最新American Literature 1(共40张PPT课件).pptx

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1、 American LiteraturePart FourModern American Literature(1910-) 第一页，共四十页。Chapter 7 American literature after WWI第二页，共四十页。7.2 Sherwood Anderson (1876-1941) 第三页，共四十页。Sherwood Anderson第四页，共四十页。I. Life and Careero born in the countryside of Ohio, in the Middle West -one of seven children of a poor labore

2、r who eventually abandoned his family. ohad a few years of schoolingoworked at many jobs -as a factory worker, a house painter, a farm hand-and he ended up in Chicago where he married and became quite successful as a writer of advertisements第五页，共四十页。I. Life and CareeroWhile he wrote literature in hi

3、s spare time, he was encouraged by the leaders of Chicagos literary movement. oHe published his first two novelsthe first one a story based on his own fathers irresponsible life, the second a proletarian novel. oThey were received well enough so that Anderson could quit his job and spend his full ti

4、me writing. 第六页，共四十页。II. Literary WorksoWinesburg, Ohio (1919), his volume of short stories -It marked a radical change not only in the content but also in the form of the American short story -Because their happenings differed so in form from those of earlier fiction, many readers considered Anders

5、ons stories almost plotless.第七页，共四十页。II. Literary Works第八页，共四十页。II. Literary WorksoPoor White (1920) -a novel contrasted the harsh, dehumanizing advances of industrialization with the old, disappearing harmony of the countryside 第九页，共四十页。II. Literary Works第十页，共四十页。II. Literary WorksoThe Triumph of t

6、he Egg-his first collection of short stories -These stories all contained one central theme, which was the decaying of American society. -”Dark Laughter” idealized the life of Negroes in comparison with that of whites a romantic illusion of Andersons, for blacks were, in fact, oppressed as severely

7、as lower class than whites at that period.第十一页，共四十页。II. Literary Works第十二页，共四十页。II. Literary WorksoBeyond Desire-his most politically conscious novel -It described labor struggles in a southern textile mill during the Great Depression. 第十三页，共四十页。II. Literary WorksoDeath in the Woods-his final collec

8、tion of short stories, with broad, humanitarian themes 第十四页，共四十页。III. Writing StyleoAndersons style of writing appears simple, easy, almost conversational.o In fact, his stories were very carefully constructed, without plot, to seem more casual, more natural, closer to real life than to literary art

9、. 第十五页，共四十页。III. Writing StyleoAnderson wrote about lonely, sad people, deformed in their characters by frustrations imposed by their societies and environment. oHe showed how, in their struggles, they would clutch at some aspect of truth, but adopt a narrow, rigid view of it. oIn trying to live acc

10、ording to their narrow view of truth, unable to understand wider truths, they would become grotesque, thereby turning their small truths into falsehoods. 第十六页，共四十页。III. Writing StyleoBut Anderson felt compassion for such emotionally stunted people, who were the victims of modern existence, and he ma

11、de his readers fell sympathy for them, also. He made their strange behavior understandable, and exposed their inner sweetness or bitterness.第十七页，共四十页。III. Writing StyleoThe works of Anderson have obvious weaknesses as well. oFor one thing they are very uneven. -The best are among the eternal of Amer

12、ican literature, while the worst tend to be slipshod and defective in plot or dialogue or both. -Even his style is deficient so that it is ruthlessly parodied in Hemingways The Torrents of Spring. 第十八页，共四十页。Points of View Anderson is not much read today. It is true that he is now chiefly remembered

13、as the author of Winesburg, Ohio and a handful of stories like “I Want to Know Why,” “Death in the Woods,” and “The Egg”, but even this much is already enough to entitle him to a measure of immortality. 第十九页，共四十页。Points of ViewoWinesburg, Ohio, the book gave Anderson a foremost position in contempor

14、ary American letters. -oSomething between a novel and a collection of short stories, this book was a perfect example of Andersons fiction.第二十页，共四十页。 Points of ViewoThe stories abandoned traditional ideas of plot and story-telling in order simply to expose the characters who were repressed and frustr

15、ated by intolerable social and industrial systems. oIt was a totally new, untried way of writing.第二十一页，共四十页。Characteristics of His WritingoSince he felt that “the true history of life” was “the history of moments” and not a charted plan, events in his stories often are not arranged in well-defined a

16、nd completed patterns. Rather they seem to be the recording of events.第二十二页，共四十页。Characteristics of His WritingoInstead of telling a story about actions and events, he gave psychological insights into the characters, building up a growing intensity of emotion until the end of the story. 第二十三页，共四十页。I

17、V. Story: Sophistication Notes: 1.“Sophistication”: 成年(chngnin)选自安德森的短篇集俄亥俄州的温斯堡镇。2.of the figure the world: 他将在世界上扮演的角色3.The sadness to the boy: 成年的惆怅已经来到这少年的心头。4.in her presence to boast: 他当着她的面，一时冲动，吹起牛来。第二十四页，共四十页。IV. Story: Sophistication Notes: 5. At the Fair in his company: 在集市上，她倒乐于被人看见他和她做伴

18、。6. Im going to in life: 我要在人生(rnshng)中做出一番事业来。7. Old windbag: 吹牛的老混蛋8. sputter: 唾沫飞溅地说第二十五页，共四十页。IV. Story: Sophistication Notes: 9. “There is no one Helens breeding”: “这里没有人配和海伦这样教养好的姑娘往来(wngli)。”10. Waterworks Pond: 自来水厂蓄水11. the warmunthinking remembers: 热情、轻率的小家伙与思索和记忆作斗争。第二十六页，共四十页。IV. Story:

19、Sophistication Notes: 12. what there is is intensified: 他生性好回顾，这一性情(xng qng)愈来愈强烈了。13. sweated a dance floor: 挥汗奏乐，让年轻人的双脚在舞厅的地板上飞快地旋转。14. the spell that held them was broken: “spell”一词形容人们入神着迷的一种状态。此处指他们入神的状态被打破了。第二十七页，共四十页。IV. Story: Sophistication Questions:oSherwood Anderson was greatly interest

20、ed in psychology, the science of the mind that tries to explain why people act, think, and feel as they do. Reread the 5th paragraph, which describes the moment a boy “crosses the line into manhood.” o(a) How does this passage give you deeper insight into Georges mental confusion? 第二十八页，共四十页。IV. Sto

21、ry: Sophistication Answers:o(a) It explains what happens when an intelligent person views himself objectively for the first time. Up until this time George has believed his own boasts. When earlier he had bragged to Helen about what he would do and told her the sort of women she should become, he ha

22、d acted as a boy who believes all things possible. Now he senses the uncertainty of life, sees the life of a man as a moment in time, and for the first time is aware of the imminence of death. He seems cut off from the crowds around him, and is lonely. 第二十九页，共四十页。IV. Story: Sophistication Questions

23、:o(b) Would you agree that this passage also states the theme of “Sophistication”?第三十页，共四十页。IV. Story: Sophistication Answers:o(b) Yes. It explains the changes that occur when a boy becomes a man, or matures intellectually. 第三十一页，共四十页。IV. Story: Sophistication Questions and answers:oWhat circumstanc

24、es lead to George Willards new sense of maturity?第三十二页，共四十页。IV. Story: Sophistication Questions and answers:oHe is older and more experienced. The death of his mother has no doubt make him feel a greater sense of responsibility about his own future, and at the same time caused him to ponder the mean

25、ing and purpose and mystery of life. He is about to leave Winesburg to try to make a career for himself elsewhere.第三十三页，共四十页。IV. Story: Sophistication Questions : o(a) Although the story is focused on George, how does the author make you sympathize with Helen too?第三十四页，共四十页。IV. Story: Sophistication

26、 Answers:o(a) Helen in her own way feels what George feels. She leaves the young professor and her mother to search for George. She responds to his mood and actions. 第三十五页，共四十页。IV. Story: Sophistication Questions:o(b) How does Helen react to Georges new sense of maturity?第三十六页，共四十页。IV. Story: Sophis

27、tication Answers:o(b) She seems to know instinctively what his needs are. She understands his mood, senses that it implies a growing maturity, and is filled with respect. She is so keenly attuned to him that she senses the moment his mood changes, and they pelt down the hill together like children.第

28、三十七页，共四十页。IV. Story: Sophistication Questions:oDiscuss the implication of the last sentence of “Sophistication” both in relation to the story and to your own definition of maturity.第三十八页，共四十页。IV. Story: Sophistication Answers:oGeorge and Helen had shared the same feelings and so each had helped beat

29、 down in the other the loneliness that is a part of maturing. Maturity brings with it a feeling of the insignificance of the individual and of the uncertainty and limitations of life. The implication is that if one is to achieve maturity, he must be willing to accept these feelings. This George and Helen had done.第三十九页，共四十页。内容(nirng)总结American Literature。“Sophistication”: 成年(chngnin)选自安德森的短篇集俄亥俄州的温斯堡镇。此处指他们入神的状态被打破了第四十页，共四十页。