2022年机械专业毕业设计英文文献翻译 .pdf

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1、1 / 12 英文原文Study of Inherent Safety Mine hoist based on modern design methods Yang Lijie 1, Meng Xiangyun2,Wang Guimei1,Niu Qingna1 1 Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, 056038, China Y 2 China Telecom Handan Company, Handan, Hebei, 056038, China AbstractAs a modern security design, Inhe

2、rent Safetymeans that equipment and facilities is able to contain theinherent fundamental features to prevent accidents. Minehoist is the most important equipment in the coal production.How to achieve safe, reliable, efficient production has beenthe focus study at home and abroad. Inherent safety is

3、reflected in hoist design, primarily through the designmeasures to improve the operation of hoist safety andreliability. In this paper, Inherent Safety theory is applied inthe design of mine hoist, to proposed the design method byusing the software of PRO/E PLC, Labview etc. Keywords-Mine hoist。 Inh

4、erent Safety 。 PRO/E。 PLC。Labview I. INTRODUCTION In coal production, mine hoist is the equipment tocarry coal, gangue, materials, workers and equipmentsalong the rockshaft, the only way linked underground andaboveground, known as mine throat. Mine hoist is alarge-scale reciprocating machinery which

5、 has the featureof own big inertia, load changes, running speed, andwide range et al. The advantages and disadvantages of itsoperating performance, not only directly affect the normalproduction and coal production efficiency, but also relateto equipment and personal safety. In recent years, minehois

6、t failures and accidents have happened at home andabroad which have paid a heavy price to coal companies.Therefore, the production technology and safety of minehoist are higher, and its mechanical manufacturingtechnology and electrical control technology has been animportant research area to the int

7、ernational machinebuilding industry and the electric control industry. Inherent Safety means that equipment and facilities isable to contain the inherent fundamental features toprevent accidents. Inherent Safety lies in design, throughcontinuous improvement, to prevent accidents due to theequipment

8、itself failures. Inherent safety is reflected inhoist design, primarily through the design measures toimprove the operation of hoist safety and reliability. Inthis paper, Inherent Safety theory is applied in the designof mine hoist, to proposed the inherent safety 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - -

9、 - - - - -第 1 页，共 12 页2 / 12 designmethod by use the software of PRO/EPLC, Labviewetc. II. INHERENT SAFETY THEORY The term of inherent safety originates the development ofworld space technology in the 1950s. The concept iswidely accepted closely linked with scientifictechnological progress and human

10、 understanding of safetyculture. The concept of inherent safety produced after theWorld War II which became major safety concept in manyindustrialized countries since the mid 20th century. Inherent safety design as the basic method of hazardcontrol, by selecting safe materials, process routes,mechan

11、ical equipment, devices, to eliminate or controlhazards source rather than relying on additional securitymeasures or management measures to control them. Asinherent safety design, firstly analyze and identify hazardsthat may occur in system, and then choose the bestmethods to eliminate, control haza

12、rds, which reflected inproject design. . THE DESIGN OF INHERENT SAFETY MINEHOIST Mine hoist mainly includs the working device, controlsystem, transmission system and drag, protection systemsand other components. To the inherent safety mine hoistdesign, mainly the mechanical system, control system an

13、dmonitor system is the major part to considered. A. In-depth investigations to find malfunctionThe concept of inherent safety is required safety allthe time in the product design process. That is, theequipment has little malfunction as much as possibleduring the operation and has long normal operati

14、on cyclelength. How can design inherent safety equipment, themost important thing is understanding enough to theequipment, especially in work. After in-depth research,fully understanding the situation, try the best to reduce oreliminate the fault in the design. After in-depthunderstanding of researc

15、h, design product. B. Mechanical SystemThe traditional method of product has long designcycle, high costs. However, the virtual prototypetechnology has the advantage in saving the design cost,shortening the design circle, by using the method ofmodeling, simulation first and then builds the physicalp

16、rototype. Therefore, the virtual design is the developingtrends of mechanical design. In mechanical system design,the application of virtual prototype is used to design minehoist, not only speeded up the design process, alsosimulated a variety of conditions to the virtual prototype todiscover design

17、 faults, to improve the design, to improvemine hoist performance. Mine hoist mechanical system is composed of spindle, roller, reducer, motor, brakes and other components. In itsdesign, virtual design software PRO / E is applied toestablish hoist prototype, application of simulationsoftware ADAMS is

18、 used to 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 12 页3 / 12 simulate and optimize thedesign. Specific process shown in Figure 1: Figure 1. Mechanical system designC. Control system design Mine hoist control system includes start, run, brake,etc., the requirements in control system are:

19、In normal hoist operation, participation in hoistspeed control, brake the hoist when reaching thedestination, known as the service braking。In case of emergency, can quickly slow downas required, brake hoist, to prevent the expansion of theaccident, that is the safety braking 。Participate in the hois

20、t speed control whendecelerati 。To double-roller hoist, should brake the movingroller and fix roller respectively when regulating ropelength, replacement level and changing rope, so that,moving roller would not move when spindle rotates withthe fixed roller. Most of mine hoists in China (more than 7

21、0%) use thetraditional electric control system (tkd-a as therepresentative). Tkd control system is composed of relaylogic circuits, large air contactors, tachometer generatoretc., which is a touch control system. After years ofdevelopment, tkd-a series of electric control system hasformed its own ch

22、aracteristics, but its shortcomings areobvious. Its electrical circuit is too complicated,multi-line, causing hoist parking and accidents occurreddue to electrical 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 12 页4 / 12 fault. With the computer and digitaltechnology, to form a digital hoist

23、control system of PLChas become possible. PLC control system has high controlprecision, parameter stability, simple hardware structure,self-diagnostic capability and communication networkingfunction. Mine hoist control system based on PLC technologystructure shown in Figure 2, mainly including thefo

24、llowing components: the main plc control circuits, hoistroute detection and display circuits, speed detection, andsignal circuits. The PLC of the main control circuits usesMitsubishi FX2N series in Japan which more domesticapplications. Figure 2 PLC electric control system D. Monitoring system desig

25、n To ensure safe operation of the hoist, except forselecting the reasonable operation design parameters, theuse of advanced control system, should also monitor thetechnological parameters on regular, conscientiously doperformance test work to 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 12 页

26、5 / 12 master the hoist performance,discover the defects in time, eliminate hidden danger,avoid unnecessary losses. In addition, the hoist operationstate can be improved to work in the best conditionsbased on test data. Therefore, the hoist could work safely,reliably, have high efficiency, and exten

27、d its work life. Virtual instrument technology is computer-basedinstrumentation and measurement technology, is loadedsome software and hardware on the computer with similarappearance and performance of the actual independentinstrument. The user operating the computer, likemanipulating a especially c

28、onventional electronic devicesdesigned theirs. The essence of virtual instrumenttechnology is that hardware softwarized technology, takefull advantage of the latest computer technology toimplement and expand the functions of traditionalinstruments. LabVIEW (laboratory virtual instrument engineeringw

29、orkbench) is a graphical programming and developmentenvironment, also known as G language. It is widelyused by industry, academia and research laboratories,accepted as the standard data acquisition and instrumentcontrol software. LabVIEW not only provides andcomplies with all the functions of hardwa

30、re and dataacquisition cards communications of GPIB, VXI, RS-232and RS-485 protocol, and built-in library functions supportfor TCP / IP, ActiveX and other software standards. Thesoftware for scientists and engineers is a programminglanguage, it provides a simple, intuitive graphicalprogramming mode,

31、 saves a lot of development time, hascomplete function, best embodied style of virtualinstrument. In response to these circumstances, developed a minehoist Integrate Performance Monitoring System based onvirtual instrument LabVIEW-based. Show in Figure 3.With signal conditioning and data acquisition

32、 card toreceive signals from sensors, then sent the received signalto the virtual instrument software platform, enables thefollowing features: （1）show speed, acceleration, braking time,displacement, oil pressure, delay time and other relevantparameters in digital, and display speed, acceleration,tra

33、ction, displacement and hydraulic curves. （ 2） Dynamically monitor the hydraulic oil pressure andoil pump running station, based on these parameters toavoid important braking system failure. （3）Test brake air travel time, relay delay time andother time parameters. （4）inquiry to the measured curve an

34、d hoistparameters。 print a test report. Figure 3. Diagram of test system精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 12 页6 / 12 The monitoring system has characteristics such as compact, light weight, high precision, testing convenient and flexible, feature-rich software etc. the system can

35、not only display automatically test results, but also finish multiple functions, for example , data transmission, analysis, processing, storage and report printing. The system is high precision, can easily monitor the hoist operation state, to ensure the reliability of hoist operation. . CONCLUSIONS

36、 In this paper, used virtual design software todesign the hoist mechanical system, PLC todesign control system, applied virtual instrumentsoftware-LABVIEW to design monitor system.Therefore, the mine hoist designed has goodmechanical properties and safe operation,monitoring easy. REFERENCES 1 Weng q

37、ishu. The inherent safety and checks of cabinJ.navigation Technology2006 (3):50-52. (in Chinese) 2 Li jangbo. Study of Test System of CompositeCharacteristic of Devices Based on Virtual instrumentD. A Dissertation Submitted to Hebei University of Engineering For the Academic Degree of Master ofEngin

38、eering, 2007. (in Chinese) 3 Wang chengqin, Li wei , Meng baoxing et al.Random vibration testing system of hoisting gear basedon virtual instrument. Coal mine machinery, 2008(4) :118-120. (in Chinese) 4 Chen baozhi Wu min. concept and practices ofinherent safetyJ. Journal of Safety Science andTechno

39、logy,2008(6):79-83. (in Chinese) 5 Xu chenyi, Wu yongdong, Huanghe et al. APLC-based mine hoist control system design J.LC&FA, 2008(10):52-56 (in Chinese) 中文译文基于现代设计方法的矿井提升机内在安全性的研究Yang Lijie 1, Meng Xiangyun2,Wang Guimei1,Niu Qingna1 1 河北工程大学 ,河北邯郸 ,056038, 中国Y 2 中国电信邯郸分公司 ,河北邯郸 ,056038, 中国精选学习资料 -

40、 - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 12 页7 / 12 摘要：作为一个现代的安全设计，内在的安全性意味着设备和设施能够包含防止事故发生的固有基本特征。矿山提升机是煤炭生产中最重要的设备。如何获得安全、可靠、效率高的产品，已经成为国内外研究的焦点。内在安全性在提升机的设计中主要体现在通过设计方法来提高操作提升机的安全性和可靠性。在本文中 ,把内在安全性理论应用到了矿井提升机的设计中,利用 PRO/E 、PLC、Labview 等软件提出了设计方法。关键字：矿用提升机；内在安全性；PRO/E ；PLC；Labview . 介绍在煤矿生产中，矿

41、井提升机是沿着岩石竖井携带煤炭、煤矸石、材料、工人和其他设施的设备，竖井是唯一的和地上地下连接的方式，就是我们所知的煤矿的喉咙。矿井提升机是一种具有的大惯性、负荷变化、运行速度快等特征的大型往复式机械。它本身操作性能的优点和缺点不仅直接影响到正常的产量和煤炭生产效率 ,而且关系着设备和人身安全。近年来，在国内外发生的矿用提升机失效和意外情况，已经让煤炭企业付出了沉重的代价。因此,生产技术和矿用提升机的安全性越高，那么它的机械制造技术与电气控制技术就会成为一个国际机械建筑行业和电气控制行业的重要研究领域。本质安全性意味着设备和设施能够包含防止事故发生的本质基本特征。本质安全性在于设计、通过持续的

42、改进,才能避免由于设备本身的失效而造成的事故，本质安全性在提升机的设计中主要体现在通过设计方法来提高操作提升机的安全性和可靠性。在本文中,把本质安全性理论应用到了矿井提升机的设计中,利用PRO/E 、PLC、Labview 等软件提出了设计方法。本质安全理论长期的固有安全性源于世界空间技术在20 世纪 50 年代的发展。这个概念被广泛的认为是科学技术进步与人类对安全文化了解的密切联系。在第二次世界大战后产生的本质安全性概念成为20 世纪中期以来许多工业化国家的主要安全概念。作为危险控制的基本方法，本质安全设计是通过选择安全的材料、工艺路线、机械设备、装置以消除或控制危险源，而不是依赖“额外的”

43、的安全措施或管理措施来控制他们。作为本质安全设计，首先应分析并找出可能出现在系统里的危险，然后选择最佳的方法来消除、控制危险，这个方法反映在工程设计中。. 矿用提升机的本质安全设计矿井提升机主要包括工作装置、控制系统、传输系统和阻力、保护系统以及其他组成部分。在本质安全的矿井提升机设计中，机械系统、控制系统和监控系统是需要考虑的主要部分。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 12 页8 / 12 A:深入调查发现故障本质安全性的概念是指在产品的设计过程中一直需要安全性。也就是说，设备应尽可能少的在运行过程中出现故障，并且具有长

44、期的正常运行周期。怎样才能设计出本质安全的设备，最重要的是能足够了解设备，尤其是在工作的时候。经过深入研究、充分了解情况，然后尽可能减少或消除设计中的缺陷。在深层研究的了解后，设计出产品。B .机械系统传统的产品设计方法周期长、成本高。然而,虚拟现实技术通过采用建模、仿真，然后建立物理原型的方法从而有了节约设计成本、缩短设计周期的优势。因此 ,虚拟设计是机械设计发展的必然趋势。在机械系统设计中，应用虚拟样机来设计矿用提升机，不仅提高了设计速度，而且模拟了虚拟样机的各种情况以发现设计错误，提高设计、改善矿井提升机的性能。矿井提升机的机械系统由主轴、卷筒、减速器、电机、刹车和其他组成部分。在它的设

45、计中，虚拟设计软件PRO / E 是用来建立提升机原型的,模拟软件ADAMS 是用来模拟和优化设计的。具体过程如图1 所示: 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 12 页9 / 12 图.1 机械系统设计C.控制系统设计矿井提升机控制系统包括启动、运行、刹车等，控制系统的要求是：在正常的提升机操作中，参与提升机的速度控制，到达目的地的时候制动提升机，称为制动服务；万一发生紧急情况 ,可以根据要求快速慢下来，制动提升机，以防止事故的扩大，也就是安全制动；在减速的时候参与提升机的速度控制；对于双滚筒提升机，在调节钢丝绳长度、更换

46、水平和变化的钢丝绳时，应该分别制动活动卷筒和固定卷筒。这样以来，当主轴随固定卷筒一起转时，活动卷筒就不能动了。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 12 页10 / 12 中国的大部分矿井提升机（70%以上）使用传统的电气控制系统(以 TKD-A作为代表 )。TKD 控制系统由逻辑电路、大型空气接触器、转速发电机等部分组成，是一个触摸控制系统。经过多年的发展，TKD-A 系列电动控制系统已经形成了自身的特点，但其存在的缺陷显而易见。其电路过于复杂、多线，由于电路故障使提升机造成停车和事故的发生。通过运用计算机和数字技术，形成一

47、个数字化提升机的PLC 控制系统已成为可能。 PLC 控制系统具有较高的控制精度、参数稳定、简单的硬件结构、自诊断能力和网络通信功能。基于 PLC 控制技术的矿井提升机控制系统结构如图2 所示，主要包括以下几个部分：主要 PLC 控制电路、提升机路线的检测和显示电路、速度检测和信号电路。 PLC 的主要控制电路多采用在国内应用很多的日本三菱FX2N 系列。图.2 PLC 电子控制系统D .监测系统设计为了确保提升机的安全运行，除了选择合理的操作设计参数、采用先进的控制系统之外，还应该定期监控技术参数、时常做性能测试工作以掌握提升机性能、及时发现缺陷、消除隐患、避免不必要的损失。此外，通过测试数

48、据还精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 12 页11 / 12 可以改善提升机的操作状态达到最佳工作状况。因此，提升机可以安全、可靠、高效率的运行以延长其运行寿命。虚拟仪器技术是基于计算机的仪器和测试技术，被装载一些计算机上的硬件和软件且具有相似的外观和性能的现实独立仪器。使用这台计算机的用户，就像操纵了一个特殊的设计其本身的传统电子设备虚拟仪器技术其本质就是把硬件软件化的技术，充分利用先进的电脑技术来补充和扩展传统仪器的功能。LabVIEW( 实验室虚拟仪器工程工作台)是一种图形化程序和开发环境，也被称为“ G”的语言。

49、它被广泛地用工业、学术界和研究实验室，作为标准的数据采集和仪器控制软件。LabVIEW 中不仅提供和支持了所有硬件和数据采集卡的 GPIB，VXI 总线， RS - 232 和 RS - 485 通信协议，而且建立了支持TCP / IP，ActiveX 和其他软件标准的内置库函数。此软件对科学家和工程师来说是一个编程语言，它提供了一个简单、直观的图形编程模式，节省了大量的开发时间，功能齐全，最佳的体现了虚拟仪器的类型。针对上述情况，研制出了基于虚拟仪器LabVIEW 的矿井提升机综合性能监控系统。如图3 所示。通过信号处理和数据采集卡从传感器那里接收信号，然后把接收的信号送到虚拟仪器软件平台，

50、具有以下特点: （1）数字化的显示速度、加速度、制动时间、位移、油压、延迟时间和其他相关参数，并且显示速度、加速度,牵引力、位移与液压曲线。（2）动态监测液压油压力和油泵运行站，基于这些参数来避免重要制动系统的失败。（3）测试刹车空载时间，继电器延时时间和其他时间参数。（4）调查实测曲线和提升机参数；打印测试报告。图.3 测试系统图表此监控系统具有体积小、重量轻、精度高、测试方便、灵活、富有特色软件等特点。该系统不仅可以显示自动测试的结果，也可以完成的多种功能，例如数据传输、分析、处理、存储和报告打印。该系统具有较高的计算精度，可以很轻易地监控提升机的运行状态，以保持提升机操作的可靠性。精选学