篮球术语英文词汇的翻译与研究.doc

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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流篮球术语英文词汇的翻译与研究.精品文档.Contents摘要iAbstractiiThe translation and research of basketball terms1Chapter 1 Introduction1Chapter 2 the characteristics of basketball terms22.1 the the characteristics of language32.1.1 the immediacy, opposability in language style32.1.2 lots of idiom

2、s in basketball terms3Chapter 3 the translation of basketball terms4Chapter 4 the announcements of basketball terms translation20Chapter 5 conclusion21Bibliography22Acknowledgements24The translation and research of basketball termsChapter 1 IntroductionEnglish as a communicate tool in international

3、sports exchange, it have been used in sports field. With the development of basketball sport and the improvement of athletics level, the internal athletes cant satisfy the requirements of high level game. Lots of international basketball players and coaches come to China, so have a good communicatio

4、n has become a hard problem. Because different languages between local players and foreign player, the translator take a important role in communication, the quality of translation decided foreign players could execute tactics rightly or not directly, and there is a big shortage of basketball transl

5、ators. Most translators dont knows basketball well, if the translators cant tell the basic intention of local coach to foreign players correctly , it will make influence to the results of games, its significant to a basketball translator to knows the basketball terms detailedly. So this article base

6、d on the characteristics of basketball English, through translate basketball terms details, explains the announcements of translate basketball English, aim to help basketball translator to be more profession and push our countries basketball to a higher level.Chapter 2 the characteristics of basketb

7、all termsIn a report of basketball games, the language have the immediacy, opposability, shortly and with idioms oftenly.2.1 the the characteristics of language The basketball term should show the fierce and antagonism to create a feel like you are watching the game in the court. So it have the imme

8、diacy, opposability in language style.2.1.1 the immediacy, opposability in language styleThe conditions in the basketball court is illusive, so it ask the commentators could describe the conditions immediately and correctly, so the basketball terms should have immedicy, the terms always shortly and

9、could make the audiences understand easily.The competition rules of basketball cause there are stormy body touch, also in basketball terms oftenly come up some vocabulary like “Derby game” or “Enemy ”and orther unfriendly words.2.1.2 lots of idioms in basketball terms In basketball terms, there are

10、lots of idioms, because the culture differences, many idioms couldnt understand easily, like “nip-and-tuck ” mean two teams in a same level and any of them couldnt win the game easily.Chapter 3 the translation of basketball termsAir ball: a kind of offensive condition.a miss shot in basketball that

11、fails to touch the rim and the backboard.Alley oop: a skill of offense. A player pass the air around the basket and another teammate take the ball to the basket by shotting or dunking in the air.Assist: an appellation of offense condintion. When your teammate caught your pass and made a goal it mean

12、s you made an assist. Assistant coach: the member who help the coach to train players. There are defense assistant coach, offense assistant coach, the fitness assistant coach and so on.Away game: a name of game modus. It means your team should move to another city for the match. In many researches,

13、the probability of winning in away game is lower than home. Except the fans and court elements, fatigue by a long journey also is an important effection.Attempts: the times of shoot.Baby hook: a skill of offense. Use the wrist and the finger dial the ball to the basket softly. The action is keep the

14、 ball on one hand, put the hand up frome your chest untill your head, nearly the highest point dial the ball with your wrist and finger to the basket.Back cut: a skill of no-ball running. It always unsing by the shooting guard or the small forward. One of the two player should walk to the paint, sud

15、denly run back to the 3 point line ready to catch passing ball to attack the hook.Back spin: a ball running sate. It means when a player pass or shot,rotate the ball by purpose to keep the orbit straight to the aims.Balance the floor: one of the basketball concept. It means keep the strong side(one

16、side with ball) and the weak side(one side without ball) balance, aviod five players standing one side and make the space congestion.Ball line: a concept of defense. It means the triangle position relationship of ball man and yourself. A right position in defense is very impotant, the wrong defense

17、position make harm to defense.Ball reversal: a offense stratrgy. It means if your team cant make a chance to goal by three or four deliveries, transfer the ball to another side to attack the basket.Ball side: the name of basketball court. Make a virtual line between two baskets, separate the court t

18、o two, the side with the ball in offense round, calls ball side. The strong side could make a goal chance, so it would accumulate nany defender, thats why we call ball saide as strong side.Bank shot: a skill of shot. Through the ball to the backboard, make the ball bounce to the basket by touching t

19、he backboard. Basket: bne of the basic equipments. It also called ring, hoop, rim. It is the equipment to determine one team score or not. The inside diameter of the basket should be 45cm, the basket should be metal material, the minimum diameter is 1.7cm, the maximum is 2.0cm.Bench player: a name o

20、f player. Not the start five player, the alternative lpayer.Bench depth: The level of bench palyers, usually, if one team have several high level alternative players, its means the team have a deep bench depth.Between the legs dribble: a skill of dribble, using the strenth of wrist and finger, make

21、the ball to another side under your legs.Blackborad strategies: A tool of exlaining tactics. The coach explain offenseive and defensive tactics.Block shot: to stop the movement of an opponent, or stop an opponents pass or shot.Blocking foul: the defender through pull or push and other movements to s

22、top the ofeender, it violate the rules, the defender would get a foul.Body low: apractical skill. Whenever you in offense position or you are defending your opponent, kepp low your body is favor on moving qiuckly.Body protects that ball: a skill to the ball hander. When your carring the ball, your d

23、efender will deg, dial to froce you lose your ball. Then you can use your shoulders, hips and other positions to protect the ball reasonably.Bounce pass: the skill of passing ball. Pass the ball to your teammate by bounce the floor, if your opponents body center if gtavity is high, you can use this

24、way to prevent ball being steal.Box and one: a defensive tactic. One of five plyers takes men to men defend strategy, the others take zone defense. One man take close-marking defense others take a rectangle or a diamond position. If your opponent have a super scorer, you can take this defend strateg

25、y. One man try to deny that super scorer, do not let him to get the ball, once the super scorer get the ball, one of the other four player can help to stop him in everywhere.Box out: a skill of getting rebound. You should try to take the position between your opponent and the rim when someone make a

26、 shoot, you should keep your arm or body get stuck your opponent prevent him blunting rebound.Bonus: the game condition, it means if one team have made four fouls in a single quarter, the next more fouls should let offensive player take two free throws as punishment.Buzzer beater: a game condition.

27、Buzzer is a tool to remind plyers and referees the time is up. It means when the time nearly gone, one player shot or make a lay up, the ball fall in the basket, meanwhile the time is gone, the buzzer ring, the player calls the buzzer beater.Captain: a member of a team. A man have a higher power, ac

28、cording to the rule, the captain is the only one who have right to discuss rules and with referees, captain also is a leader and manager on the court.Catch and screen: an offensive tactic. One of “passing game tactics”. It means one player dribbling at 3-point line, another teammate do a no-ball run

29、ning, the man with the ball could deny the chaser with his body to create a chance to score for the no-ball man. This strategy often begin aroud the 3-point line, it also called outside screen.Catch and shoot: one of offensive skills. After no-ball running, catch the ball, make a shoot immediately.

30、It often happens in tansition offense, on player run to 3-point line catch the ball and shoot.Center: the name of team role. Most centers are the talles and strongest in the team, he plays the most significant role in offense and defense. His duty is protecting the hoop, rebounding, even he should d

31、o some low post attack, transfer the ball in high post. Charging foul: one defination of rules, it means when an offensive player dribble to forward, happens an illegal physical contact, the offensive player invased his opponent illegally or putposely, that is a foul.Clear-path foul: one defination

32、of rules, when a team have made a fast break, you cant make foul to him intentionally or unintentionally to stop the man attack the hoop. If you do, your opponent will get two free-throw and continue to offense as a punishment.Chest pass: a skill of passing ball, you can use single hand or double ha

33、nds to push the ball to your teammate by the strenth of forearms at the hight of your chest.Clean down: relaxion ativities. It means, after one game or a training, players should do some stretching movements for relieving muscle excessive strain. According to reserches, having a 30 minutes slow runn

34、ing as the clean down, is better than rest immidiately.Close out: move to your opponent and make pressure to the ball, a defensive skill. It is when you face a carring bal player, you should move on to stick him and try to steal the ball or deny him to shot.Close the door; a kind of zone defense str

35、ategies. It means your teammate help you to form a zone defense, like close a door movement. The essential is retreating your inside foot as a arc, making slide, cut your opponents moving route.Coach: the name of team role. The main person in charge, like head coach, assitant coach. He is the man wh

36、o decide the offensive and defensive tactics, the physical excersise and manage the team.Coast to coast pass: making a large district tansfer, devovling the ball from one side to another side. Because the strong side would have many defender, tansfer the ball to the weak side quickly could make a go

37、od chance to scroe. But the passing route is long, the ball could be steal easily.Coast to coast: one player dribble the ball make a lay up from back court to front court, the name of game status. It is very common in a game. If a man have good dribble skill, when he get a rebound or make a steal, h

38、e will do a coast to coast, the defenders always be taken by surprise.Combo guard: the role name of player. One player can organize offense like a point guard and also can make scores like a shooting guard. Its an indispensable role in modern basketball idea.Conmmunucation: one of the basketball con

39、cepts. It means in defense or offense, conmunicate with your teammates in detail, tell him the position he should go or make a help-defense.Cones: an offensive tactic. Two teammates make a pick for one player, hope he can attack the hoop. Most cones are basic on shallow cut.Contact: a defensive skil

40、l. Use your body legally to deny your opponent. This skill have two keys. The frist is timing, and the second is route. If your opponent move to someplace, the slow deny make a physical contact is a block foul. If the timing right, you cant take the advantage position, your opponent will catch the b

41、all and score easily. So, once you take the right position in right timing, stop your opponent offensive route, if happen contact, its must be charging foul.Continuity offense: sustained offense, one of the basketball concepts. It means a serious tactics from fast break plat to set play.Continuity:

42、one of the basketball concepts, in the whole offensive round, the chance to score gone too soon, if you have a chance to start a fast break, but you didnt pass the ball immediately, your team should get ready to a set play. Continuity is means many tactics connect in different conditions.Consistency

43、: one of the basketball concepts, it means one same tactics could be carry out in the left or the right court.Court vision: one of the basketball concepts, like a perfect point guard have an exchange vision of everybody on the court. When he dribble, not only he can see other four teammates position

44、 but also can judge five opponents moving route, thats a excellent court vision.Court: the gaming field. From the concepts of inventing basketball, basketball belongs to indoor sports, especially, you need run, jump, suddenly stop and pivot, the court better built in wooden floor.Cut: the general te

45、rm of no-ball running cut. The cut contains flash cut ,back door cut, back cut, U shape cut, L shape cut and so on.Cutting and passing: an offensive skill, it is when you have not chance to break to the post, pass the ball to your teammate and cut to the post at the frist time to create a chance to

46、score.Dead ball: the name of game condition. When the referee blows whistle, every player should not offense and defense until next round.Defense: a general designation to deny your opponent to score, pass ball, move forward and so on.Defensive mind: a defensive concept. Except defender ;s physical

47、fitness or skills, seeking the probable defensive strategy or crack your opponent offensive tactics, these also called defensive mind.Dig: a skill of defense. It means when you in defensive position, try to steal or allocate the ball.Double dribble: the name of violating rules. Under the rule, if yo

48、ur put the ball away when you are dribbling, you cant dribble once again, or you dribble in two hands, this condition called double dribble.Double team: a defensive technique. Two player stand around the man who carring the ball , and wave hands to interfere and make pressure to the ball force the o

49、ffensive player 5seconds violation or pass the ball nervously. Double double: the name of gaming data. One players defensive and offensive data, like point s, assistants, rebounds, blocks, steals, if any two add up to 10, its called double double.Dribble out the time: a offensive strategy. When the time nearly goes up , the leading team will carry out a