公共英语等级考试一级复习资料.doc

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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date公共英语等级考试一级复习资料反意疑问句反意疑问句一，定义：当我们陈述了一个事实，而又不是很有把握，就可以在陈述句后加一个简短问句，称为反意疑问句。例如: She is a teacher, isnt she? We are students, arent we?二，反义疑问句的结构结构一：前肯，+后否eg. He is a student, isnt he?结构二：前

2、否，+后肯eg. He isnt a student, is he?三，反义疑问句的做题步骤同学们看到反义疑问句时，一定要想到以下这两个步骤1， 判定。判断用肯定还是否定。（前面的句子中有否定词not, never, few, little, nothing的时候，后面用肯定：反之，则用否定）eg. He has never been to paris, has he ? She knows little English, does she?2， 找动词。(用于提问的动词有三种：be, do 和have。其中be 动词包括 am, is, are, was, were. Do包括do, doe

3、s, did. Have包括have 和has，had.)eg. She is a doctor, isnt she? (这里是be动词) She likes music, doesnt she? (这里是一般性的行为动词，用do的各种形式来提问)Mr. Smith has bought many books, hasnt he? (这里是have表示完成时态)注意：当看到have的时候。同学们一定要注意，当have表示“有”和“吃”的意思时，我们不用have，而是用do的各种形式。例如：She has a book, doesnt she? (有一本书) You have a good fr

4、iend, dont you？(有一个好朋友) He usually has dinner with his parents, doesnt he ?也就是说：当看到have+动词过去分词，表示完成时态的时候，用have或has 的形式提问。当have表示“有”和“吃”的意思时，我们用do的各种形式提问。名词一， 名词分为可数名词和不可数名词1， 只能修饰可数名词的词语有: many, many a(n), a good / great many, a (great / large) number of, scores of, dozens of2， 只能修饰不可数名词的词语有: much,

5、a great deal of, a great / large amount of3，既能修饰可数名词又能修饰不可数名词的词语有: a lot of, lots of, plenty of二，可数名词复数规则变化：1.一般情况加 s ： bookbooks，house-houses，girl-girls2.以 s, sh, ch, x结尾的加es ： class- classes, box-boxes, match-matches dishdishes3.辅音字母+ y结尾的变y为i加es： city-cities, country-countries , party-parties 4.以

6、 o 结尾的+es的情况： heroes, tomatoes, potatoes (有生命的)以 o 结尾+s的情况 ： radios, zoos, pianos , photos（无生命的）5.以fe 结尾的 变fe为v +es ： wifewives 不规则变化：manmen, womanwomen, toothteeth, footfeet, childchildren, mousemice单复数同行的有: sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese 合成词的复数形式, 两个词都变化. 例如： man teachermen teachers woman doctorwo

7、men doctors代词主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词I 我memyminemyselfYou你youyouryoursyourselfHe 他himhishishimselfShe她herherhersherselfIt 它ititsitsitselfWe我们usouroursourselvesYou你们youyouryoursyourselvesThey他们themtheirtheirsthemselves用括号中人称代词的适当形式填空： 1.Her sister is helping _（we）.2. John and I are in the same school.

8、_（we）go to school together.3.Everyone likes_(she)。 4. Danny gives the book to _ (you).5._ _(I) have many friends. Some of_（they）are good at English.6. Jim is English. _(I) like playing with _(he).7.I love _（they）very much.8.Miss Li often looks after_（she）. 9.They are waiting for_（they）.10.Do you lik

9、e Li Ming? No, _(I) dont like _(he).介词1,具体在哪一天用介词on 例如：在星期一 on Mondany, 在九月十号 on September 10th 2, 在哪一年用介词in例如：在2012年, in 2012; 在1999年, in 19993, 穿什么颜色的衣服用介词in例如：She is dressed in green today.4, 河上面有一座桥用介词overThere is a bridge over the river.（over 在什么上面，两个物体不接触）5，表示一段时间，介词for+时间例如：I have worked here

10、 for three years.6,about:关于 ；在前面: in front of被动语态一，英语中语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。（主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象)例如： She wrote the book. 她写了这本书(主动句) The book was written by her.这本书是被她写的（被动句）二， 被动语态的结构：be+动词的过去分词二， 被动语态的标志性单词：by 和with by引出动作的执行者；with引出行动使用的工具例如：He was killed by a robber.他被一个强盗杀死了。（这里b

11、y引出动作的执行者：robber） He was killed with a knife.他被人用刀杀死的。（这里with引出行动使用的工具：knife）11. English _ in Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken2. This kind of car _ in Japan.A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made3 Our room must _ clean.A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep54 Doctor

12、s _ _ in every part of the world.A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need 5. New computers _ all over the world.A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used 6 A new house _ at the corner of the road.A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building 数词一，基数词one two three four

13、five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve序数词first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth二，序数词的运用1.一般要加the表示顺序,theFirstLesson,theThirdFloor2.有限定词时，不用the,例如：ThisisLilyssecondpen.Itsourfirstlesson.Maryismyfirstteacher.三，dozen, hundred， thousand，million和billion1,当他

14、们前面有数字时，后面不加S, 例如：三打three dozen 三百three hundred 三千three thousand2,当他们后面有加S时, 后面通常要跟of, 例如：hundreds of 数以百计 thousands of 数以千计millions of 数百万 dozens of 几打主谓一致1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数；主语为复数时，谓语用复数。2、由and或bothand连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数但并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如：The poet and writer has come.3、

15、一些只有复数形式的名词，如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。4、集体名词family, class, team, group 等看作整体时，谓语动词用单数；看作每一个成员时，谓语动词用复数。 5、表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。6、由连词notbut, or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also,等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，则谓语动词按就近一致原则，与最靠近它的主语一致。7、There be句型、以here,there开头的句子,谓语动词和靠近的

16、主语一致。 8、 many a 单数名词 (许多) ；作主语，尽管意思是复数，但谓语动词还是用单数。Many a ship has been damaged in the storm.考查主谓一致的常见题型有单项选择，完型填空。做这类题时，必须找出句子的真正主语，然后根据记忆的知识作出判断。同时，要遵循三个原则：语法一致、意义一致和就近原则。1）How time flies! Ten years _ passed.A. have B. has C. is D. are2) Not only his parents but also his brother _to the Summer Pala

17、ce. They havent been back. A. have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone3）Either Jane or Steven _ watching TV now.A. were B.is C.are D. was4) There _ many new words in Lesson One. It is very easy. A. is B. arent C. isnt D. are5) The Olympic Games _ held every_ years. A. is，four B. are，four C. is

18、，five D. are，five6). Not only my brother but also I _ good at painting. Both of us _good painters. A. are.are B. am.are C. is.is D. are.is7).-Two months _ quite a long time.-Yes. Im afraid that he will miss a lot of lessons. A. is B. are C. was D. were8）. Many a professor _ looking forward to visiti

19、ng Germany now. Many scientists _ studied animals and plants in the last two years. A. is; have B. is; has C. are; have D. is; are 9）.Two hundred and fifty pounds _ too unreasonable a price for a second-hand car. A. is B. are C. were D. be词汇短语句型1.So do I 我也是2. There is something wrong with .出问题了3. W

20、hat do you think of .? 你认为怎么样？How do you think ? 你认为怎么样？ How do you like? 你认为怎么样？4. Help yourself 请自便5. 打电话时 问：Who is that speaking? 答：This is .speaking.6. 征求意见 问：Would you mind.? 答：Of course not.7. Would rather sb. do sth. 宁愿某人做某事8. The answer to the question 问题的答案 the key to the door 门的钥匙9How long

21、 多长 how much 多少（+不可数名词） how many多少（+可数名词）how often 多久一次（表示频率） how soon 多快10. go fishing 钓鱼 go shopping 逛街11. turn on打开 turn off 关掉 turn down调小，调低 turn up 开大（声音），出现12. look for寻找 find out找出 look at 看一看13. arrive in/ at 到达 arrive in+大地方 arrive at+小地方14. be good at擅长 be bad at不擅长 be good for 对有益 be bad

22、 for对有害15. on duty 值日 Im on duty today 今天我值日16. as soon as 一就17. catch up with 赶上 ，追上18. agree with sb 同意某人的意见19. get on well with 与和睦相处20. set up：创立，设立 put up：举起 抬起 pick up：拾起，捡起；无意间学会（一门语言）21. tooto 太以至于不能 She is too young to go to school.sothat 如此.以至于 She is so young that she cannot go to school.

23、形容词副词的比较级和最高级关于形容词副词，考试时就主要考比较级和最高级形容词比较级的用法“as +原级+as”She is as smart as you. “比较级+than”Jim is taller than Tom.比较级+and+比较级：越来越.bigger and bigger:越来越大 more and more difficult:越来越难Her work is getting better and better. 她的工作干得越来越好I become more and more forgetful as Im getting old.随着年龄的增长，我变得越来越健忘了。the

24、 +比较级+句子，the+比较级+句子. 越越The more you get, the more you want. 得到的越多，想要的就越多。The faster the air is moving, the stronger the wind is.空气流动地越快，风就越大。形容词比较级前可用much, a lot, far, a bit 等词修饰。例如： a lot better好多了 much taller高多了 much more comfortable 舒服多了也可以用数词+名词构成 例如：two years younger 少两岁2 形容词最高级的用法通常由“+the+形容词最

25、高级+介词短语”例如：He is the tallest boy in our class.He is the most interesting teacher in our school有时，最高级前有the second, the third等修饰例如：Los Angeles is the second largest city in America.洛杉矶是美国的第二大城市。 ( ) 2 Li Lei is_ student in our class.A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest( ) 3 The fifth orange is_

26、 of all. Give it to that small child.A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest( )4 Who is-of you three?A. the oldest B. much older C. oldest D. older( ) 1 Tom is one of _ boys in our class.A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest B. the tall( ) 2 English is one of_ spoken in the world.A. the importan

27、t languages B. the most important languages C. most important language D. the most important language( ) 3 Beijing is one of_ in China.A. the largest city B. the large cities C. the larger cities D. the largest cities动词和时态终止性动词 延续性动词：borrow keep buy / get hadie be dead open be open close be closed b

28、egin / start (开演) be on finish / end / complete be over leave / start (出发) be away go to school be at schooljoin the army be in the army join the Party be in the Partyfall asleep / get to sleep be asleep receive / get a letter from / hear from have a letter from 持续性动词后面可以加for+时间段现在完成时1形式：have+过去分词；

29、has+过去分词Eg. I have finished my homework. 我已经写完了我的家庭作业 He has returned from school. 他已经从学校回来2.用法1.表示截止到现在已经完成的动作eg By now, I have collected all the data that I need. 2.表示发生在过去而对现在产生影响、带来结果的动作eg She has been to the United States.3.表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，并可能还要延续 eg I have learned English for 8 years.过去完成时：had+

30、 过去分词1.发生在“过去的过去”eg When I woke up, it had stopped raining. 2.与一个表示过去的时间状语连用eg Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten.3.在过去某时之前开始一直延续到这一时间eg By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years. 过去将来时1.宾语从句或间接引语中eg He didnt expect that we would all

31、be there. 2.表示过去习惯性的动作eg During that period, he would do this every day.3.表示过去的愿望、倾向，多用于否定句eg They knew that we would never permit such a thing. 一般过去式标志性词：yesterday, the day before yesterday, two years ago, last month the other day 不久前一 天 in 19999 （在过去的年月）现在进行时标志性词：now, look! Listen!Look, they are p

32、laying basketball.Listen, she is singing.重要的动词Keep的用法1.keep +形容词 2.keep+sth/sb +形容词3.keep +doing 一直做某事4.keep . from doing . 阻止做某事。5.keep a pet 饲养一个宠物6.How long may I keep this book ？ keep指借。Stop 的用法1. stop from + v.-ing “阻止”、“阻拦”“阻止做某事”。 2. stop to do“停下来做某事”，强调停下来去做另外一件事。 3. stop doing“停止做某事”，强调停止正

33、在做的事情。 Forget 和remember的用法1，forget to do，忘记还没做的事情2，forget doing忘记已经做过的事1，remember to do，忘记还没做的事情2，remember doing忘记已经做过的事Buy 的用法1. 用作动词，表示“买”，可带双宾语；若双宾易位，通常要用介词 for。如：我叔叔为我买了本英语词典。正：My uncle bought me an English dictionary. 正：My uncle bought an English dictionary for me. 2. 表示向某人买某物，通常用介词 from。如：He b

34、ought this watch from a friend. 他从一位朋友那儿买了这块手表。3. 表示用多少钱买某物，通常用介词 for。如：I bought the computer for $600. 我花600美元买了这台电脑。He bought it for very little money. 他买它只花了一点点钱。【注】有时也用介词 at, 侧重指价格。如(from )：He bought them for at 10p each. 他以每个10 便士的价格买下了它们。4. 是终止性动词，因此在肯定句中不宜与一段时间连用。如：这房子我已买了十年。正：I bought this house ten years ago. Borrow: 借入 borrow sth. from sb.Lend : 借出 lend sth. to sb.由于时间有限，就总结这些知识给同学们复习了。祝同学好运，考出好成绩！-