中国城市化进程的生态环境保证-外文资料(已翻译).doc

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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date中国城市化进程的生态环境保证-外文资料(已翻译)The eco-environmental guarantee for ChinasThe eco-environmental guarantee for Chinasurbanization ProcessSustainable development of human society is decided by th

2、e natural property and the sustainable development of urbanization cannot leave the effective safeguard of natural resource and the ecoenvironment(Jin，2004)Along with the increasing of natural resources shortage and egoenvironmental problemsThe eco-environmental guarantee and its change receive much

3、 attention and become a hotspot of researchAt present，a growing number of research achievements in this field are mainly focused on three aspects：the ecological carrying capacity research，the ecological footprint research and the eco-security assessmentCarrying capacity ， a physical quantity concept

4、 at first，now has already developed as ecological carrying capacity and become the most commonly used concept to describe the limitation of resources and environment(Huang 2006)Millington et a1(1973) calculated the Australias land resource carrying capacity with the multigoals decision-making analys

5、is method，Rijiberman took the carrying capacity as an important measuring standard to reflect the citys water resources safeguard when he studied the citys water resource management appraise and management system，Slesser (1990) proposed the ECCO model which can determine the regional development opt

6、imal plan by simulating the elastic relations between the population and the resources carrying capacity under different development strategies，and Gao and Sun(2000)calculated the Chinas land resource carrying capacity and thought that Chinas land resource call guarantee a population of 1.76 billion

7、 at leastThe ecological footprint method proposed by Willian Rees and M Wachernagel in 1992 can reveal the relationship between human resources consumption and eco-environmental carrying capacity and clearly define the sustainable development condition of city ecosystem (Jiang，2005)In 2002 Wackernag

8、el et a1(1999) calculated the ecological footprints of nearly all countries and regions in the world and the result indicated that in 1999 the humans ecological footprints had already exceeded the earth carrying capacity by 20In regional scale，Fricker(1998)，Bicknell(1998) and Van et a1(2000)separate

9、ly calculated the ecological footprints of New Zealand，Benin，Bhutan and Holland and Xu et a1(2003) did the same calculations of China and majority of provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities) in 1999From 1994，the research turned to study the ecological footprints of urban region 中国城市化进程的生态环境保

10、证 人类社会可持续发展的自然属性决定了城镇化和农业的可持续发展离不开有效的自然资源和生态环境的保障，2004年(金)。随着自然资源短缺和生态环境问题加重。生态环境保障和它的变化得到充分重视，并成为研究的热点。目前，在这一领域的研究成果越来越多，主要集中在三个方面：生态承载力的研究，生态足迹的研究和生态安全评价。承载能力，最初是一种物理量场的概念，现在已经发展为生态承载能力，成为最常用来描述有限的资源和环境的概念(黄2006)。米灵顿等人(1973)用多目标决策分析方法计算了澳大利亚的土地资源承载力，Rijiberman以此作为衡量承载能力的一项重要标准，当他研究城市的水资源管理评价和管理制度时

11、以反映城市的水资源保障，Slesser（1990）所提出ECCO模型，该模型可以根据模拟人口和资源之间的承载能力，确定在不同的发展策略下弹性关系的最佳区域发展规划，高和孙(2000)通过计算中国土地资源承载力的研究，认为中国的土地资源要求至少保障17.6亿人口。在1992年Willian Rees 和 M Wachernagel通过生态足迹方法，揭示了人力资源消费与生态环境承载力之间的关系，明确界定了可持续发展条件下的城市生态系统(江，2005)。在2002年Wackernagel 等人(1999)计算了几乎所有的世界各个国家和地区生态足迹，结果表明：在1999年人类的生态足迹已经超过了地球承载能力的20%。在区域范围内，弗里克（1998年）、比克内尔（1998）和范(2000)等分别计算出了的新西兰、贝宁、不丹、荷兰的生态足迹。在1999年，徐等人(2003)对中国的大部分省(自治区、直辖市)做了同样的计算。从1994年，研究转向研究城市地区的生态足迹。-