初中英语连词.doc

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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date初中英语连词初中英语连词初中英语语法连词教学目标：掌握连词的用法，在写作中能够灵活运用。教学重点：1、并列连词的用法2、从属连词的用法3、相似连词的辨析教学难点：连词之间的意义及辨析（一）连词概述连词是连接单词、短语或句子的一种虚词。在句中不单独作句子成分。历年中考中常考并列连词and，but，neither nor；从属连词now that，though，when。

2、所以了解状语从句和宾语从句的真正意义有助于正确使用从属连词。（二）基础知识梳理1并列连词用来连接彼此并列的词、短语或句子。并列连词有and，or，but，so，for，nor等。2关联连词有bothand，either or，neithernor，not onlybut also，as well as，as much as等。3连接性副词有however，therefore，besides，yet，anyway，still，all the same等。4并列连词和连接性副词存在以下的区别：1)连接两个独立的分句时，并列连词的位置只能放在它所引导的分句的句首，前面通常有逗号。如：I must w

3、ork hard, for I still have a long way to go.They all went, but I didnt go.2)连接性副词的位置比较灵活，句中、句首、句末都可以。但是放在句首较为普遍。如：Mother was ill, therefore, she stayed at home yesterday.= Mother was ill, she therefore, stayed at home yesterday.= Mother was ill, she stayed at home yesterday, therefore.3)两个并列连词不可以连用。

4、如：He tried hardand but he failed to get the job.此句中的but应改为yet。因为and和but都是连词。5从属连词是用来引导从句，如宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句等。从属连词有that， if, unless, whether, who, whose, what, which, where, than, when, while, as, since, though, although, because, before, after, until, as soon as, now that, so.that, so that, as. as,(not

5、) as/soas 如：If it snows tomorrow，we wont go on a picnic.（If引导条件状语从句）Could you tell me whose PC it is? （whose引导宾语从句）The man who is talking to my class teacher is my father.（who引导定语从句）连词的功能用来连接词，短语，从句或句子的词叫连词。连词是一种虚词，在句中不能单独使用。连词可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。5. 并列连词并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词，短语或句子。常见的并列连词有：(1)表并列关系的and, both

6、and, not onlybut also, neithernor等。(2)表选择关系的or, eitheror等。(3)表转折关系的but, while等。(4)表因果关系的for, so等。6. 从属连词从属连词用来引导从句。常见的从属连词有：(1)引导时间状语从句的after, before, when, while, as, until, till, since, as soon as等。(2)引导条件状语从句的if, unless等。(3)引导原因状语从句的because, as, since等。(4)引导目的状语从句的so that, in order that等。(5)引导让步状

7、语从句的though, although, even if等。(6)引导结果状语从句的so that, sothat, suchthat等。(7)引导比较状语从句的than, asas等。(8)引导名词从句的that, if , whether等。7. 常用连词的用法辨析（1） while, when, as这三个连词都可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同。1) 当某事正在进行的时候，又发生了另一件事。While, when, as 都可用来引导表示“背景”的时间状语从句。例如：As/When/While I was walking down the street I noticed a pol

8、ice car.2) 当两个长动作同时进行的时候，最常用的是while。例如：While mother was cooking lunch, I was doing my homework.3) 当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时，最常用的是as。例如：As children get older, they become more and more interested in things around them.4) 当两个短动作同时发生时，或表示“一边一边”时，最常用as。例如：Just as he caught the fly, he gave a loud cry.She looked

9、behind from time to time as she went5) 当从句的动作先于主句的动作时，通常用when。例如：When he finished his work, he took a short rest.6) 当从句是瞬间动作，主句是延续性动作时，通常用when。例如：When John arrived I was cooking lunch.（2）as, because, since , for这四个词都可表原因，但用法有区别。1) 如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用because。因此，because引导的从句往往放在句末。例如：I stayed at home b

10、ecause it rained.-Why arent you going?-Because I dont want to.2) 如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用as或since。Since比as稍微正式一点。As和since 引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如：As he wasnt ready, we left without him.Since I have no money, I cant buy any food.3) for用来补充说明一种理由，因此，for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。For引导的句子不放在句子的开头。例如：I decided to stop

11、and have lunch-for I was feeling quite hungry.（3）if, whetherif和whether都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾与从句是一般可互换。例如：I wonder whether (if) you still study in that school.I dont know whether (if) he likes that film.在下列情况下，只能用whether,不能用if：1) 引导主语从句时。例如：Whether he will come to the party is unknown. 2) 引导表语从句时。例如：The quest

12、ion is whether I can pass the exam.3) 在不定式前。例如：I havent made up my mind whether to go there or not.（4）sothat, such.that1) sothat中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或副词，而such.that中的such是个形容词，后接名词或名词短语。例如：Im so tired that I cant walk any farther.It was such a warm day that he went swimming.2) 如果在名词之前有many, much, little,

13、 few时，用so,不用such。例如：He has so little education that he is unable to get a job.I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.（5）eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also这三个连词词组都可连接两个并列成分。当它们连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词要随相邻的主语变化。例如：Either you or he is wrong.Neither he nor his children like fish. Not only

14、the teacher but also the students want to buy the book.（6）although, but这两个连词不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.”这个句子应改为：Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.或He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.（7）because, so这两个连词同样不能用在同一个句子中。例

15、如：我们不能说“Because John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.” 这个句子应改为Because John was ill, I took him to the doctor.或John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.【现场练兵】I.选择填空( )1. LiMeng passed his mother his cup _ asked for some more tea. A. but B. or C. and D. if( )2. Study harder, _ you will fall behi

16、nd others. A. and B. or C. but D. so( )3. The doctors are very tired, _ they are still working very hard. A. but B. if C. only D. when( )4. _ you come back, please let me know. A. Later B. Until C. As D. As soon as( )5. He told us _ he was over eighty years old. A. where B. then C. if D. that( )6. D

17、ont go home _ you have cleaned the classroom. A. by B. then C. only D. until( )7. _ Sunday _Monday is OK. Ill be free during those two days. A. Neithernor B. Eitheror C. Bothand D. Either and( )8. We havent seen him _ he left last year. A. since B. when C. as D. if( )9. Its raining now, _ you must t

18、ake the raincoat with you. A. for B. so C. or D. because( )10._you work harder, youll do better in your subjects.A. If B. Before C. Already D. Whether( )11._I was ill yesterday, I didnt come to school.A. For B. As C. Because D. Since( )12.The old man was _ pleased _he could not say a word.A. eithero

19、r B. neithernor C. not onlybut also D. sothat( )13.Which is bigger, the sun _the earth?A. but B. or C. and D. nor ( )14. Could you tell us _you grow apples in your country? A. that B. whether C. which D. what( )15.He knew nothing about the accident _ his friend told him.A. if B. since C. until D. be

20、cause( )16.Please answer the question in a loud voice _all the class can hear you.A. so that B. sothat C. though D. because ( )17.In the old days the poor children couldnt go to school. They could _read _ write when they grew up.A. bothand B. eitheror C. not onlybut also D. neithernor( )18._ Austral

21、ia is very large, the population is quite small. A. But B. Or C. If D. Though( )19.Come here early tomorrow, _youll see her.A. or B. and C. but D. because( )20.Neither she _ I am a teacher. We are both students.A. or B. and C. nor D. but( )21.He kept quiet _she began to speak.A. when B. if C. whethe

22、r D. or( )22._ I am washing, she is cooking. A. While B. After C. Before D. As soon as( )23.She had to do everything _ her husband died.A. before B. after C. when D. while( )24.She had studied Russian for three years _ she began to learn English.A. before B. if C. after D. because( )25.She has had a

23、nother baby _ we met.A. when B. after C. before D. since( )26.I knew nothing about it _ he told me.A. if B. after C. until D. because( )27.Ill ring you up, _ I get an answer from him.A. as soon as B. until C. before D. because( )28.We couldnt go quickly _ the road was too slippery.（滑）A. because B. a

24、s soon as C. if D. until( )29._ it is fine tomorrow, Ill go to the park. A. If B. When C. After D. Before( )30.I dont know _ you like sports .A. whether B. weather C. when D. how( )31.Water is more important in your life _any other matter.A. as B. than C. then D. so( )32.She sat in the first row _ s

25、he could see the blackboard clearly.A. so B. so that C. that D. since ( )33.Ill go to see my sister _ I get to New York.A. while B. as C. as soon as D. since ( )34.There were _ many pains in my chest _ I couldnt help crying.A. soas B. so that C. sothat D. suchthat( )35.Ten years has passed _we left

26、our hometown.A. after B. since C. as D. for( )36.Im sorry _your leg has broken.A. what B. that C. if D. when( )37.Could you tell me _ the foreigner have come or not?A. what C. that C. whether D. when( )38.I wondered _ he had been to Paris.A. that C. what C. if D. where( )39._ you hurry, you will be

27、late for school.A. While C. Unless C. That D. What( )40.Could you please look after my daughter _ I go shopping?A. where B. while C. that D. thoughII. 把下列句子变为同义句41. My brother went to the cinema, so did I. _ my brother _ I went to the cinema. 42. The boy is so young that he cant look after himself.

28、The boy isnt _ _ to look after himself. 43. If you are lazy, you may not pass the exam. _ hard, _ you may not pass the exam. 44. Jacks mother asked him, “Have you packed your things?”Jacks mother asked him _ he _ packed his things.45. She realized Hainan was a beautiful place after she reached there

29、. She _ realize Hainan was a beautiful place _ she reached there. . 选择所给的连词填空 when, because, but, before, if, so.that, asas, didntuntil, and, after, or, since 46. Hurry up, please! _youll be late for school.47. She _go to bed _ her mother came back.48. Yesterday Jim didnt go to see the film, _he mus

30、t go over his lessons.49. The students were talking about the sports meeting _ the teacher came in.50. I was _tired _I couldnt walk any more.51. This building is _ tall _ that one.52. Tom was ill yesterday, _he still went to school as usual.53. He asked me _I would go there with him.54. We have stud

31、ied here _ 1994.55. The child had studied English for two years _he went to middle school.56. _the boy finished his homework, he went to bed.57. Study hard on your subjects, _youll do well in the exam. 根据汉语提示，填入所缺的单词 58. Christine, Aileen _ (和) I are good friends. 59. Study hard, _ (否则)youll fall be

32、hind. 60. Are you coming by bus _(或者) on foot? 61. We are thirsty. I would like a bottle of orange, _(然而)my friend would like some cold water. 62. Youll be late _(如果) you dont get up early tomorrow. 63. I was cleaning the floor _(当的时候) she knocked at the door. 64. Dick climbed up into a tree _(一就) h

33、e saw the bear.65. I knew nothing about it _(直到才) my friend told me yesterday.66. I havent heard from Bill _(自从) we graduated from middle school.IV. 完成英语句子67.这里的天气既不太冷也不太热。The weather here is _too hot _too cold. 68.她不但美丽而且聪明。She is _pretty _ clever. 69.不是你对就是我对。_ you _ I am correct. 70.他和她一样外向，但不如她受

34、欢迎。 He is _ outgoing _ she. But he is _ popular _ her.参考答案 连 词1-5 CBADD 6-10 DBABA 11-15 CDBBC 16-20 ADDBC 21-25 AABAD 26-30 CAAAA 31-35 BBCCB 36-40 BCCCB 41.both, and 42.old enough 43.Work, or 44. if / whether, had 45.didn”t , until 46.or 47.didnt, until 48.because 49.when 50.so, that 51.as, as 52.

35、but 53.if 54.since 55.before 56.after 57.and 58.and 59.or 60.or 61.but/while 62. if 63.while 64.as soon as 65.until 66.sice 67.neither, nor 68.not only, but also 69.either, or 70.as,as; not so, as连词经典习题答案1. 【解析】答案是C。应改为when。因为when引导的时间状语从句，既可表示一时性的动作，又可表示持续性的动作；而while引导的时间状语从句，不能表示一时性或短暂的动作，只能表示持续性的

36、动作或状态。此外while还可以表示“然而”的意思，含有“对比、对照”的意思。句中的arrived in表示的是短暂的动作，所以C是错的。2.【解析】 答案是B。应改为will not start。因为英美人是根据以下的公式来使用till/ until的：A till/until B。这个公式的意思为，A所表示的动作或状态一直持续下去，到(till/ until)B出现时即停止并向相反的方向转化。will start这一动作持续到next Friday就停止，并向相反方向转化，这句子显然不对，如改成will not start持续下去，到next Friday时就停止not start这一动作

37、，并向相反方向start转化。或者我们可以简洁地用not+短暂动词+till/ until；持续性动词+till/until来记忆更为方便。3.【解析】 答案是A。应改为Now that。因为have a headache和had better之间并不是一种强烈的因果关系。because表示原因，因果关系非常强烈。Now that意思为“既然，由于”。与整个句子的意思相吻合。4.【解析】答案是C。应改为so that。因为这是一句目的状语从句，而不是并列句。用so显然不对。所以C是错的。5.【解析】答案是A。应改为such。因为在so+形容词后通常不接不可数名词。在关联词such.，that中

38、，such是形容词。它的句型是：such+ a/an（不定冠词）+形容词+名词（单数）+thatsuch+形容词+不可数名词+thatsuch+形容词+名词（复数）+that所以A是错的。6.【解析】 答案是A。应为so。因为结果状语从句不能由too that来引导，而只能用so. that来引导。所以A是错的。7.【解析】 答案是C。应把but划去。因为though/although从句后面的主句前面不能用but，但能用yet，still或nevertheless；理由是和though/although一起用时，这三个词变成为副词而不是连词。所以B是错的。8.【解析】 答案是B。应改为whether。因为在句中的后半部出现or not。宾语从句应用whether来引导以表示选择，而不能用if，that或其他。所以B是错的。9.【解析】答案是B。因为这是一句宾语从句。从句中的go with意思为“和一起去”。它所指的是人而不是地点。所以B是错的，应改为who或者whom。10.【解析】答案是A。把both划去即可。因为and可连接分句，但both.and不能连接分句。所以A是错的。-