周永鹏-概要写作-教学设计.doc

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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date周永鹏-概要写作-教学设计周永鹏-概要写作-教学设计概要写作 教学设计台州一中 周永鹏 Learning Goals:1. Learn about the main features of an exposition2. Learn how to find the main points in each paragraph 3. Learn to use variou

2、s ways to express the main points4. Learn to use transition to make the summary coherent5. Learn to use checklist to make comment on a summary6. Learn about the importance of safe drivingTeaching Procedure:Step 1 Lead-inT: First, I want to show you some pictures. What do you think of these traffic a

3、ccidents?S: Traffic accidents are dangerous.T: Yes, they are not only dangerous but also very common. According to a survey, most causes of traffic accidents are related with drivers. Can you list some reasons?S: Speeding; Tired driving; Drunk driving; Careless driving; Using cell phones while drivi

4、ngStep2 Determine the text type and main aspect of each paragraphT: Today we will focus on a passage on a social phenomenon, which is using cell phones while driving. Do you think what aspects will be mentioned in the passage?S: cause; effect; solution; opinion and so on.Cause: Not mentionedNegative

5、 effect: Para2Solution: Para3/4Opinion: Para1/5T: What is the style of the passage?S: A. Narration(记叙) B. Exposition(说明) C. Argumentation(议论)Step3 Display the basic requirement of a summaryA Summary Writing on Using cell phones while driving should be:1. Complete (完整)It includes all the main & suppo

6、rting points using your own words.2. Concise (简洁)It omits unnecessary details like examples, explanations and other unimportant information; (40 80 words)3. Coherent (连贯)It is a paragraph with necessary transitions to make it flow. 4. Correct (正确)It should be written in a grammatically correct way5.

7、 Objective (客观)It doesnt contain your own ideas or emotions on the topic. Step4 Find the main points and make the outlinePara 1&5: authors opinionPara1 Cell phones are used everywhere, but on the road they are a dangerous distraction to drivers and should be forbidden. Para5 Cell phones can be a ver

8、y important link in emergencies, but drivers need to use them wisely. As professional racer John Andretti says, “Driving safely is your first responsibility.” The best road to safety is to just hang up and drive.Para 2: negative effectPara2 The New England Journal of Medicine reported that “drivers

9、using a cell phone were four times more likely to have an accident than those not using a phone.” The major problem is that the driver is not focused on the road, but on his or her conversation. Cell phone drivers are very unpredictable: they drive too fast or too slow, make improper turns, run red

10、lights, and even stop at green ones. Its not only annoying; its dangerous. Accidents related to cell phones include rear-ending other vehicles, running off a road and crashing into trees, fences, and buildings, and even turning over.Para 3&4: solutionPara3 In October at the California Traffic Safety

11、 Summit, experts showed that “cell phones used by drivers lead to at least 1,000 deaths per year in California.” These are the same problems that occur with drunk driving, which is against the law and strictly enforced(强制执行). For the same reasons, California needs law that restrict the use of cell p

12、hones in cars.Para4 Until we take action to pass new laws, drivers at least need to be more responsible when using cell phones. The American Automobile Association recommends that drivers pull off the road before using a cell phone, have a passenger use it for them, or use voice mail to answer calls

13、. Another suggestion is to keep the phone off while moving or simply not to use it in the car. Before using a cell phone, drivers should ask themselves, “Is this call really that important?”Outline:Point1：Cell phones used on the road are a dangerous distraction to drivers and should be forbidden.Poi

14、nt2：Drivers using a cell phone were more likely to have an accident than those not using a phone. Point3：Government needs law that restrict the use of cell phones in cars.Point4：Until we take action to pass new laws, drivers at least need to be more responsible when using cell phones.Point5：Cell pho

15、nes can be a very important link in emergencies, but drivers need to use them wisely. The best road to safety is to just hang up and drive. Step5 Practice different ways to express the same messagePoint1：Cell phones used on the road are a dangerous distraction to drivers and should be forbidden.(同义转

16、换) a dangerous distraction to: 1. distract the drivers attention2. cause/contribute to/bring about harmful distraction to3. drivers tend to be distracted(同义转换) using cell phones while driving should be forbidden:1. phones shouldnt be allowed on the road2. put a ban on using phones on the road3. shou

17、ld be prevented from using phones(同义转换) Cell phones used on the road are a dangerous distraction to drivers and should be forbidden.1. Using cell phones while driving can distract the drivers attention and should be banned.2. Cell phones shouldnt be allowed on the road because they cause harmful dis

18、traction to drivers.3. Drivers should be prevented from using cellphones while driving because they tend to be distracted.Step6 Have a try to write a summaryStep7 Learn to use transition to make the summary coherentUsing cell phones while driving can distract the drivers attention and should be bann

19、ed. Drivers have a higher rate of accidents due to a lack of concentration on the road. 1_, we need law to limit the cell phones use. 2_, they should use cell phones in a more responsible way. 3_, cell phones are important and should be used wisely. We had better not use them while driving. (75 word

20、s)Transition：1.后果与措施之间：1) therefore; so（连词）2) to solve the problem; to handle this case; to deal with itto reduce accidents/death; because the accidents happen frequently; because of the large number of accidents; because of the bad effect（问题出发）3) to make driving safe; to ensure driving safety（安全目的）

21、2.措施与措施之间:1. as for drivers; 2. before laws are carried out/come out/passed/introduced/put into effect3.正文与结尾之间: in conclusion; all in all; to sum up; in a wordStep 8 Learn to use checklist to make comment on a summary4C+1O:FactorsChecking pointconcise1. 4080 words; 2. No detailscomplete3. Cover the

22、 main points 4. Use your own wordscoherent5. Use transition correct6. No grammatical mistakesobjective7. No personal opinion典型错误分析Cell phones are a dangerous distraction to drivers and should be forbidden. The rate of the accidents increases because the drivers pay little attention on the road while

23、 use phones. It leads to various accidents include running off a road and crashing into trees, fences, and buildings. California will use law to limit the use of phones in cars because it causes more than 1, 000 deaths per year. Drivers should take the responsible to use phones safely and wisely. After all, we only have one life at all. (89words)-