Book8-Unit2-Cloning---Grammar.ppt

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1、Page 2I. Look at these sentences.What kind of clauses are they?The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. 多莉看来是正常地生长着的事实很令人鼓舞。多莉看来是正常地生长着的事实很令人鼓舞。 Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. 接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。Page 3II. Find out the two factors

2、 of a clause. The fact that she seemed to develop normally Position位置位置： Relationship关系关系： the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. Position位置位置： Relationship关系关系：从句在名词从句在名词fact之后之后说明说明fact的具体内容的具体内容在名词在名词news之后之后说明说明news的具体内容的具体内容Page 4III. Conclude the definition of the appositive

3、clause. 在复合句中用在复合句中用作作同位语同位语的从句的从句叫叫同位同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种一种，一般跟，一般跟在某些名词之后在某些名词之后，用以，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容说明该名词表示的具体内容。Page 51) What he wants to do is not clear. 2) I have no idea where he is. 3) The trouble is that we dont have enough money. 4) I want to know whether he will come.Ex 1: Wh

4、at kind of clauses are they?主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句Page 6nIV. Sum up the nouns before the appositive clause. 同位语从句中所修饰的名词有：同位语从句中所修饰的名词有：fact, news, idea, hope , question, problem, suggestion, plan, thought , doubt, truth , belief , promise, order，information，等等抽象抽象名词名词。Page 7 Dear Miss G

5、an, My friends told me a plan that they would held a party tomorrow. But there is a doubt whether I am free. I have no idea how I can refuse their invitation politely. Could you give me some suggestions? Yours sincerely, Kate Ex. 2 : Find out the appositive clause.Page 8V. Analyze the appositive cla

6、uses in the letter and sum up the structure and the connective words in the clause. 同位语从句的结构： n.+连接词连接词+陈述句陈述句Page 9陈述句陈述句一般疑问句一般疑问句特殊疑问句特殊疑问句that ( 不可以省略不可以省略)whether“是否是否”（不用（不用if）代词代词:what, who, whom, whose, which; 副词副词: when, where, why,how Page 10Ex. 3 Complete the sentences. The news made us s

7、ad.that death toll in Chinaquake reached 10,000 Page 11I have no idea whether the Rockets will win the match.Will the Rockets win the match?Page 12I can answer the question when Dolly the sheep was born.When was Dolly the sheep born?Page 131.两种从句都位于两种从句都位于名词之后名词之后1.定语从句是修饰和定语从句是修饰和限制前面的名词；而限制前面的名词；而

8、同位语从句是说明名同位语从句是说明名词的具体内容。词的具体内容。Page 14 2. 定语从句和同位语从句有四个相同的引导定语从句和同位语从句有四个相同的引导词：词：that，when，where，why，但在两种，但在两种从句中的用法不同从句中的用法不同,下面把四个引导词分成下面把四个引导词分成两类说明两类说明:Page 15 1).引导词引导词that The news that you told me yesterday was really exciting We heard the news that our team had won (定语从句定语从句) that起连接作用起连接作

9、用; 指代指代先行先行词词; 充当充当句子句子成分成分; 作宾语时常省略。作宾语时常省略。 (同位语从句同位语从句) that起连接作用起连接作用; 不充不充当句子成分当句子成分; 不能省略。不能省略。Page 162)引导词when，where，why I will never forget the day when I worked in Yangxi There is a question when she came here (定语从句定语从句)when作时间状语，可以作时间状语，可以转换成转换成on which (同位语从句同位语从句) when作时间状语，作时间状语，意为意为“什么

10、时候什么时候”Page 17This is the house where I lived two years ago Do you have an idea where the boy is from?（定语从句）（定语从句）where作地点状语，作地点状语，可可以转换成以转换成in which（同位语从句）（同位语从句）where作地点状语，意为作地点状语，意为“哪里哪里”Page 18This is the reason why she was late for school today The teacher had no idea why Jack was absent (同位语从句

11、同位语从句) why作作原因原因状语，状语，意为意为“为什么为什么”(定语从句定语从句) why作原因状语，作原因状语，可以转换可以转换成成for whichPage 193. 选择引导词的步骤：选择引导词的步骤： 1.判断从句的类型（定语从句或同位语从句）判断从句的类型（定语从句或同位语从句） 2. 定语从句定语从句 同位语从句同位语从句 物或事物或事(主语、宾语主语、宾语) ： that时间状语时间状语: when地点状语地点状语: where原因状语原因状语: why陈述句：陈述句： that特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：when （什么时（什么时候）；候）；where（哪里）；（哪里）；wh

12、y （为什么）（为什么）Page 20Ex.4 Choose the best answer.1. They received orders _ the work be done right away. A. which B. that C. / D. when2.The reason _ he has to go is _ his mother is ill in bed. A, why ; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that ; becausePage 21VII. Homework1. Revise the appositive clause.2. Finish off the Ex.2 & 3 on Page 14.Thank you for your attention！