(仁爱版)英语七年级下册知识点归纳(1).doc

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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date(仁爱版)英语七年级下册知识点归纳(1)七年级下册各个话题知识要点 （仁爱版）英语七年级下册知识点归纳Unit 5 Topic1 重点语法一般现在时（常与频度副词never, seldom, sometimes, often,usually, always等连用）重点句型 How do you usually come to school? I usually com

2、e to school by subway. How often do you go to the library? Once/Twice/Three times a week/Very often/Every day/Sedom重点详解1.I always come to school by bus. by+交通工具名称，表示使用某种交通方式，中间不加限定词，如果交通工具前有a, the, my 等限定词，就不能用by,而是用in或是on. on the train=by train on his bike=by bike in my car=by car. 巧辩异同on foot 与 wa

3、lk on foot “走路”，是介词短语，不能作谓语，只作方式状语，位于句末。walk “走路”,是动词，可以作谓语。go toon foot= walk to I often go to school on foot. =I often walk to school. 同样，go to.by bike = ride a bike to go to. by car = drive a car to go to by plane = fly to go to by bus = take a bus to2 .Come on! Its time for class. come on “快点，加油

4、，来吧”。Its time for sth. “该做某事了”，与 Its time to do sth.意思一样。3 .look的短语 look the same看起来一样look like看起来像 look for寻找 look after 照顾4 .do my homework at school 在学校做作业do ones homework 做家庭作业（注意：ones 要随主语的变化而变化，常用形容词性物主代词my, your, their, our, his, her等）。5 .know about “了解，知道关于”。6 巧辩异同 a few与few a few “一些”，few“很

5、少，几乎没有”，修饰可数名词。a little与littlea little“一些”，little“很少，几乎没有”，修饰不可数名词。7 .go swimming 去游泳 and so on “等等”，表示还有很多。go+v.-ing 表示去做某事，类似的有: go fishing 去钓鱼 go shopping 去买东西 go boating 去划船 go skating 去滑冰8 How often do you go to the library?你多久去一次图书馆？ how often“多久一次”，问频率。回答常用频度副词never, always,often等或单位时间内的次数：on

6、ce a week一周一次 twice a month每月两次three times a year每年三次语法讲解 一般现在时一般现在时表示：（1）现在所处的状态。Jane is at school.简在学校。（2）经常或习惯性的动作。I often go to school by bus.我经常坐公共汽车去学校。（3）主语具备的性格和能力。He likes playing football.他喜欢踢足球。（4）客观真理。The earth goes round the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 常用的时间状语：often, always, usually, sometimes, every

7、day等等。 行为动词的一般现在时，助动词是do/dont和does/doesnt. 1.当主语是第一、二人称和所有复数形式时，行为动词用原形。 肯定式：I go to school on foot. 否定式：I dont go to school on foot. 疑问式：Do you go to school on foot? Yes, I do. No, I dont. 2.当主语是第三人称单数时，动词用第三人称单数形式，在词尾加-s或-es。 肯定式：He goes to work by bus. 否定式：He doesnt go to work by bus. 疑问式：Does he

8、 go to work by bus? Yes, he does. No, he doesnt.Topic2重点语法现在进行时态。重点句型What are you doing? He is cleaning the dormitory. Are you doing your homework? Yes, I am./No, I am not. How long can I keep them? Two weeks.重点详解1 at the moment“此刻，现在”,相当于now.2 巧辩异同go to sleep与go to bed go to bed“上床”“就寝”I often go t

9、o bed at ten. go to sleep“入睡”“睡着”Last night I went to sleep at two oclock.3 巧辩异同some, a few 与a little“一些，有些”三者都修饰名词。some既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词。We want some apples and some water.a few用在可数名词复数之前，a little用在不可数名词之前。There are a few books and a little water in the classroom.4 与how相关的短语how often多久how many多少

10、how much多少钱 how old多大5 And you must return them on time.你必须按时归还它们。Return意为“归还，回归” return sth. to sb.把某物归还某人=give back sth. to sb. return to“回到”，相当于come back to6 Maria and a girl are talking at the lost and found. talk“交谈”，常用的短语talk to/with sb.“与某人交谈”巧辩异同talk, say, speak与tell (1) talk“交谈”，表示通过谈话方式交换意

11、见、消息等。 (2) speak“说话”，强调开口发声，后常接某种语言。 (3) say “说”，强调所说的话的内容。 (4) tell“告诉”，有时兼含“嘱咐”“命令”等。tell a truth说真话，tell a lie说谎, tell a story 讲故事等固定搭配。7.I cant find my purse and I am looking for it. look for“寻找”，强调寻找的过程； find“找到”强调找的结果。8 .look(at), see与 read look(at)指看的动作，see指看的结果，read常指看书、看报纸等。9 .Here are some

12、 photos of his.这有他的一些照片。 photos of his是双重所有格。his是名词性物主代词，后还可以接名词所有格。 a friend of mine我的一个朋友 a classmate of my brothers我弟弟的一个同学10 .I also want to go there one day.我也希望有一天到那儿。 also意为“也”，常用于be动词和情态动词后面，实义动词的前面。 巧辩异同 also与tooalso放在句中，too用于句末。语法讲解 现在进行时1.现在进行时表示：现在正在进行或发生的动作。2.常用的时间状语：now, at the moment,

13、 look, listen等。3.谓语动词构成：be(am/is/are)+v.-ing形式。4.现在进行时态的肯定、否定和疑问式。（1）肯定式：I am running. You are running. He/She is running.（2）否定式：Im not running. You arent running. He/She isnt running.（3）一般疑问句及回答：Are you running? Yes, I am./No, I am not.Is he/she running? Yes, he/she is./ No. he/she isnt.Topic3 重点语法

14、一般现在时和现在进行时的使用和异同。重点句型 What day is ti today? Its Wednesday. Why do you like it? its easy and interesting. What class are they having? They are having a music class.重点详解1 询问星期几用What day？回答：Its Wednesday/Sunday。与特殊疑问句词what有关的短语：what class什么班 what color什么颜色what time几点 what date几号（日期）2 .How many+可数名词的复数

15、形式；How much+不可数名词。3 .一个星期的第一天是Sunday, 在星期几前用介词on,在具体点钟前用at.4 .learning about the past了解过去learn about了解 拓展learn from向学习learn by oneself自学5 What do you think of ? = How do you like?你认为怎么样？6 Why? Because its interesting. 用why提问必须用because回答。7 Which subject do you like best?你最喜欢什么科目？like best最喜欢，可用favori

16、te“特别喜爱的”转换。8 be friendly to sb.= be kind to sb. 对某人友好9 I can learn a lot from it.我能从中学到很多东西。 (1) learnfrom“从学习”。 (2) a lot = much“许多”，后接宾语时要说a lot of 也可以表示“非常，十分”。Unit6 Topic1 重点讲解1 Its on the second floor.在哪一层楼，用介词on。on表示在上面。second是序数词，前面要用定冠词the, 意为第二（的）。 巧辩异同 two与secondtwo是基数词，second是序数词，“第二”或“第

17、二的”，指排列顺序。2 in 在里面，是方位介词。in the box in the classroomIs there? 表示某地存在吗？其肯定回答是：Yes, there is. 否定回答No, there isnt.它的复数形式为Are there? 其肯定回答是：Yes, there are. 否定回答No, there arent.3 巧辩异同 there be与 have(1) there be“有”，指（某地）存在“有”。(2) have“有”，指人或某物“拥有”。The is a dog in the picture. The dog has two big eyes.注：th

18、ere be 遵循就近原则。be 用is还是are，取决于离该动词最近的那个名词。如果该名词是单数或不可数名词就用is，如果是复数就用are。4 have a look看看。后面接名词时要用at. 如have a look at your watch.5 talk about“谈论，议论”，后接名词或动名词。 talk with/to “与某人交谈”6 用来询问某地有某物，其结构为：Whats+介词短语，回答时应用there be句型。7 play with“和玩耍”，“玩” play with sb.“与某人一起玩”8 put away 把放好9 look after“保管，照顾”，相当于t

19、ake care of. look at看 look like看起来像 look for寻找 look the same看起来一样10 巧辩异同in the tree与on the tree (1) in the tree 指外来物体在树上。(2) on the tree树木本身长出来的花、树叶等。11 巧辩异同like doing与like to do like doing 表示经经常性或习惯性的兴趣、爱好。与love doing相似。 like to do 表示偶尔的、一次性的喜欢。与love to do相似。12 Im very glad to get a letter from you

20、.我很高兴收到你的来信。 get a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信hear from sb. Topic2 重点讲解1 house with three bedrooms.有三间卧室的房子。with “有，带有”。 With还可以意为“和（某人/某物）在一起”2 apartment for a family of two.适合两口之家的公寓。 (1) for表示“给”表示目的或功能。后接物主代词或名词，但通常带s.或者后接表示无生命物体的名词。Here is a letter for you. (2)of的含义为“属于某人/某事物”。She is a friend of Li

21、lys. = Shes is Lilys friend.3 a lot of = lots of许多 后接可数名词，相当于many；后接不可数名词，相当于much,用于肯定句中；但是注意：如果是否定句，刚常用many或much.4 far from 离远，远离 not far from 离.不远语法讲解 There be（表示“有”）用法1.“There + be+主语+地点状语”表示“某处有某物”；地点状语也可放在句首，有时可用“，”与后面的部分隔开。There are some pictures on the wall.=On the wall, there are some pictur

22、es.在墙上有一些图片。2.它的疑问形式是将“be”提到“there”之前。 Are thery any books on the desk?3. 它的否定形式是在“be”后加“not”.4. There be如果后面接两个名词作主语，那么“be”的人称和数与邻近的名词一致。Topic3 重点讲解1 go up “沿着走”与它相近的词有go along/down2 get to 到达，后接地点名词 get to =reach=arrive in/at 与get有关的短语： get in 收获 get on上车 get off下车 get out出去 get out of从出来 get up起床

23、3 across from 在对面4 Its good to help children and old people to cross the road.帮助孩子和老人过马路是一种助人为乐的行为。Its good to do sth.做某事是助人为乐的行为。5 on the corner of = at the corner of “在拐角处”，表示在某一地方或建筑物外面的拐角处。in the corner of 表示在某一建筑物内的拐角处。 6 有关come的短语 come to 来到 come form来自于 come on 加油，赶快 come in 进来 come out 出来 come down下来 come back回来-