写作主题展开，对文章

19、主体进行不同方面的描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词，明确其描述内容，为解段落主旨类试题做好铺垫。3利用写作线索、分析上下文语境，敲定选项在定位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的写作内容以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选的选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语意及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境，能否承接前后的写作线索，使文章无论在内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。一篇文章作为一个整体，是有其写作的线索与思路的，文章的写作线索与思路的连贯使文章的每个段落、每个句子甚至每个短语均融为一体，因此在定位选项时，尤其要注意文章的写作线索与思路。如果放入选项后，发现文章写作线索中断或是前后矛盾，应更换其

20、他选项。4代入已敲定选项，通读复检，确定答案在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语意是否连贯、合理，各段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否连贯、具有一致性并合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的选项是否正确。同时，考生还应注意对相近选项的对比分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近而具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要考生认真分析、仔细甄别、排除干扰，从而得出答案。典例(2018郑州一中高三测试)In the age of the keyboard, some people seem to think handwriting lessons are

21、on the way out.Steve Graham, a literacy professor at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee, has been hearing about the death of handwriting for the past fifteen years. _1_ He said, “If the results of a survey we have published this year are accurate, it is being taught by about ninety percen

22、t of teachers in grades one to three.”Ninety percent of teachers also say they are required to teach handwriting. _2_Professor Graham says one study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting. _3_ Others teach it for sixty to

23、seventy minutes a day.Many adults remember learning that wayby copying letters over and over again. _4_ Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught only with itself. Instead, they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas. _5_Teachers commonly report that about a q

24、uarter of their students have poor handwriting. Some people might think handwriting is not important anymore because of computers and voice recognition (识别) programs.AAfter all, that is why we write.BNowadays teachers pay more and more attention to their students writing.CSo is it still being taught

25、?DBut who cares if people know how to write well?EBut studies have yet to answer the question of how well they are teaching it.FTodays thinking is that short periods of practices are better.GHe says some teachers teach handwriting for ten to fifteen minutes a day.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了在电脑键盘时代，学校教授书法的现状研究。1解析根

26、据下文中的“it is being taught by about ninety percent of teachers in grades one to three”可知，空处应表示对是否要教学生书法的疑问，故C项符合语境。答案C2解析根据上文中的“If the results of a survey we have published this year are accurate, it is being taught by about ninety percent of teachers in grades one to three.”及空前一句可知，此处表示对研究结果的进一步分析，故E

27、项符合语境。答案E3解析根据下文中的“Others teach it for sixty to seventy minutes a day.”可知，此处表示其他老师教授书法的时间，所以G项符合语境。答案G4解析空处与上文的“Many adults remember learning that wayby copying letters over and over again.”形成对比，并与下文的“Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught only with itself.”呼应，此处讲述的是学书法的方法的今昔差异，故F项

28、符合语境。答案F5解析根据语境可知，空处承接上文的“Instead，they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas.”，此处表示表达想法正是我们练习书法的原因，所以A项符合语境。答案A二、紧握四个抓手，巧妙锁定答案1抓线索词在考场上，我们不必用大量的时间逐词逐句地读懂文章，这样会无形中浪费许多时间。在整体阅读文章的同时，我们应重点研究五个空的前后句，标出相同词、相近词、顺序词、代词、介词等线索词，然后在选项中查找相关的线索词。利用这些线索词寻找答案是很有效的解题方法。(1)抓代词典例1(2018广西贵港市

29、12月联考)The new design was well received by the reception staff of the hotel chain. _1_GThey all believe that its introduction has led to a modern, more professional corporate image and greater confidence among them.分析G选项中的they是一个复数人称主格代词，指代空格前的staff。staff是一个集合名词(全体员工)是一个复数概念。代词中有一类叫不定代词，常见的有：one，ever

30、yone，everybody, each，both，all，many，these，this等，特别要注意它们所指代的名词概念的单复数性质，考生如果对此比较敏感，对解题有很大帮助。(2)抓同义词、近义词典例2(2018甘肃省高台县第五次模拟)Laura Asheley made a fortune by looking back to past centuries, searching for old designs to decorate a variety of clothes and household furnishings _1_BThese traditional products

31、created a huge wave of demand from the States and elsewhere.分析空格前句中的old和B选项中的traditional是近义词，是很明显的同义的对应关系。(3)抓数词典例3(2018山西省祁县12月月考)A recent study by American management institute shows that processing of documents takes up 60% of office works time, 40% of labor costs and up 10% of business income. _

32、1_DThese figures are hardly surprising since documents convey ninetenths of all information.分析D选项中的these figures提示我们前句一定出现了大于等于三个数字，figure/number/data等都是表示“数字、数据”的意思，空格前面出现了三个百分数，属于数字的一种。2抓逻辑关联词英语的句、段之间经常会运用关联词表示过渡和衔接，使文章的思路更清楚、逻辑更连贯。语段的句际关系可分为并列、转折、因果、顺序等。阅读时关联词能帮助理清上下文的逻辑关系，把握文章脉络，进而准确、高效地答题。典例4(2

33、018内蒙古第九中学10月考)There is no doubt that, in an increasingly competitive trading environment, we are better equipped than ever to compete and to win and we feel increasingly optimistic. _1_EThis is due to our now having a clear strategy with a focus on the customer, product improvement and store refurb

34、ishment.分析E选项中有一个非常重要的形容词clear，这个词足以说明该公司的strategy (战略)是正确的，一家公司有着清晰而正确的战略思想当然会使其蒸蒸日上。空格前面一句正是讲的该公司踌躇满志，十分乐观。E项开头的This is due to反映出这样的因果逻辑关系。3抓篇章结构七选五阅读要抓篇章结构，把握全文脉络。语篇通常由段落构成，所以分析篇章结构包括两个层次，一是语篇层次，即段落层次；二是句际层次，即每个段落的内部层次，尤其是选项与前(后)句之间的逻辑关系等。典例5(2018广西南宁二中8月月考)Eartha Mac Keith was born into a poor,

35、rural family in south Carolina in nineteen twentyseven. _ Her mother was of African and Cherokee Indian ancestry. Her father was a white farmer.FSome reports say she was the child of rape.分析本段主要介绍艾萨凯特的家庭、出身等相关信息，F符合语境，因此答案是F。4抓主旨定位七选五阅读的体裁大多是说明文。根据试题的特点，在实际做题过程中，同学们不妨采用“先看选项定位含义再看正文仔细分析最后把选项与正文对应确定答

36、案”的模式。注意在选项中查找表示、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus, in short, to sum up, in a word等词语，选项中也可找到前文的同义词句。典例6(2018石家庄鹿泉一中3月月考)Parents control the supply lines._1_ Though kids may keep asking for less nutritious foods, parents should decide which foods are regularly provided in the house. Kids wont

37、 go hungry. Theyll eat whats available in the fridge at home.FYou decide which foods to buy and when to serve them.分析由该段标题Parents control the supply lines和文中的parents should decide. in the house可知F项内容符合此处语境，故选F。三、抓好易错分析，确保万无一失易错情形一因选项特征类似而致错典例1(2018宁夏育才中学期末考试) _1_ If youre a visual learner, using pic

38、tures can help. Auditory (听觉的) learners should record themselves saying notes and recite it afterwards. If you are a physical person, speak to yourself (out loud) while also using your hands or moving around.AStudy for your learning style.BStudy for what you are good at.CDont study when youre really

39、 tired.DIn fact, youll hardly remember anything.EThis way it will be easier for you to memorize.FFriends, family, tutors, and teachers are all good options.GSubjects such as history may require more information memorization.正确答案A失误分析AStudy for your learning style.BStudy for what you are good at.A项和B

40、项有相似的主语Study，根据后文内容If youre a visual learner; If you are a physical person可知如果你是视觉学习者，用图片来学习；如果你是爱动的人则可以使用手势，运动等来学习，所以按照自己的学习方式学习。名师密语学生在看到两个相似特征的选项时，要小心，仔细比对两个选项，结合空处所在的上下文语境和前后文的逻辑关系进行作答，切忌因先入为主而误选。易错情形二因忽略词汇衔接而失分典例2(2018保定三中10月三调)Keep a Shakespeare lexicon handy. A lexicon is a reference guide si

41、milar to a dictionary, except that it defines and explains word usage from different periods or regions _1_ATry to add the correct emotion.BListen to the way that the actors say the lines.CHis works were written for actors in a theater.DEnglish students hate him for the same reason.EIt will translat

42、e terms from middle to modern English.FRead the story itself in childrens version to get the main plot.GI regularly use Cliffnotes, Sparknotes and Pink Monkey for literary help.正确答案E失误分析本段讲学习莎士比亚作品先手边放一本莎士比亚词典，根据“explains word usage from different periods or regions”可知这种词典能解释不同阶段不同地域的词的用法，E项：它能翻译从中世

43、纪英语到现代英语的术语，符合本段内容，讲词典的特殊功能，故选E。名师密语英语词汇的衔接表现为词的复现。阅读七选五语篇的上下文语境中往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达等，甚至有时有相同词汇的重复使用，词汇衔接关系是我们解题很好的线索。易错情形三因忽略关键信息而失分典例3(2018河南新乡高三第三次模拟)Positive thinking. Im obviously a big approval of positive thinking as the best way to achieve your goals, but it turns out that it can lead to happine

44、ss too. Optimism and selfesteem are some of the best indicators of people who lead happy lives. Happy people feel energetic, in control of their lives, and have a positive attitude to life._4_ We have a human need to be close. Having good, supportive friendships, a strong, marriage or close and lovi

45、ng links with our family members will make us much more likely to be happy.AGood relationships.正确答案A失误分析我们首先从答案出发，对比各项只有A项适合作段落小标题；再从段落大意分析，整段都是在讨论友谊，婚姻等和我们息息相关的关系，所以A项完全符合，故4题选A。名师密语学生利用关键信息解题，要阅读各个空格的前后句，标记关键词；比较并匹配关键词，最终确定答案。易错情形四因忽略意义衔接而失分典例4(2018河北衡水七调)Not many of us make the connection between

46、 eating and our feelings. _2_ One of the biggest myths about emotional eating is that its caused by negative feelings. Yes, people often turn to food when theyre stressed out, lonely, sad, anxious or bored. But emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too, like the romance of sharing dess

47、ert on Valentines Day or the celebration of a holiday feast. Sometimes emotional eating is tied to major life events, like a death or a divorce.EUnderstanding what drives emotional eating can help people take steps to change it.正确答案E失误分析根据上句：我们中没有多少人会把吃和感觉联系起来。再根据空格下句“关于情绪化进食的一个最大的误区就是它是由负面情绪引起的”，可知此空与上句是一种转折关系，表达的意思是：但是，理解什么是情绪性饮食可以帮助人们采取措施来改变它，可知答案为E。名师密语学生在分析语篇段落层次时，要借助上下文、前后句间的语篇连接词来判断。学生也要真正理解文章的