高考英语语法总复习：主谓一致(附练习及答案).docx

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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date高考英语语法总复习：主谓一致(附练习及答案)高考英语语法总复习：主谓一致(附练习及答案)学员编号： 年 级： 高三 课 时 数： 3学员姓名： 辅导科目： 英语 学科教师： 授课类型C 主谓一致（语法一致）C 主谓一致（意义一致，就近原则）T 综合提升授课日期及时段教学内容一、专题引入 （4 mins）在正式上课之前，我们先来句子纠错，看看你是否细心，是否还记得我们之

2、前学过的知识。1. Both boys has their own hobbies.2. The class is busy writing English passages.3. Neither you nor I are wrong.每个句子都有一个错误，错误点在于句子谓语动词的使用上，你能找出来吗？ (校对答案：1. has- have 2. is are 3. are am 并请同学说明原因，考查这位同学是否掌握到位)二、专题知识梳理 （20 mins）知识点1：主谓一致三大考点知识点2：语法一致 主语单复数决定谓语动词的单复数形式，即主语是单数，谓语用单数，主语是复数，谓语用复数。

3、例句：Tow students are waiting for you in your office. 两名学生在办公室等你。 Both girl are interested in listening to music. 两个女孩都对听音乐感兴趣。情况例句1. 由连词and或 bothand连接的合成主语后面，用复数形式的谓语动词1. Lucy and Lily are twins.2. Both she and he are young pioneers.2. either/neither/each/every one/ one等+of+复数名词做主语时，用单数形式的谓语动词1. Each

4、 of us has a new book.2. Neither of the two brothers lives with his parents.3. One of the biggest cities in China is Shanghai.3. 不定代词做主语，用单数形式的谓语动词everybody, everyone, everything, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something, nobody, no one, nothing, the other, either, neither 等1. Nothing

5、 is difficult in the world if you set your mind to it.2. Everything is ready.3. Someone wants to see you.4. 动词不定式，动名词短语做主语时，用单数形式的谓语动词1. To design new machines is his job.2. Playing with fire is dangerous.5. 主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with, together with, along with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than

6、, more than, no less than, besides, including, in addition to等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数；若主语为复数，谓语动词也用复数形式。1. A woman with two children was seen walking down the street.2. The two boys with their mother were seen walking down the street.6. 由分数或百分数或a lot of, lots of, half of, the rest of, some of, most of, all o

7、f, (a) part of, half of + 名词 做主语时，谓语动词的形式与 of后面的名词的数一致1. Some students are planting tree. The rest of them are watering them.2. On the earth about 75% of the surface is covered with water.7. a number of “许多”，做定语修饰复数名词，谓语用复数形式；the number of “的数量”，主语是number，谓语用单数形式1. A number of trees are cut down.2.

8、The number of students in our class is 42.8. 表示成双成套的名词，如：trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes 等词做主语时，谓语用复数形式，但如果这些名词前有a(the) pair/ two pairs of 等量词修饰时，谓语动词要和pair的形式保持一致1. My glasses are broken.2. The pair of shoes under the bed is his.9. 在定语从句里，关系代词that, who, which 等做主语时，谓语动词的数与先行词的数一致1. They are my fr

9、iends who are working hard.2. He is the one of my friends who is workding hard.10. 在倒装句中，谓语动词的数与其后的主语一致1. There comes the bus.2. On the wall are many pictures.3. Such is the result.三、专题精讲 （4 mins）题型1：语法一致例1：Neither of them _ going to the cinema. Both of them _ going to the cinema.A. is ; are B. is ;

10、 is C. are ; was D. are ; is【详解】A. 此题涉及到主谓一致中语法一致的用法，涉及到知识点表格中第1和第2种情况，请再回顾以上知识点。例2：A number of students _ gone for an outing. The number of the students _ increasing year. A. have; has B. is; have C. has; have D. have; is【详解】A. 此题涉及到主谓一致中语法一致的用法，涉及到语法一致表格中第7种情况，请再回顾以上知识点。四、专题过关 （10 mins）检测题1：1. Som

11、e of the oranges _ turned bad. Some of the milk _ turned sour (酸).A. have; has B. have; have C. has; have D. have; is 2. There _ a pen, an ink bottle, and some books on it. There _ some bowls, plates and a spoon on it.A. is; are B. are; are C. are; is D. is; is 3. Either the judge or the lawyers _ w

12、rong. Either you or he _ to blame.A. is; are B. are; is C. are; are D. is; is 4. My blue trousers _ worn out. One pair of trousers _ not enough.A. is; are B. are; are C. is; is D. are; is 5. Our League secretary and monitor _ the lead in everything. Our League secretary and the monitor _ good friend

13、s.A. take; are B. take; is C. takes; is D. takes; are6. The girl as well as his parents _ a bike. Not only the students but also the professor _ surprised at Marys answer.A. have; was B. have; were C. has; was D. has; were7. Who _ the girl singing in the next room? Who _ these people over there?A. a

14、re; are B. are; is C. is; are D. is; is 8. Most of the students _ boys. Most of his money _ spent on books.A. are; is B. is ; is C. are; are D. is; are9. The policeman _ standing at the street corner. The police _ searching for him.A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is 10. The glasses _ mine.

15、That pair of glasses _ my brothers.A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is 【答案】1-5 A A B D D6-10 C C A C A【分析】同学需要特别注意的是语法一致，意义一致和就近原则知识点表格上的内容，需要熟记并运用。五、学法提炼 （2 mins）1、专题特点：主谓一致专题的知识点理解较易，但难点在于熟记表格中的每种情况，并能够熟练运用到做题当中去。2、解题方法：分类熟记知识点表格。3、分析事项：在考试中，主谓一致中的三个考点是混合出现的，同学必须熟练掌握三个考点各自的内容，以及熟记。建议课后对知识点

16、条目进行背诵。 一、专题引入 （1 mins） 上面我们复习了非谓语动词中语法一致的内容，接下来我们继续复习意义一致和就近原则的知识。二、专题知识梳理 （15 mins）知识点1：意义一致情况例句1. 有些集体名词既可以表示单数，又可以表示复数，这类集体名词作主语时，如果它们所表示的人或物是作为一个整体来理解，谓语动词用单数形式；如果作为若干个体来理解，则谓语动词用复数形式 这些词有：family, class, crowd, team, group等【注意】people，police等名词一般做复数用1. Class 4 is on the third floor.2. Class 4 ar

17、e studying in the classroom.3. The police are looking for the lost child.2. 主语是书名，片名，格言，剧名，报名，国名等的复数形式，谓语动词一般ongoing单数形式1. Gone with the wind is an interesting book.3. 表示“时间，重量，长度，价格”等的名词的复数做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式1. Thirty minutes is enough for the work.4. 一些学科名词以-ics 结尾，如：mathematics，politics，physics等，都属于形式

18、上是复数名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式1. Some teachers says that physics is difficult for students to study.5. “the+形容词”表类别、一类人或物，当它表示一类人时谓语动词用复数；当它表示一种抽象概念或品质，用单数1. The rich are not always happy.2. The beauty gives pleasure to all of us.6. 若and所连接的两个名次做主语，如果指同一概念（and后面无冠词）时，谓语动词用单数；反之，用复数1. The writer a

19、nd singer has come.2. The writer and the singer have come.7. 不定代词each/ every/ no + n. + and + each/ every/ no + n. 做主语时，谓语动词用单数 1. Every student and every teacher is in the room.8. 由more than a (an) （不止一个），many a (an) （许多）做定语修饰做主语的单数可数名词时，谓语动词用单数1. Many a way is been tried.2. More than a way is been

20、 tried.9. 表示数量的短语 “one and a half”后接复数名词做主语时，其谓语动词一般用单数形式1. One and a half apples is left on the table.10. what, who, which, any, more, all 等代词可以是单数，也可以是复数，主要靠句子意思来决定1. Which is your bag？2. Which are your bags?3. All is going well.11. 算式中表示数字的主语常做单数看待，谓语动词用单数形式1. Twelve plus eight is twenty.知识点2：就近原

21、则情况例句1. 当两个主语由 either or, neither nor, not only but also, not but 或or 连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主语一致1. Either the teacher or the students are our friends.2. Neither they nor he is right.2. there be 句型 be 动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致1. There are two chairs and a desk in the room.2. There is a desk

22、 and two chairs in the room.三、专题精讲 （6 mins）题型1：意义一致例1：All but one _ here just now. All that I want to say _ this.A. was; were B. was; is C. were; is D. were; were【详解】C. 此题涉及到主谓一致中语法一致和意义一致的用法，涉及到语法一致表格中第5种和意义一致表格中第10种情况，请再回顾以上知识点。例2：His family _ all very well. His family _ a “ five good” one.A. are;

23、 is B. is; is C. are; are D. is; are【详解】A. 此题考查意义一致的用法，涉及到意义一致表格中第1种情况，请再回顾以上知识点。题型2：就近原则例1：Not only I but Jane and Mary _ tired of having one exam after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be【详解】B. 此题考查就近原则的用法，涉及到意义一致表格中第1种情况，请再回顾以上知识点。例2：There _ nothing but two looms in the hall. There _ something wron

24、g with the machine.A. was; is B. was; are C. were; is D. were; are【详解】A. 此题考查就近原则的用法，涉及到意义一致表格中第2种情况，请再回顾以上知识点。四、专题过关 （15 mins）检测题1：1. The news at six oclock _ not true. Those pieces of news _ to be broadcasted.A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is 2. Grandpa Wang and his two grandsons _ takin

25、g a walk in the park now. Grandpa Wang, together with his two grandsons, _ taking a walk in the park now. A. are; are B. is; are C. is; is D. are; is 3. No one but Jane _ the secret. Nobody but Mary and I _ in the classroom at that time.A. know; was B.knows; was C. know; were D. knows; were4. He is

26、one of the boys who _ never late for school. He is the only one of the boys who _ never late for school.A. is; are B. are; are C. are; is D. is; is 5. What they have done _ of great use to us. What he says and what he does _ agree.A. is; not B.is; do not C. are; does not D. are; not6. Every picture

27、except these two _. Everything around us _ matter.A. have been sold; is B. have been sold; are C. has been sold; is D. has been sold; are7. A woman with two children _ coming up to us. Mary, along with her parents, _ moved to Paris.A. is; has B. is; have C. are; have D. are; has8. one sixth of our c

28、lassmates _ from peasant families. One fifth of her time _ devoted to writing.A. comes; is B.come; are C. come; is D. comes; are9. Only 10 percent of the students in the class _ League members. About 40% of Jims income _ to the rent (租金). A. are; goes B. are; go C. is; goes D. is; go10. The glasses

29、_ mine. That pair of glasses _ my brothers.A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is 【答案】1-5 A C D B D6-10 C C A C A【分析】同学需要特别注意的是语法一致，意义一致和就近原则知识点表格上的内容，需要熟记并运用。五、学法提炼 （3 mins）1、专题特点：主谓一致专题的知识点理解较易，但难点在于熟记表格中的每种情况，并能够熟练运用到做题当中去。2、解题方法：分类熟记知识点表格。3、分析事项：在考试中，主谓一致中的三个考点是混合出现的，同学必须熟练掌握三个考点各自的内容，以及熟记。

30、建议课后对知识点条目进行背诵。一、引入 （1 mins）上面我们学习了主谓一致的相关知识，那么接下来，我们开始训练英语考试中的综合题型，包括完型填空，阅读理解和短文改错。二、能力培养 （35 mins）题型1：完型填空综合题1 （例题） Do you know _1_ languages there are in the world? There are about 1500 but many of them are not very _2_. English is one of the most important languages because many people _3_ it,

31、not only in England and America, _4_ in other countries of the world. About 200,000,000 speak it _5_ their own language, and another 200,000,000 use it as _6_ language. It is _7_ to say how many people are learning it. _8_ boys and girls in schools are trying to do so. Many English children study Fr

32、ench. French is also a very important language. _9_ children study German, Russian, Japanese and Chinese. Which is the best _10_ to learn a language? We know that we all learnt _11_ language well when we were _12_. If we learn a second language in the _13_ way, it wont seem so difficult. What does a

33、 small child do? It_14_ what people say, and it tries to guess what it hears. When it wants something, it has to _15_ it. It is using the language, _16_ in it and talking in it all the time. If people use a second language _17_, they will learn it _18_. In school, you learn to read, to write, to hea

34、r and to speak. It is best to learn all new words through the _19_. You can read them, spell them and _20_ them later.1A. how many B. what number C. a lot ofD. so many2A. useful B. necessaryC. importantD. good3A. like B. useC. learnD. speak4A. but B. andC. alsoD. so5A. like B. withC. forD. as6A. for

35、eign B. a secondC. the secondD. a special7A. easy B. againC. difficultD. best8A. Millions of B. Million ofC. MillionsD. Several million9A. Some B. OtherC. AllD. Few10.A. time B. wayC. thingD. place11.A. a foreign B. our mothersC. othersD. our own12.A. born B. childrenC. grownD. boys13.A. same B. dif

36、ferentC. usefulD. good14.A. does B. saysC. listens toD. follows15.A. ask B. wantC. getD. ask for16.A. speaking B. writingC. thinkingD. doing17.A. some time B. sometimesC. all the timeD. for the time18.A. quickly B. soonC. freelyD. easily19.A. mouth B. handsC. earsD. minsd20.A. speak B. useC. loveD.

37、write【答案】1-5 ACBAD 6-10 BCAAB 11-15 DBACD 16-20 CCADD【分析】解答完型填空我们需要分析以下几个步骤：1. 第一遍浏览全文，了解文章大意2. 第二遍逐个解题，将自己会的题先完成3. 第三遍，将不会的题通过上下文来补全4. 最后，从开头再检查一遍题型2：阅读理解综合题2 （练习）From the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation. When children

38、are little we make them read aloud, before the teacher and other children, so that we can be sure they “know” all the words they are reading. This means that when they dont know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone. After having taught fifth-grade classes for four yea

39、rs, I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books, and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously. One day soon after school had started, I said to them, “Now Im going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before. I wou

40、ld like you to read a lot of books this year, but I want you to read them only for pleasure. I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not. If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it, thats enough for me. And Im not going to

41、ask you what words mean.” The children sat stunned and silent. Was this a teacher talking? One girl, who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time, looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished. Then, still looking at me, she said slowly and seriously, “Mr. Ho

42、lt, do you really mean that?” I said just as seriously, “I mean every word of it.” During the spring she really astonished me. One day, she was reading at her desk. From a glimpse of the illustrations I thought I knew what the book was. I said to myself, “It cant be,” and went to take a closer look.

43、 Sure enough, she was reading Moby Dick, in the edition with woodcuts. I said, “Dont you find parts of it rather heavy going?” She answered, “Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part.” This is exactly what reading should be and in school so seldom is - an exciting,

44、joyous adventure. Find something, dive into it, take the good parts, skip the bad parts, get what you can out of it, go on to something else. How different is our mean-spirited, picky insistence that every child get every last little scrap of “understanding” that can be dug out of a book.1. According to the passage, childre