英语语法：被动语态及练习(附答案).docx

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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date英语语法：被动语态及练习(附答案)英语语法：被动语态及练习(附答案)英语中的被动语态及练习一、被动语态的基本形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：1) am/is/are +done (过去分词)一般现在时Visitors _(request) no

2、t to touch the exhibits.2）was/were done 一般过去时I _(give) ten minutes to decide which I should choose.3）has /have been done现在完成时All the preparations _ (complete).4）had been done过去完成时By the end of last year, another new gym _ (complete) in Beijing.5）am/is /are being done现在进行时A new cinema _ (build) here6

3、）was/were being done 过去进行时A meeting _ (hold) when I was there.7）shall/will be done一般将来时Hundreds of jobs _ (lose) if the factory closes.8）should/would be done 过去将来时The news _ (send) to the soldiers mother.9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时The project _ (complete) before July.10） should/would have been

4、 done 过去将来完成时He told me that his new clothes _ (make) very soon.2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词be过去分词。The baby should _ (take) good care of by the baby-sitter.2) 在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear,等后面不定式作宾语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。Someone saw a stranger walk into the build

5、ing. ?3.非谓语动词的被动语态: v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态。I dont like _ (laugh) at in the public.I dont want _ (laugh) at in the public.4. It is said that+从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“Itis/was过去分词that从句”或“主语be过去分词to do sth.”。有：It is said that 据说,It is repor

6、ted that据报道，It is believed that大家相信，It is hoped that大家希望，It is well known that众所周知，It is thought that大家认为，It is suggested that据建议。It is said that the boy has passed the exam./ The boy is said to have passed the exam.二、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义1. 英语中有很多动词如lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其

7、主动形式 表达被动意义,主语通常是物。This kind of cloth washes well.注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。试比较：The door wont lock （指门本身有毛病）The door wont be locked.（指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因）2. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, look,smell常以主动形式表示被动意义。Your reason sounds reasonable.三、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义1 在need，want，

8、require等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。The house needs repairing（to be repaired）这房子需要修理。2形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。The picture-book is well worth reading（The picture-book is very worthy to be read）3. 在too to结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。This book is too expensiv

9、e (for me) to buy.Exercises:1. It is said that a new robot _by him in a few days.A) designed B) has been designedC) will be designed D) will have been designed2. She will stop showing off if no notice_ of her.A) is taken B) takes C) will be taken D) has taken3. Diamond _in Brazil in 1971.A) is found

10、 B) has been found C) was found D) had been found4. “Have you moved into the new flat?” “Not yet. The room_.”A) has been painted B) is painted C) paints D) is being painted5. My pictures _until next Friday.A) wont develop B) arent developedC) dont develop D) won t be developed6. Tim _since he lost h

11、is job three weeks ago.A) had been unemployed B) was unemployedC) has been unemployed D) has unemployed7. Ill push the car to the side of the road because we _if we leave it here.A) would be fined B) will be finedC) will being fined D) will have been fined8. I found a bottle _dropped on the floor of

12、 Davids room.A) was B) had C) had been D) is9. You ought to have put the milk in the refrigerator. Now _ sour.A) I smell B) it is smelt C) it smells D) it is smelling10. I think much attention _your pronunciation.A) must be paid to B) ought to be paidC) must pay to D) should paid to11. I dont rememb

13、er _the chance to try this method.A) having been given B) to have been givenC) having given D) to have given12. The construction of the lab _by the end of next month.A) must be completing B) must have been completedC) will be completing D) will have been completed13. As we approached the work site, the workers were seen _the new house.A) building B) build C) built D) to build14. The composition _ any more.A) need not to be corrected B) doesnt need to be correctedC) doesnt need be corrected D) need not correctKeys:CACDD/CBCCA/ADAB-