TOEIC备考109句型精简版(托业考试语法不可多得的学习资料).doc
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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-dateTOEIC备考109句型精简版(托业考试语法不可多得的学习资料)1 TOEIC 备考109句型精简版 1.直接问句: 疑问词 + 助V + S .? 问句动词要移到主词前间接问句:S + V + 疑问词 + S + (助V) + V. 间接问句不是问句* 他什么时候要走? 我不知道他什么时候要走。 When will he go? I dont know when h
2、e will go.2.直接问句: 助V + S + .? 也就是要用Yes或No回答的问句间接问句:S + V +whether + S + (助V) + V.if*你能不能来呢? 你能不能来没关系。 Can you come (or not)? It makes no difference whether you can come (or not).3. Do + S + V + 疑问字 + S + V ? 询问重点为”Do + S + V” 疑问字+ do + S + V + 疑问字 + S + V ? 询问重点为” 疑问字”* A: Did you tell me who she wa
3、s? B: Yes, I did. A: 你有没有告诉过我她是谁? B: 有啊,我告诉过你了。 * A: Who did you tell me she was? B: She is my sister.A: 你告诉过我她是谁来着? B:她是我妹妹。4. 你认为.如何? .如何? .好不好? (建议去做某事) How about + O ? What about + O ? What do you say to + O ? O 要用名词或Ving. What do you think of + O ? Lets + V , shall we? * 去散散步好不好? How about (tak
4、ing) a walk? = What about (taking) a walk? = What do you say to (taking) a walk? = What do you think of (taking) a walk? = Lets take a walk , shall we?5. 一.就.;如果.就. 命令句 and S + V. = If S + V , S + V. * 一动你就没命。 Stir and you will be a dead man. = If you stir , you will be a dead man.6. .否则.;如果不.就. 命令句
5、 or S + V. = If S . not + V , S + V. = Unless S + V , S + V. * 穿上外衣,否则你会着凉的。 Put on a coat, or youll take cold. = If you dont put on a coat, youll catch cold. = Unless you put on a coat, youll get a cold.7. 多么.啊!(感叹句) How + 形 + ( a + n.) 副 ( S + V ). 感叹句不是问句 What + (a) + (形) + n. * 多么美的夜色啊! * 这些男孩好丑
6、啊!How beautiful a night (it is)! How ugly the boys are!= What a beautiful night (this is)! = What ugly boys (they are)! 8. 与现在事实相反的假设 If S + were . , S + would, could + V 过去式V might, should * 要是我现在有翅膀,我要飞到美国。 If I had wings, I would fly to you.9. 与过去事实相反的假设 If S + had + pp . , S + would, could + hav
7、e + pp. might, should * 要是那时这鞋子我合穿的话,我就买了。If these shoes had fitted me, I would have bought them.10. 与未来事实相反的假设 If S + were to + V . , S + would, could + V. might, should * 即使明天太阳从西边升上来,我也不会做这样的事。Even if the sun were to rise in the west tomorrow, I would not do such a thing.11. 未来表万一 If S + should +
8、 V . , S + would, should . + V. will, shall . *万一这次失败了,我会再试一次。 If I should fail this time, I will(would) try again.12. 不确定的未来 If S + V现在式 . , S + shall, will + V can , may *如果明天天气好,我们就去野餐。 If it is fine tomorrow, we will go on a picnic.13. 不能实现的愿望 + S + 过去式V 现在不可能的希望 I wish + S + had + pp 过去已不可能的希望
9、Would that should If only + S + would + V 未来不可能的希望 could* 我要是一只鸟该多好。 I wish I were a bird. 我真希望你那时告诉我真相就好了。 If only you had told me the truth. 但愿明天我能跟你一起去就好了。 Would that I could go with you tomorrow.* I hope you can help me. 我希望你能帮我。 可能实现 I wish you could help me. 要是你能帮我就好了。 不可能实现14. 祝福.的用法 I wish +
10、 S + may + V May + S + V I wish + 人 + 事物 (I wish) + 事物 + to + 人 * 祝你成功。I wish you may succeed. = May you succeed. = I wish you success. = (I wish) success to you. 15. 假设法if的省略 were Were If S + had + . Had + S + . should Should * 我们不会失败的,要是失败,后果将如何呢?Were we to fail, what would happen? (= If we were t
11、o fail, .) 要不是我早知道她的名字,当时我就糗了。 Had I not known her name, I would have been embarrassed. (If I had not known .) 万一下雨,我们就不去了。 Should it rain, we would not go. (If it should rain, .)16. 要不是.,. But for + O Without + O , S + V假设法. If S + not + V假设法 * 要不是有太阳,我们根本就无法生存。 But for the sun, we couldnt live at
12、all. = Without the sun, we couldnt live at all. = If it were not for the sun, we couldnt live at all. = Were it not for the sun, we couldnt live at all.17. 该是.的时候了。 It is(high) time + S +过去式V wasshould + V * 该是我们上床睡觉的时候了。 事实上还没睡 It is (high) time we went to bed. = It is time we should go to bed. = I
13、t is time for us to go to bed.18. .好像是.(其实不是) S + Vas ifS + V假设法as though * 你看起来好像死了。 You look as if you were dead.19. n.命令、建议、要求、坚持 的 adj. + that S + (should) + 原形V v. * 她父亲坚持她要跟那人结婚。 Her father insisted that she (should) marry that man. *此类V.如:suggest, order, demand, command, insist, propose, . *其
14、实只要有命令、建议、要求、坚持意味的字,不论是名词、动词、形容词,其所接子句中的动词都该用原形、或 ”should + 原形V”。 It is necessary that he take the exam. 他必须参加考试不可。20. cannot . too 越越好;再也不为过 * 交友要越小心越好。 We cannot be too careful in choosing friends. = You can never be over careful in choosing friends. = One can hardly be careful enough in choosing
15、friends.21. all all both not = not both 不都(部分否定) every every * 人不都诚实。 比较:* 人都不诚实。 All men are not honest. No man is honest.= Not all men are honest. = All men are dishonest.22. that .not + V 否定字 + but .+ V 没有不 without + O. * 没有人不爱自己的孩子。There is no one but loves his own child.= There is no one that d
16、oes not love his own child.= There is no one without loving his own child. = Everyone loves his own child.23. to + V not + Ving 不 (不定词、分词、动名词的否定都是在前面加not) pp. * 他试着不再想她。 * 没办法帮他忙,我就离开了。 He tried not to think of her. Not being able to help him, I just left. 24. No + n. 禁止;反对;不准Ving* 非公莫入。 *禁止停车。No ad
17、mittance except on business.No parking.25. There is no + Ving 不可能;没有人能 = It is impossible to + V* 简直不知道会发生什么事。 There is no telling what may happen.= There is no way of telling what may happen.= It is impossible to tell what may happen. = No one can tell what may happen.26. not only A but (also) B 不但
18、A而且B B才是重点,所以动词与B一致= B as well as A * 不但怪你,也怪你的朋友。 Not only you but also your friend is to blame.= Your friend as well as you is to blame. 27. not A but B 不是A而是B= B not A * 我感兴趣的不是化学,而是物理。 What I am interested in is not chemistry, but physics.= What I am interested in is physics, not chemistry.28. 人
19、 + be above +Ving耻于;不屑n. * 她不屑发问。 She is above asking questions.29. the last + n. 最不可能的;再怎么说也不会的 *他是最不可能出卖你的人。(他再怎么说也不会出卖你) He will be the last person to betray you.30. fail to + V 未能 never fail to + V 一定;务必= be unable to + V = V + without fail * 他未能实时到达。 *我一定会守信。 He failed to arrive in time. I neve
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