2022年2021年高考英语必背知识点复习导学案17-附录-高考常考的80个熟词新义2 .pdf

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1、1 附录高考常考的 80 个熟词新义单词熟义新义例句1.absent adj. 缺席的adj. 茫然的，恍惚的She looked at the picture in an absent ( 茫然的 ) way. 2.ache vi.& n 疼痛vi. 渴望Having left for ages, he was aching ( 渴望) for home. 3.address n. 地址 vt. 写地址vt. 发表( 演说) The president will address (发表) his speech at 3：00 pm. 4.against prep. 逆着，反对；倚，靠；碰pr

2、ep. 映衬The picture looks nice against (映衬) the white wall. 5.allow vt. 允许vt. 使可能This diet allows ( 使可能 ) you one glass of wine a day. 6.announce vt. 宣布vt. 显示；预示；预告The warm sunshine announces ( 预示) the coming of spring. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

3、 - - 第 1 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 2 7.attend vt. 出席；参加vi.&vt.看护；治疗；陪同The nurse attended (看护) to him day and night. 8.bear vt. 忍受；容忍vt. 显示；带有He was badly wounded in the war and still bears ( 带有) the scars. 9.better adj. & adv.较好的，较好地vt. 改善；优化(2014北京高考)A key first step in bettering ( 改善) your evalua

4、tion ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. 10.blank adj. 空白的n空白adj. 没表情的；空虚的；没兴趣的The stranger returned my greeting with a blank ( 没表情的 ) look. 11.blue adj.& n蓝色 ( 的) adj. 忧伤的His songs always make me feel blue ( 忧伤的 )12.bridge n. 桥vt. 消除隔阂(2014江苏高考)Not white, certainly,

5、but 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 3 not really Asian, I try to pave the way between the two worlds and bridge ( 消除隔阂 ) the gap for you. 13.build vt. 建筑，建造vi. 增强；使更强壮n体格，体形，身材(2010北京高考)One should receive training

6、to build ( 增强) up one s confidence. (2008江西高考)Youre right, Josh. He may have a small build (身材) 14.cause vt. 促使，引起 n 原因，起因；事业；目标(2010山东高考)Even with a staff of 22 volunteers, Thomas often devotes up to 50 hours a week to his cause (事业)15.cloudy adj. 阴的，多云的adj. 不明朗的，不清晰的Who will take his place still r

7、emains cloudy 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 4 ( 不明朗的 ) 16.coach n. 教练vt. 辅导，指导She coached ( 指导) me in playing football. 17.count n.& vt.计算，数vi. 有价值；重要It is not how much you read but what you read that counts ( 重要

8、)18.course n. 课程；过程n. 一道菜The courses (菜谱) vary with seasons. 19.cover vi. 覆盖vt. 行走( 一段路程) ；足以支付，够付；采访n书刊封面，封皮(2014天津高考)At that time, we regarded 25 miles as good days walk and the ability to cover ( 行走) such a distance in ten hours as sign of strength and skill. (2010福建高考)To cover (足以支付) the cost of

9、 hiring a bus, each student will have 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 5 to pay $10 each time. 20.damage vt.& n 损坏n. 赔偿金 ( 复数) He claimed $7,000 damages (赔偿金 ) from the taxi company. 21.deal vi. 处理，解决n. 交易Having bee

10、n cheated in a business deal (交易), he was reduced to nothing. 22.desert n. 沙漠vt. 抛弃，离弃He deserted (抛弃) his wife and children and went abroad. 23.develop vt. & vi.发展；开发；研制vt. 冲印Did you have the films developed ( 冲印) ？24.divorce vt. 与某人离婚vt. 使分离；使脱离You cant divorce ( 使分离 ) science from ethical questio

11、ns. 25.drive vt. 驾驶vt. 迫使(2014江苏高考)It is the same instinct that drives (迫使) people to dress one way at home 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 6 and another way at work . 26.encourage vt. 鼓励；激励vt. 促进，助长；刺激Good health

12、encourages ( 促进) clear thinking. 27.escape vi.& vt.逃跑；逃脱vt. 被忘掉；被忽视(2012广东高考)If he thought he could escape ( 被忽视 ) attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. 28.excuse n. 借口 vt. 原谅vt. 免除某人的职责He was excused ( 免除) from piano practice. 29.explode vi. 爆炸；爆裂vt. 勃然大怒；大发雷霆I m about to explode ( 勃然大怒)!

13、 He broke his promise again. 30.exploit vt. 开发；开采；剥削vt. 利用You must exploit ( 利用) every opportunity to learn English. 31.fail vi. 失败vi.(健康) 衰退，变弱(2011新课标全国卷)William found it increasingly difficult to 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 17 页 -

14、 - - - - - - - - 7 read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail ( 变弱) 32.fine adj. 美好的，很棒的，晴朗的n.& vt. 罚款；处( 某人) 以罚金The man will get a fine (罚款) if he parks the car there. 33.foreign adj. 外国的；外交的adj. 不熟悉的The subject is foreign (不熟悉的) to all of us. 34.freeze vi. 结冰，( 使) 冻结vi.& vt.惊呆，吓呆；不动，停止(2014新课标全国

15、卷 )When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze ( 停止，不动 ) and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair. 35.fresh adj. 新鲜的adj. 无经验的She is quite fresh ( 无经验的 ) to the work. 36.gain vi.& vt.获得；赢得vt. 增加( 速度、重量) The car gained ( 增加) speed gradually. 37.ground n. 地面n. 理由He has st

16、rong 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 8 grounds ( 理由) for more money. 38.govern vt. 管理；控制vt. 影响；支配The law of supply and demand governs ( 影响) the prices of goods. 39.help vt. 帮助vi. 避免，防止；起作用(2013新课标全国卷 )Try not to co

17、ugh more than you can help (避免，防止) since it may cause problems to your lungs. 40.house n. 房子vt.& vi.给房子住；容纳(2014浙江高考)These cottages once housed ( 给房子住 ) early settlers as they worked the dry Montana soil; now they hold Twitter engineers. 41.ill adj. 生病的adj.& adv. 坏的/ 地It s no good speaking ill (坏的)

18、of others. 42.inspire v. 激励；鼓舞v. 启发His best music was 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 9 inspired (启发) by the memory of his mother. 43.interest n. 兴趣n. 利润，利益；股份Our family has interests (利益) in the business. 44.jump

19、vi.& n 跳n.& vi. 大幅度上涨Last week the prices of goods jumped ( 大幅度上涨) 45.kill v. 杀死，弄死v. 消磨或打发 (时间) (2010湖北高考)How does the man kill (打发) time ？46.land vi. 降落，着陆 n.陆地vt. 谋得( 工作等 ) (2015浙江高考)Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford, Ive watched one friend after another land (谋得) high-ranking, hig

20、h-paying Wall Street jobs. 47.last adj. 最后的adj. 最不可能的He is the last ( 最不可能的 ) man I 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 10 want to see. 48.match n. 火柴vt. 般配，与匹配(2013江西高考)She matched ( 匹配) the carpet with some very nice

21、 curtains in colour. 49.measure n. 措施，方法vt.& vi.估量，判定( 重要性、价值或影响等 ) It s hard to measure ( 判定) his ability when we havent seen his work. 50.multiply v. 乘；乘以vt. 成倍增加；迅速增加We can multiply ( 迅速增加 ) our chances of success. 51.narrow adj. 狭窄的vt. 缩小，使变窄(2012天津高考)Parents and children should communicate more

22、 to narrow (使变窄，缩小 ) the gap between them so that they can understand each other better. 52.note n. 笔记v. 注意，特别指出；提及I noted (注意到 ) that her hands were dirty. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 11 53.nurse n. 护士，保姆vt.

23、看护，照料 ( 病人或伤者 ) (2014山东高考)While nursing ( 照料) her ill elder sister throughout the years, Charlotte discovered she had an interest in medicine. 54.open v. 开 adj. 开着的，打开的adj.( 问题、议事等) 未解决的They left the matter open (悬而未决的 ) 55.operate vi. 机器运转工作；做手术vi. 起作用The medicine operated (起作用 ) quickly. 56.pictur

24、e n. 画vt. 描绘(2014新课标全国卷 )I would like to picture ( 描绘) my future life in ten years. 57.position n. 位置；职位n. 立场；观点Whats your position (观点) on the problem？58.promise vt.& n 许诺vt. 有的希望；使有可能The dark clouds promise ( 使有可能) rain. 59.pronounce vt. 发音v. 宣称；宣布；判决The judge pronounced ( 判决) 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - -

25、- - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 12 against her appeal. 60.read v. 阅读vt. 理解；领会I didn t read ( 领会) mother s thoughts at that time. 61.round prep.& adv. 环绕，围着 adj. 圆形的n. 回合；局；轮We are losing the game in the last round ( 轮) due to our com

26、placency ( 自满) 62.say vt. 说vt. 假定，显示，表明Say ( 假定) that war breaks out, what will you do？63.shelter n. 避难所vt. 保护(2014四川高考)I was wrapped ( 包裹) heavily and well sheltered (保护) from the freezing and blowing weather. 64.shoulder n. 肩膀vt. 承担Young people should learn to shoulder (承担) the blame. 65.sign n. 符

27、号，记号n. 迹象，预兆 v. 签字，签署(2010天津高考)Bearing 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 12 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 13 responsibility for his mistakes is a sign (预兆) of a man s maturity. (2010福建高考)Therefore, students should be advised to sign ( 签字) up as soo

28、n as possible. 66.solid adj. 固定的，坚硬的adj. 可靠的，可信赖的(2012浙江高考)The research lacks solid (可靠的) evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful. 67.sound n. 声音adj. 健全的，健康的It is important to have a sound (健康的) body. 68.stand vi. 站，站立，直立vt. 忍受 n. 货摊(2009四川高考) . the author could not stand ( 忍受) living

29、in a wooden house. (2010福建高考)I found the fish stand (货摊) 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 13 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 14 surrounded in a sea of customers. 69.store n.( 大型) 百货商店 vt.& n贮藏，贮存，保存(2010安徽高考)Although dams can be built to store (贮存)

30、water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons . 70.strength n. 力，力量，体力n. 长处A basketball coach must know the strengths (长处) and weaknesses of his players. 71.subject n. 科目，话题n. 实验对象adj. 易受影响的The subjects (实验对象 ) of this experiment were men aged 1835. The child is subject ( 易受影响的) to colds.

31、72.taste v. 品尝，尝出味道n. 味道；鉴赏力；爱好(2013天津高考)While she was in Paris, she developed a taste ( 爱好) for fine art. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 14 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 15 73.treat vt. 以态度对待vt. 治疗，医治vt.& n 款待，招待(2010江苏高考)The doctor is skilled

32、at treating (治疗) heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good reputation. Let s go out for lunch my treat ( 款待) 74.walk vi.& n 行走；步行n. 行业This society welcomes people from all walks ( 行业) of life. 75.wander vi. 漫游；游荡；漫步vi. 走神；神志恍惚；思想开小差Her thoughts wandered ( 思想开小

33、差) back to her youth. 76.wear vt. 穿，戴vt. 面带，流露；留( 发、须等 ) (2009山东高考)I can still remember he was always wearing ( 面带) a smile and willing to help. 77.weigh v. 称的重量；v. 权衡；斟酌(2012福建高名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 15 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 16

34、重达考)However, this must be weighed ( 权衡) against the benefits for city children for whom we all have the greatest duty of care. 78.work vi.& n 工作，劳动vi.(方法、药等) 起作用， 奏效 n. 著作，作品(2009浙江高考)The medicine works ( 起作用) more effectively if you drink some hot water after taking it. (2010四川高考)Such poets as Shak

35、espeare are widely read, of whose works ( 作品), however, some are difficult to understand. 79.undertake vt. 承担；从事vt. 承诺；允诺；答应I cant undertake ( 承诺) that you will make a profit. 80.voice n. 声音vt. 说出(2013天津高名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 16 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 17 考)Moreover, I will open more channels for you to voice (说出) your opinions and needs. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 17 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - -